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SwiftUI带自动换行和动态高度的HStack

swiftxcodeswiftuiword-wrapzstack
41
我有一个用于在多行显示文本标签的视图，这是我从SwiftUI HStack with Wrap中得到的，但是当我将其添加到VStack中时，标签会与我放置在下面的任何其他视图重叠。 标签被正确显示，但是视图本身的高度没有在VStack内进行计算。 如何使此视图使用其内容的高度？
import SwiftUI

struct TestWrappedLayout: View {
    @State var platforms = ["Ninetendo", "XBox", "PlayStation", "PlayStation 2", "PlayStation 3", "PlayStation 4"]

    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            self.generateContent(in: geometry)
        }
    }

    private func generateContent(in g: GeometryProxy) -> some View {
        var width = CGFloat.zero
        var height = CGFloat.zero

        return ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
            ForEach(self.platforms, id: \.self) { platform in
                self.item(for: platform)
                    .padding([.horizontal, .vertical], 4)
                    .alignmentGuide(.leading, computeValue: { d in
                        if (abs(width - d.width) > g.size.width)
                        {
                            width = 0
                            height -= d.height
                        }
                        let result = width
                        if platform == self.platforms.last! {
                            width = 0 //last item
                        } else {
                            width -= d.width
                        }
                        return result
                    })
                    .alignmentGuide(.top, computeValue: {d in
                        let result = height
                        if platform == self.platforms.last! {
                            height = 0 // last item
                        }
                        return result
                    })
            }
        }
    }

    func item(for text: String) -> some View {
        Text(text)
            .padding(.all, 5)
            .font(.body)
            .background(Color.blue)
            .foregroundColor(Color.white)
            .cornerRadius(5)
    }
}

struct TestWrappedLayout_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        TestWrappedLayout()
    }
}

示例代码：

struct ExampleTagsView: View {
    var body: some View {
        ScrollView {
            VStack(alignment: .leading) {
                Text("Platforms:")
                TestWrappedLayout()

                Text("Other Platforms:")
                TestWrappedLayout()
            }
        }
    }
}

struct ExampleTagsView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        ExampleTagsView()
    }
}

结果： 在这里输入图片描述

5个回答
103

好的，这里是一个更为通用和改进的变体（针对最初在SwiftUI HStack with Wrap中介绍的解决方案）。

经过Xcode 11.4 / iOS 13.4的测试

注意：由于视图的高度是动态计算的，因此结果只能在运行时而非预览中工作

enter image description here

struct TagCloudView: View {
    var tags: [String]

    @State private var totalHeight 
          = CGFloat.zero       // << variant for ScrollView/List
    //    = CGFloat.infinity   // << variant for VStack

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            GeometryReader { geometry in
                self.generateContent(in: geometry)
            }
        }
        .frame(height: totalHeight)// << variant for ScrollView/List
        //.frame(maxHeight: totalHeight) // << variant for VStack
    }

    private func generateContent(in g: GeometryProxy) -> some View {
        var width = CGFloat.zero
        var height = CGFloat.zero

        return ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
            ForEach(self.tags, id: \.self) { tag in
                self.item(for: tag)
                    .padding([.horizontal, .vertical], 4)
                    .alignmentGuide(.leading, computeValue: { d in
                        if (abs(width - d.width) > g.size.width)
                        {
                            width = 0
                            height -= d.height
                        }
                        let result = width
                        if tag == self.tags.last! {
                            width = 0 //last item
                        } else {
                            width -= d.width
                        }
                        return result
                    })
                    .alignmentGuide(.top, computeValue: {d in
                        let result = height
                        if tag == self.tags.last! {
                            height = 0 // last item
                        }
                        return result
                    })
            }
        }.background(viewHeightReader($totalHeight))
    }

    private func item(for text: String) -> some View {
        Text(text)
            .padding(.all, 5)
            .font(.body)
            .background(Color.blue)
            .foregroundColor(Color.white)
            .cornerRadius(5)
    }

    private func viewHeightReader(_ binding: Binding<CGFloat>) -> some View {
        return GeometryReader { geometry -> Color in
            let rect = geometry.frame(in: .local)
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                binding.wrappedValue = rect.size.height
            }
            return .clear
        }
    }
}

struct TestTagCloudView : View {
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text("Header").font(.largeTitle)
            TagCloudView(tags: ["Ninetendo", "XBox", "PlayStation", "PlayStation 2", "PlayStation 3", "PlayStation 4"])
            Text("Some other text")
            Divider()
            Text("Some other cloud")
            TagCloudView(tags: ["Apple", "Google", "Amazon", "Microsoft", "Oracle", "Facebook"])
        }
    }
}
2
@Ludyem，已更新。不管怎样，很高兴你找到了自己的适应方式 - 我总是很高兴看到这样的事情。 - Asperi
太好了！但我想通过单击来选择任何标签。我尝试在item()中添加onTabGesture到Text中，但似乎只有第一行标签是“敏感”的。我还尝试用Button替换Text，但没有任何变化。 - Dario Scoppelletti
5
你好，我该如何使这个芯片居中对齐而不是左对齐？ - Jigar
1
这是一个很好的解决方案，但为什么ZStack的对齐方式（顶部和前导）真的很重要？当我将其更改为其他内容时，它无法正确地放置项目。 - JAHelia
不错的解决方案。但是如果我将所有项目删除，然后重新添加到列表中，它就无法正确绘制。 - hariszaman
显示剩余6条评论
15

我将Asperi的解决方案调整为接受任何类型的视图和模型。想在这里分享一下。我将其添加到了一个GitHub Gist中，并在此处包含了代码。

struct WrappingHStack<Model, V>: View where Model: Hashable, V: View {
    typealias ViewGenerator = (Model) -> V
    
    var models: [Model]
    var viewGenerator: ViewGenerator
    var horizontalSpacing: CGFloat = 2
    var verticalSpacing: CGFloat = 0

    @State private var totalHeight
          = CGFloat.zero       // << variant for ScrollView/List
    //    = CGFloat.infinity   // << variant for VStack

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            GeometryReader { geometry in
                self.generateContent(in: geometry)
            }
        }
        .frame(height: totalHeight)// << variant for ScrollView/List
        //.frame(maxHeight: totalHeight) // << variant for VStack
    }

    private func generateContent(in geometry: GeometryProxy) -> some View {
        var width = CGFloat.zero
        var height = CGFloat.zero

        return ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
            ForEach(self.models, id: \.self) { models in
                viewGenerator(models)
                    .padding(.horizontal, horizontalSpacing)
                    .padding(.vertical, verticalSpacing)
                    .alignmentGuide(.leading, computeValue: { dimension in
                        if (abs(width - dimension.width) > geometry.size.width)
                        {
                            width = 0
                            height -= dimension.height
                        }
                        let result = width
                        if models == self.models.last! {
                            width = 0 //last item
                        } else {
                            width -= dimension.width
                        }
                        return result
                    })
                    .alignmentGuide(.top, computeValue: {dimension in
                        let result = height
                        if models == self.models.last! {
                            height = 0 // last item
                        }
                        return result
                    })
            }
        }.background(viewHeightReader($totalHeight))
    }

    private func viewHeightReader(_ binding: Binding<CGFloat>) -> some View {
        return GeometryReader { geometry -> Color in
            let rect = geometry.frame(in: .local)
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                binding.wrappedValue = rect.size.height
            }
            return .clear
        }
    }
}
2
谢谢，您的更改使解决方案更易于理解和重用。 - Norman
这是最好的解决方案。顺便问一下，如何进行右对齐而不是当前的左对齐？ - LiangWang
2
这个怎么样居中对齐？ - Marcus Ziadé
13

我刚刚成功解决了这个问题，通过将GeometryReader移动到ExampleTagsView并在.alignmentGuide内使用platforms.first而不是last。

完整代码：

import SwiftUI

struct ExampleTagsView: View {
    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            ScrollView(.vertical) {
                VStack(alignment: .leading) {
                    Text("Platforms:")
                    TestWrappedLayout(geometry: geometry)

                    Text("Other Platforms:")
                    TestWrappedLayout(geometry: geometry)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

struct ExampleTagsView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        ExampleTagsView()
    }
}

struct TestWrappedLayout: View {
    @State var platforms = ["Ninetendo", "XBox", "PlayStation", "PlayStation 2", "PlayStation 3", "PlayStation 4", "PlayStation 5", "Ni", "Xct5Box", "PlayStatavtion", "PlvayStation 2", "PlayStatiadfon 3", "PlaySdatation 4", "PlaySdtation 5"]
    let geometry: GeometryProxy

    var body: some View {
        self.generateContent(in: geometry)
    }

    private func generateContent(in g: GeometryProxy) -> some View {
        var width = CGFloat.zero
        var height = CGFloat.zero

        return ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
            ForEach(self.platforms, id: \.self) { platform in
                self.item(for: platform)
                    .padding([.horizontal, .vertical], 4)
                    .alignmentGuide(.leading, computeValue: { d in
                        if (abs(width - d.width) > g.size.width)
                        {
                            width = 0
                            height -= d.height
                        }
                        let result = width
                        if platform == self.platforms.first! {
                            width = 0 //last item
                        } else {
                            width -= d.width
                        }
                        return result
                    })
                    .alignmentGuide(.top, computeValue: {d in
                        let result = height
                        if platform == self.platforms.first! {
                            height = 0 // last item
                        }
                        return result
                    })
            }
        }
    }

    func item(for text: String) -> some View {
        Text(text)
            .padding(.all, 5)
            .font(.body)
            .background(Color.blue)
            .foregroundColor(Color.white)
            .cornerRadius(5)
    }
}

结果: 在此输入图片描述

1
为什么视图中平台的顺序会改变？ - mattom
1
任天堂处于最后一位。 - mattom
1
这个实现有一些 bug。如果数组包含三个项，它只显示其中的两个。我不确定是因为项的数量还是宽度，但这绝对是一个问题。 - David Vincent Gagne
如果你尝试使用数组 [games, bananas, college football]，例如，由于某种原因，“bananas” 不会被显示。 - David Vincent Gagne
7

我根据robhasacamera（先前从Asperi那里适应）的解决方案对其进行了改编，使其可以在不同的包中使用。例如，我的包仅用于助手和视图扩展。

import SwiftUI

public struct WrappedHStack<Data, V>: View where Data: RandomAccessCollection, V: View {
    
    // MARK: - Properties
    public typealias ViewGenerator = (Data.Element) -> V
    
    private var models: Data
    private var horizontalSpacing: CGFloat
    private var verticalSpacing: CGFloat
    private var variant: WrappedHStackVariant
    private var viewGenerator: ViewGenerator
    
    @State private var totalHeight: CGFloat
    
    public init(_ models: Data, horizontalSpacing: CGFloat = 4, verticalSpacing: CGFloat = 4,
                variant: WrappedHStackVariant = .lists, @ViewBuilder viewGenerator: @escaping ViewGenerator) {
        self.models = models
        self.horizontalSpacing = horizontalSpacing
        self.verticalSpacing = verticalSpacing
        self.variant = variant
        _totalHeight = variant == .lists ? State<CGFloat>(initialValue: CGFloat.zero) : State<CGFloat>(initialValue: CGFloat.infinity)
        self.viewGenerator = viewGenerator
    }
    
    // MARK: - Views
    public var body: some View {
        VStack {
            GeometryReader { geometry in
                self.generateContent(in: geometry)
            }
        }.modifier(FrameViewModifier(variant: self.variant, totalHeight: $totalHeight))
    }
    
    private func generateContent(in geometry: GeometryProxy) -> some View {
        var width = CGFloat.zero
        var height = CGFloat.zero
        
        return ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
            ForEach(0..<self.models.count, id: \.self) { index in
                let idx = self.models.index(self.models.startIndex, offsetBy: index)
                viewGenerator(self.models[idx])
                    .padding(.horizontal, horizontalSpacing)
                    .padding(.vertical, verticalSpacing)
                    .alignmentGuide(.leading, computeValue: { dimension in
                        if abs(width - dimension.width) > geometry.size.width {
                            width = 0
                            height -= dimension.height
                        }
                        let result = width
                        
                        if index == (self.models.count - 1) {
                            width = 0 // last item
                        } else {
                            width -= dimension.width
                        }
                        return result
                    })
                    .alignmentGuide(.top, computeValue: {_ in
                        let result = height
                        if index == (self.models.count - 1) {
                            height = 0 // last item
                        }
                        return result
                    })
            }
        }.background(viewHeightReader($totalHeight))
    }
}

public func viewHeightReader(_ binding: Binding<CGFloat>) -> some View {
    return GeometryReader { geometry -> Color in
        let rect = geometry.frame(in: .local)
        DispatchQueue.main.async {
            binding.wrappedValue = rect.size.height
        }
        return .clear
    }
}

public enum WrappedHStackVariant {
    case lists // ScrollView/List/LazyVStack
    case stacks // VStack/ZStack
}

internal struct FrameViewModifier: ViewModifier {
    
    var variant: WrappedHStackVariant
    @Binding var totalHeight: CGFloat
    
    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
        if variant == .lists {
            content
                .frame(height: totalHeight)
        } else {
            content
                .frame(maxHeight: totalHeight)
        }
    }
}

此外，在viewGenerator之前添加@ViewBuilder注释，可以让我们像这样使用它：
 var body: some View {
    WrappedHStack(self.models, id: \.self) { model in
      YourViewHere(model: model)
    }
 }
1
这对我非常有效，感谢您还演示了它的使用。 - procterw
1

您可以使用“fixedSize”在一个或两个方向上包装内容：

  .fixedSize(horizontal: true, vertical: true)
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