SciPy插值ValueError：沿插值轴，x和y数组的长度必须相等

Question

我正在尝试使用SciPy.interpolate中的interp1d。我“插入”了两个数组（filtered_mass和integrated_column），它们大小相同，但仍然出现ValueError，提示数组的大小必须相等。这怎么可能呢？

以下是我在此部分使用的代码：

def interp_integrated_column(self, definition):
    '''  (string) -> interpolated_function(mass)
    This functions output the interpolated value of the integrated columns
    as function of the mass of the WIMP (mDM)
    '''
    print self.filtered_mass_array
    print "len(filtered_mass)", len(self.filtered_mass_array) , "len(integrated_column)", len(self.integrated_columns_values[definition])
    print self.integrated_columns_values[definition]
    interpolated_values = interp1d(self.filtered_mass_array, self.integrated_columns_values[definition])
    return interpolated_values

这是错误信息：

[5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0, 100.0, 110.0, 120.0, 130.0, 140.0, 150.0, 160.0, 180.0, 200.0, 220.0, 240.0, 260.0, 280.0, 300.0, 330.0, 360.0, 400.0, 450.0, 500.0, 550.0, 600.0, 650.0, 700.0, 750.0, 800.0, 900.0, 1000.0, 1100.0, 1200.0, 1300.0, 1500.0, 1700.0, 2000.0, 2500.0, 3000.0, 4000.0, 5000.0, 6000.0, 7000.0, 8000.0, 9000.0, 10000.0, 12000.0, 15000.0, 20000.0, 30000.0, 50000.0, 100000.0]
len(filtered_mass) 62 len(integrated_column) 62
[[2.8855960615102004e-05], [4.0701386519793902e-05], [6.6563800907013242e-05], [0.0001006393622421269], [0.00019862657113084296], [0.00032843266928887332], [0.00046438711039847576], [0.00060420820026262198], [0.00091858847275374405], [0.0012828446411529174], [0.0016307748004155418], [0.0020049092489578773], [0.0023859804990953733], [0.0027809435562397089], [0.0031914945950108709], [0.0036198713189993367], [0.004049356593219729], [0.058652386100581579], [0.080971818217450073], [0.10330986231789899], [0.13710341994459613], [0.20188314005754618], [0.2891914189026335], [0.37721295733783522], [0.47493929411417846], [0.57539389630897464], [0.70805980165022075], [0.85872215884312952], [1.0664252638663609], [1.2783399280844934], [1.564710616680836], [2.0375181832882485], [2.5037792909103884], [2.9693614352642328], [3.4461139299681416], [3.9753240755452568], [4.5112890074931942], [5.0575238552577968], [5.6116617190278557], [6.75034712149598], [7.9290625424458492], [9.1455816114675219], [10.393026346405367], [14.442148067840661], [18.539929482157905], [22.594593494117799], [28.852213268263831], [39.804824036584456], [51.348027754488449], [83.695041150108111], [118.92653801185628], [155.17895505284363], [192.83930746140334], [231.78928736553948], [271.95372644243321], [313.16712050353419], [398.50142684880342], [532.55760945531256], [768.84170621340957], [1276.9057251660611], [2387.368055624514], [5476.4080305101643]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "data_mining.py", line 8, in <module>
    e_int = nu_e.interp_integrated_column('e')
  File "/home/ohm/projects/mucalc/PPPC4DMID_Reader.py", line 121, in interp_integrated_column
    interpolated_values = interp1d(self.filtered_mass_array, self.integrated_columns_values[definition])
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpolate.py", line 278, in __init__
    raise ValueError("x and y arrays must be equal in length along "
ValueError: x and y arrays must be equal in length along interpolation axis.

- Ohm

---

在插值轴上，x和y数组的长度是多少？ - mhlester

它们是NumPy数组吗？如果是，它们的形状相同吗？ - M4rtini

您不必使用numpy数组。例如，interp1d([1,2,3], [9,8,8])可以正常工作。您确定列表self.filtered_mass_array和self.integrated_columns_values[definition]仅包含数字吗？在调用interp1d之前，请通过打印它们来查看。 - Warren Weckesser

请将输入数据作为Python代码和函数调用添加。这样我们就能够重现您的问题并希望解决它。 - YXD

我已经添加了用于插值和打印两个列表的函数。 - Ohm

Answer 1

你的两个列表长度都为62，但是它们被解释为numpy数组时有不同的形状：

>>> a = [5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0, 100.0, 110.0, 120.0, 130.0, 140.0, 150.0, 160.0, 180.0, 200.0, 220.0, 240.0, 260.0, 280.0, 300.0, 330.0, 360.0, 400.0, 450.0, 500.0, 550.0, 600.0, 650.0, 700.0, 750.0, 800.0, 900.0, 1000.0, 1100.0, 1200.0, 1300.0, 1500.0, 1700.0, 2000.0, 2500.0, 3000.0, 4000.0, 5000.0, 6000.0, 7000.0, 8000.0, 9000.0, 10000.0, 12000.0, 15000.0, 20000.0, 30000.0, 50000.0, 100000.0]
>>> b = [[2.8855960615102004e-05], [4.0701386519793902e-05], [6.6563800907013242e-05], [0.0001006393622421269], [0.00019862657113084296], [0.00032843266928887332], [0.00046438711039847576], [0.00060420820026262198], [0.00091858847275374405], [0.0012828446411529174], [0.0016307748004155418], [0.0020049092489578773], [0.0023859804990953733], [0.0027809435562397089], [0.0031914945950108709], [0.0036198713189993367], [0.004049356593219729], [0.058652386100581579], [0.080971818217450073], [0.10330986231789899], [0.13710341994459613], [0.20188314005754618], [0.2891914189026335], [0.37721295733783522], [0.47493929411417846], [0.57539389630897464], [0.70805980165022075], [0.85872215884312952], [1.0664252638663609], [1.2783399280844934], [1.564710616680836], [2.0375181832882485], [2.5037792909103884], [2.9693614352642328], [3.4461139299681416], [3.9753240755452568], [4.5112890074931942], [5.0575238552577968], [5.6116617190278557], [6.75034712149598], [7.9290625424458492], [9.1455816114675219], [10.393026346405367], [14.442148067840661], [18.539929482157905], [22.594593494117799], [28.852213268263831], [39.804824036584456], [51.348027754488449], [83.695041150108111], [118.92653801185628], [155.17895505284363], [192.83930746140334], [231.78928736553948], [271.95372644243321], [313.16712050353419], [398.50142684880342], [532.55760945531256], [768.84170621340957], [1276.9057251660611], [2387.368055624514], [5476.4080305101643]]
>>> np.asarray(a).shape
(62,)
>>> np.asarray(b).shape
(62, 1)

您需要将第二个数组变成一维数组，而不是二维数组。在numpy中有大约一千万亿种方法可以做到这一点，但其中一种方法是使用.squeeze()，它可以删除单维度的轴：

>>> a = np.asarray(a)
>>> b = np.asarray(b).squeeze()
>>> b.shape
(62,)

之后:

>>> from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
>>> i = interp1d(a,b)
>>> i(2123)
array(31.546555517270704)

- DSM