缩小绘图宽度以为ggrepel标签腾出更多空间。

Question

缩小绘图宽度以为ggrepel标签腾出更多空间。

rggplot2knitrggrepel

5

我想缩小绘图区域，以便为当前被截断的ggrepel标签腾出更多空间。我似乎无法通过nudge_x()进一步偏移标签，也不想缩小文本大小。

我正在尝试找到一种压缩图表的方法，使得所有组都靠近中心，留下更多空间放置在x轴两端的标签。

具体来说，我正在尝试将此图嵌入纵向PDF中。我尝试在代码块选项中控制fig.width，但这只会使整个图表变小。

我希望在纵向页面上最大化宽度，但相对于标签区域缩小绘图区域。

---
title             : "The title"
shorttitle        : "Title"

author: 
  - name          : "Me"
    affiliation   : "1"
    corresponding : yes    # Define only one corresponding author
    address       : "Address"
    email         : "email"

affiliation:
  - id            : "1"
    institution   : "Company"

authornote: |
  Note here

abstract: |
  Abstract here.


floatsintext      : yes
figurelist        : no
tablelist         : no
footnotelist      : no
linenumbers       : no
mask              : no
draft             : no
note              : "\\clearpage"

documentclass     : "apa6"
classoption       : "man,noextraspace"
header-includes:
  - \usepackage{pdfpages}
  - \usepackage{setspace}
  - \AtBeginEnvironment{tabular}{\singlespacing}
  - \makeatletter\let\expandableinput\@@input\makeatother
  - \interfootnotelinepenalty=10000
  - \usepackage{float} #use the 'float' package
  - \floatplacement{figure}{H} #make every figure with caption = h
  - \raggedbottom
output            : papaja::apa6_pdf
---


```{r test, fig.cap="Caption.", fig.height=8, include=TRUE, echo=FALSE}
library("papaja")
library(tidyverse)
library(ggrepel)

ageGenderF <- structure(list(genAge = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 
4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 
4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 
4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 
4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L), .Label = c("Women, 15-19", 
"Women, 20-24", "Women, 25-35", "Women, 36+"), class = "factor"), 
    word_ = c("this is label 2", "this is label 3", "this is label 4", 
    "this is label 1", "this is label 7", "this is label 5", 
    "this is label 8", "this is label 10", "this is label 11", 
    "this is label 20", "this is label 12", "this is label 6", 
    "this is label 17", "this is label 9", "this is label 15", 
    "this is label 21", "this is label 31", "this is label 25", 
    "this is label 26", "this is label 19", "this is label 24", 
    "this is label 28", "this is label 29", "this is label 30", 
    "this is label 14", "this is label 22", "this is label 18", 
    "this is label 54", "this is label 32", "this is label 44", 
    "this is label 52", "this is label 34", "this is label 59", 
    "this is label 48", "this is label 23", "this is label 47", 
    "this is label 38", "this is label 35", "this is label 61", 
    "this is label 56", "this is label 39", "this is label 72", 
    "this is label 42", "this is label 16", "this is label 66", 
    "this is label 37", "this is label 51", "this is label 27", 
    "this is label 40", "this is label 73", "this is label 60", 
    "this is label 113", "this is label 50", "this is label 45", 
    "this is label 81", "this is label 84", "this is label 53", 
    "this is label 49", "this is label 67", "this is label 68", 
    "this is label 46", "this is label 65", "this is label 41", 
    "this is label 57", "this is label 1", "this is label 2", 
    "this is label 3", "this is label 4", "this is label 5", 
    "this is label 6", "this is label 7", "this is label 8", 
    "this is label 9", "this is label 10", "this is label 11", 
    "this is label 12", "this is label 13", "this is label 14", 
    "this is label 15", "this is label 16", "this is label 17", 
    "this is label 18", "this is label 19", "this is label 20", 
    "this is label 21", "this is label 22", "this is label 23", 
    "this is label 24", "this is label 25", "this is label 26", 
    "this is label 27", "this is label 28", "this is label 29", 
    "this is label 30", "this is label 31", "this is label 32", 
    "this is label 33", "this is label 34", "this is label 35", 
    "this is label 36", "this is label 37", "this is label 38", 
    "this is label 39", "this is label 40", "this is label 41", 
    "this is label 42", "this is label 43", "this is label 44", 
    "this is label 45", "this is label 46", "this is label 47", 
    "this is label 48", "this is label 49", "this is label 50", 
    "this is label 51", "this is label 52", "this is label 53", 
    "this is label 54", "this is label 55", "this is label 56", 
    "this is label 57", "this is label 58", "this is label 59", 
    "this is label 60", "this is label 61", "this is label 62", 
    "this is label 63", "this is label 64", "this is label 1", 
    "this is label 2", "this is label 3", "this is label 6", 
    "this is label 4", "this is label 5", "this is label 12", 
    "this is label 7", "this is label 8", "this is label 9", 
    "this is label 10", "this is label 14", "this is label 11", 
    "this is label 18", "this is label 29", "this is label 45", 
    "this is label 27", "this is label 15", "this is label 26", 
    "this is label 71", "this is label 37", "this is label 13", 
    "this is label 25", "this is label 23", "this is label 22", 
    "this is label 41", "this is label 42", "this is label 55", 
    "this is label 52", "this is label 36", "this is label 34", 
    "this is label 17", "this is label 63", "this is label 24", 
    "this is label 19", "this is label 28", "this is label 38", 
    "this is label 32", "this is label 21", "this is label 30", 
    "this is label 35", "this is label 16", "this is label 64", 
    "this is label 20", "this is label 31", "this is label 53", 
    "this is label 77", "this is label 39", "this is label 70", 
    "this is label 57", "this is label 48", "this is label 43", 
    "this is label 132", "this is label 51", "this is label 66", 
    "this is label 58", "this is label 85", "this is label 120", 
    "this is label 65", "this is label 40", "this is label 121", 
    "this is label 78", "this is label 59", "this is label 141", 
    "this is label 1", "this is label 12", "this is label 6", 
    "this is label 2", "this is label 3", "this is label 5", 
    "this is label 4", "this is label 45", "this is label 52", 
    "this is label 26", "this is label 77", "this is label 8", 
    "this is label 7", "this is label 10", "this is label 14", 
    "this is label 31", "this is label 59", "this is label 178", 
    "this is label 18", "this is label 27", "this is label 42", 
    "this is label 70", "this is label 29", "this is label 37", 
    "this is label 330", "this is label 78", "this is label 25", 
    "this is label 34", "this is label 21", "this is label 450", 
    "this is label 83", "this is label 185", "this is label 57", 
    "this is label 16", "this is label 50", "this is label 126", 
    "this is label 895", "this is label 63", "this is label 402", 
    "this is label 19", "this is label 724", "this is label 40", 
    "this is label 11", "this is label 43", "this is label 758", 
    "this is label 1099", "this is label 73", "this is label 62", 
    "this is label 46", "this is label 183", "this is label 819", 
    "this is label 295", "this is label 1100", "this is label 17", 
    "this is label 282", "this is label 153", "this is label 1101", 
    "this is label 41", "this is label 1102", "this is label 446", 
    "this is label 216", "this is label 13", "this is label 109", 
    "this is label 20"), n = c(774L, 635L, 618L, 495L, 329L, 
    284L, 259L, 217L, 197L, 181L, 163L, 163L, 162L, 160L, 138L, 
    124L, 114L, 112L, 110L, 107L, 99L, 98L, 97L, 92L, 85L, 84L, 
    84L, 78L, 74L, 72L, 68L, 67L, 66L, 66L, 65L, 60L, 60L, 60L, 
    58L, 57L, 55L, 51L, 51L, 51L, 50L, 50L, 48L, 47L, 47L, 46L, 
    46L, 44L, 44L, 44L, 43L, 43L, 43L, 43L, 42L, 41L, 41L, 41L, 
    41L, 41L, 1568L, 1366L, 1220L, 1012L, 687L, 682L, 633L, 516L, 
    464L, 374L, 372L, 326L, 326L, 304L, 293L, 292L, 274L, 261L, 
    259L, 257L, 236L, 232L, 229L, 223L, 223L, 221L, 221L, 213L, 
    210L, 205L, 198L, 191L, 189L, 167L, 165L, 164L, 146L, 142L, 
    140L, 140L, 139L, 136L, 134L, 129L, 122L, 121L, 115L, 115L, 
    115L, 113L, 112L, 110L, 110L, 109L, 107L, 104L, 103L, 102L, 
    99L, 99L, 99L, 97L, 96L, 93L, 426L, 332L, 310L, 290L, 197L, 
    166L, 147L, 134L, 125L, 113L, 105L, 104L, 97L, 83L, 78L, 
    77L, 77L, 74L, 69L, 69L, 69L, 69L, 68L, 61L, 61L, 59L, 59L, 
    58L, 58L, 58L, 57L, 57L, 56L, 54L, 51L, 48L, 47L, 46L, 43L, 
    42L, 38L, 38L, 36L, 34L, 34L, 33L, 32L, 32L, 32L, 32L, 31L, 
    29L, 29L, 28L, 28L, 27L, 27L, 27L, 27L, 27L, 26L, 26L, 25L, 
    24L, 37L, 26L, 26L, 20L, 19L, 18L, 17L, 15L, 14L, 12L, 12L, 
    12L, 12L, 12L, 11L, 10L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 8L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 
    7L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 
    5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 
    4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 3L), rank = c(1L, 2L, 
    3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, 
    16L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 20L, 21L, 22L, 23L, 24L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 
    28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L, 34L, 35L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 
    40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 45L, 46L, 47L, 48L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 
    52L, 53L, 54L, 55L, 56L, 57L, 58L, 59L, 60L, 61L, 62L, 63L, 
    64L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L, 
    14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 20L, 21L, 22L, 23L, 24L, 25L, 
    26L, 27L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L, 34L, 35L, 36L, 37L, 
    38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 45L, 46L, 47L, 48L, 49L, 
    50L, 51L, 52L, 53L, 54L, 55L, 56L, 57L, 58L, 59L, 60L, 61L, 
    62L, 63L, 64L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 11L, 
    12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 20L, 21L, 22L, 23L, 
    24L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L, 34L, 35L, 
    36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 45L, 46L, 47L, 
    48L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 52L, 53L, 54L, 55L, 56L, 57L, 58L, 59L, 
    60L, 61L, 62L, 63L, 64L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 
    9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 20L, 
    21L, 22L, 23L, 24L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 
    33L, 34L, 35L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 
    45L, 46L, 47L, 48L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 52L, 53L, 54L, 55L, 56L, 
    57L, 58L, 59L, 60L, 61L, 62L, 63L, 64L)), class = c("grouped_df", 
"tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, -256L), groups = structure(list(
    genAge = structure(1:4, .Label = c("Women, 15-19", "Women, 20-24", 
    "Women, 25-35", "Women, 36+"), class = "factor"), .rows = list(
        1:64, 65:128, 129:192, 193:256)), row.names = c(NA, -4L
), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), .drop = TRUE))

ageGenderFLow <- 
  ageGenderF %>%
  filter(genAge=="Women, 15-19") %>%
  filter(rank<=10)

ageGenderFHigh <- 
  ageGenderF %>%
  filter(genAge=="Women, 36+") %>%
  filter(rank<=10)

ageGenderF_ <-
  ageGenderF %>%
  filter(word_ %in% ageGenderFLow$word_ |
         word_ %in% ageGenderFHigh$word_)

# get rank order of words for low set
ageGenderFLowRank <- 
  ageGenderF_ %>%
  filter(genAge=="Women, 15-19") %>%
  arrange(rank) %>%
  mutate(order = 1:n()) 

ageGenderF_ %>%
  mutate(word = factor(word_, ordered=TRUE, levels=ageGenderFLowRank$word_)) %>%
  # https://ibecav.github.io/slopegraph/
  ggplot(., aes(x = genAge, y = reorder(rank, -rank), group = word_)) +
  geom_line(aes(color = word_, alpha = 1), size = 1.5) +
  #geom_line(size = 0.5, color="lightgrey") +
  geom_text_repel(data = . %>% filter(genAge == "Women, 15-19"), 
                  aes(label = word) , 
                  hjust = "left", 
                  #fontface = "bold", 
                  size = 3, 
                  nudge_x = -3, 
                  direction = "y") +
  geom_text_repel(data = . %>% filter(genAge == "Women, 36+"), 
                  aes(label = word) , 
                  hjust = "right", 
                  #fontface = "bold", 
                  size = 3, 
                  nudge_x = 3, 
                  direction = "y") +
  geom_label(aes(label = rank), 
             size = 2.5, 
             label.padding = unit(0.15, "lines"), 
             label.size = 0.0) +
  scale_x_discrete(position = "top") +
  theme_bw() +
  # Remove the legend
  theme(legend.position = "none") +
  # Remove the panel border
  theme(panel.border     = element_blank()) +
  # Remove just about everything from the y axis
  theme(axis.title.y     = element_blank()) +
  theme(axis.text.y      = element_blank()) +
  theme(panel.grid.major.y = element_blank()) +
  theme(panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank()) +
  # Remove a few things from the x axis and increase font size
  theme(axis.title.x     = element_blank()) +
  theme(panel.grid.major.x = element_blank()) +
  theme(axis.text.x.top      = element_text(size=10)) +
  # Remove x & y tick marks
  theme(axis.ticks       = element_blank()) +
  # Format title & subtitle
  theme(plot.title       = element_text(size=10, face = "bold", hjust = 0.5)) +
  theme(plot.subtitle    = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
```

- Eric Green

在我的看法中，将 plot.margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 0) 添加到 theme() 中只是在你的示例中挤压了标签。这样做是否有帮助？ - aosmith

谢谢，@aosmith。在这个玩具示例中是可以的，但在我的实际示例中标签更长，这就不够了。 - Eric Green

你认为改变方法，使用当前文本标签作为y轴刻度标签（右侧有辅助轴）怎么样？这样可以保留绘图周围需要的文本空间，而不会裁剪任何内容。（这也引出了另一个问题，关于如何将“rank”视为因子，各级别之间具有相等间距；这是否应该是数字的替代方案？） - aosmith

那么，女性15-19岁组和女性36岁以上组的y轴标签将是按等级排列的单词，是吗？我需要研究一下如何做到这一点，但这可能是一个不错的解决方案。我对等级因子与数字上的权衡来回思考，我认为我更喜欢等级因子。 - Eric Green

1

好的，经过所有这些，我认为你需要解决原始问题的方法是增加scale_x_discrete()中expand的默认值。这将在x方向上“扩展”图形的边缘/缩小图形的中心，为标签留出更多空间。例如，可以使用expand = expand_scale(add = .7)。 - aosmith

很好了解，@aosmith！ - Eric Green

2个回答

0

一种选择是将您的图形保存为一个对象（p），然后使用egg包中的set_panel_size参数来明确设置面板的高度和宽度（就像this answer中所做的那样）。类似这样的代码可以让您接近目标：

library(egg)
library(grid)

p2 <- set_panel_size(p, width=unit(7,"in"), height=unit(10, "in"))

grid.draw(p2)

- phalteman

谢谢，@phalteman。在set_panel_size()中，width似乎会缩小整个图形，包括标签。它们似乎是一起移动的。我可能没有正确实现。将继续研究这种方法。 - Eric Green

网页内容由stack overflow 提供, 点击上面的

可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- aosmith · Accepted Answer

如果您愿意改变方法，您可以进行重大转变，并将您正在使用作为标签的文本用作轴标签。您可以利用次要轴为绘图的每一侧进行单独的标签，这样事情看起来很像您现在正在做的事情。

我看到的优点是文本适合，因为它现在是轴的一部分。

首先，以下是一个使用rank作为因子的示例。您必须通过as.numeric（）将因子变成数字形式，以获得重复轴（到目前为止，离散轴没有次要轴）。然后需要完成一些工作，以获得每侧轴的中断和标签，因此我将数据操作移动到第二步（并使 rank2 成为重新排序的因子，以便稍后更容易进行breaks）。

还请注意在scale_x_discrete（）中使用的expand，以从面板区域的边缘删除空间。

ageGenderF_ = ageGenderF_ %>%
    ungroup() %>%
    mutate(word = factor(word_, ordered = TRUE, levels = ageGenderFLowRank$word_),
           rank2 = reorder(rank, -rank) )

ageGenderF_ %>%
    # https://ibecav.github.io/slopegraph/
    ggplot(., aes(x = genAge, y = as.numeric(rank2), group = word_)) +
    geom_line(aes(color = word_, alpha = 1), size = 1.5) +
    geom_label(aes(label = rank), 
           size = 2.5, 
           label.padding = unit(0.15, "lines"), 
           label.size = 0.0) +
    scale_x_discrete(position = "top", expand = c(0, .05) ) +
    scale_y_continuous(breaks = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 15-19") %>% pull(rank2) %>% as.numeric(), 
                    labels = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 15-19") %>% pull(word),
                    sec.axis = dup_axis(~., 
                                        breaks = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 36+") %>% pull(rank2) %>% as.numeric(), 
                                        labels = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 36+") %>% pull(word) ) ) +
    theme_bw() +
    # Remove the legend
    theme(legend.position = "none",
          # Remove the panel border
          panel.border     = element_blank(),
          # Remove just about everything from the y axis
          axis.title.y     = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.major.y = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank(),
          # Remove a few things from the x axis and increase font size
          axis.title.x     = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x.top      = element_text(size=10),
          # Remove x & y tick marks
          axis.ticks       = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks.length = unit(0, "cm"),
          # Format title & subtitle
          plot.title       = element_text(size=10, face = "bold", hjust = 0.5),
          plot.subtitle    = element_text(hjust = 0.5) )

从一个简单的 r markdown 文档来看，这与你提供的示例类似（虽然不完全相同）：

使用数字类型的 rank，你可以通过使用 scale_y_reverse() 来翻转 y 轴，做完全相同的事情。

ageGenderF_ = ageGenderF_ %>%
    ungroup() %>%
    mutate(word = factor(word_, ordered = TRUE, levels = ageGenderFLowRank$word_))

ageGenderF_ %>%
    # https://ibecav.github.io/slopegraph/
    ggplot(., aes(x = genAge, y = rank, group = word_)) +
    geom_line(aes(color = word_, alpha = 1), size = 1.5) +
    geom_label(aes(label = rank), 
               size = 2.5, 
               label.padding = unit(0.15, "lines"), 
               label.size = 0.0) +
    scale_x_discrete(position = "top", expand = c(0, .05) ) +
    scale_y_reverse(breaks = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 15-19") %>% pull(rank), 
                    labels = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 15-19") %>% pull(word),
                    sec.axis = dup_axis(~., 
                                        breaks = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 36+") %>% pull(rank), 
                                        labels = filter(ageGenderF_, genAge == "Women, 36+") %>% pull(word) ) ) +
    theme_bw() +
    # Remove the legend
    theme(legend.position = "none",
          # Remove the panel border
          panel.border     = element_blank(),
          # Remove just about everything from the y axis
          axis.title.y     = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.major.y = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank(),
          # Remove a few things from the x axis and increase font size
          axis.title.x     = element_blank(),
          panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x.top      = element_text(size=10),
          # Remove x & y tick marks
          axis.ticks       = element_blank(),
          axis.ticks.length = unit(0, "cm"),
          # Format title & subtitle
          plot.title       = element_text(size=10, face = "bold", hjust = 0.5),
          plot.subtitle    = element_text(hjust = 0.5) )