使用Python进行图像裁剪

Question

我是Python编程的新手，正在编写一个程序，在其中将裁剪输入的图像，然后将其保存在某个位置。现在，我能够使用PIL和pygame的组合来完成这项工作。但问题在于，当我从打开的pygame窗口中选择图像时，选择区域完全不透明，我无法透过所选区域看到下面的内容。这给我的老板带来了问题，他希望在选择时能够看到下面的内容。为了让大家更好地理解问题，我在这里写出了我的代码：

import pygame, sys 
from PIL import Image 

pygame.init()

def displayImage( screen, px, topleft):
     screen.blit(px, px.get_rect())
     if topleft:
         pygame.draw.rect( screen, (128,128,128), pygame.Rect(topleft[0], topleft[1], pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0] - topleft[0], pygame.mouse.get_pos()[1] - topleft[1]))
     pygame.display.flip()  

def setup(path):
     px = pygame.image.load(path)
     screen = pygame.display.set_mode( px.get_rect()[2:] )
     screen.blit(px, px.get_rect())
     pygame.display.flip()
     return screen, px

def mainLoop(screen, px):
     topleft = None
     bottomright = None
     n=0
     while n!=1:
         for event in pygame.event.get():
             if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                 if not topleft:
                     topleft = event.pos
                 else:
                     bottomright = event.pos
                     n=1
         displayImage(screen, px, topleft)
     return ( topleft + bottomright )

if __name__ == "__main__":
     input_loc="C:\pic1.PNG"
     output_loc="C:\pic2.PNG"
     screen, px = setup(input_loc)
     left, upper, right, lower = mainLoop(screen, px)
     im = Image.open(input_loc)
     im = im.crop(( left, upper, right, lower))
     pygame.display.quit()
     im.save(output_loc)

非常感谢您的帮助。顺祝商祺。

- Arnab Ghosal

Answer 1

我快速查看了一下，并在此过程中修复了其他一些问题。基本上我的更改做到了以下几点：

• 在临时图像上绘制边界框，设置其透明度，然后将其覆盖在主图像之上。
• 避免不必要的绘制周期（当鼠标未移动时，没有必要再次绘制相同的图像）。
• 确保宽度和高度始终为正数。如果通过向左或向上拖动鼠标来绘制矩形，则您的代码最终会得到负宽度和/或高度，在尝试写入最终图像时引发异常。

这是运行修复后的代码的截图：

我将代码分成两部分以避免滚动条：

import pygame, sys
from PIL import Image
pygame.init()

def displayImage(screen, px, topleft, prior):
    # ensure that the rect always has positive width, height
    x, y = topleft
    width =  pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0] - topleft[0]
    height = pygame.mouse.get_pos()[1] - topleft[1]
    if width < 0:
        x += width
        width = abs(width)
    if height < 0:
        y += height
        height = abs(height)

    # eliminate redundant drawing cycles (when mouse isn't moving)
    current = x, y, width, height
    if not (width and height):
        return current
    if current == prior:
        return current

    # draw transparent box and blit it onto canvas
    screen.blit(px, px.get_rect())
    im = pygame.Surface((width, height))
    im.fill((128, 128, 128))
    pygame.draw.rect(im, (32, 32, 32), im.get_rect(), 1)
    im.set_alpha(128)
    screen.blit(im, (x, y))
    pygame.display.flip()

    # return current box extents
    return (x, y, width, height)

请提供需要翻译的内容。

def setup(path):
    px = pygame.image.load(path)
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode( px.get_rect()[2:] )
    screen.blit(px, px.get_rect())
    pygame.display.flip()
    return screen, px

def mainLoop(screen, px):
    topleft = bottomright = prior = None
    n=0
    while n!=1:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                if not topleft:
                    topleft = event.pos
                else:
                    bottomright = event.pos
                    n=1
        if topleft:
            prior = displayImage(screen, px, topleft, prior)
    return ( topleft + bottomright )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    input_loc = 'stack.png'
    output_loc = 'out.png'
    screen, px = setup(input_loc)
    left, upper, right, lower = mainLoop(screen, px)

    # ensure output rect always has positive width, height
    if right < left:
        left, right = right, left
    if lower < upper:
        lower, upper = upper, lower
    im = Image.open(input_loc)
    im = im.crop(( left, upper, right, lower))
    pygame.display.quit()
    im.save(output_loc)

- samplebias

---

我还需要在矩形选择周围加上一条细边框。你能帮我吗？ - Arnab Ghosal

是的，在 fill() 之后你会使用 pygame.draw.rect() - 我已经相应地更新了答案。 - samplebias

我现在正在尝试增加图像的显示尺寸。目前，pygame 显示的大小与我使用的图片大小相同。我尝试的是操纵 px.get_rect()，以便我可以在缩放条件下显示图像，这样当用户选择感兴趣的区域时，他可以更准确地进行选择。这种方法是否正确？ - Arnab Ghosal

为了实现缩放效果，我更改了这两行代码：screen = pygame.display.set_mode((int(px.get_rect()[2]*1.2),int(px.get_rect()[3]*1.2)))screen.blit(px,(px.get_rect()[0],px.get_rect()[1],int(px.get_rect()[2]*1.2),int(px.get_rect()[3]*1.2)))但是它仍然没有给我一个缩放后的图像。 - Arnab Ghosal

我该如何在屏幕上拖动blit矩形？ - DanGoodrick

Answer 2

samplebias的回答对我非常有帮助。我在此基础上增加了缩放和平移功能，以适应我正在处理的大型图像。

import pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import K_a, K_s,K_w,K_d,K_LEFTBRACKET,K_RIGHTBRACKET

from PIL import Image
pygame.init()

BG_COLOR = (0,0,0)

def displayRect(screen, px, topleft, prior,pos,scale):
    # ensure that the rect always has positive width, height
    #topleft = [(val-pos[i])/scale for i,val in enumerate(topleft)]
    topleft = [(val/scale-pos[i]) for i,val in enumerate(topleft)]
    x, y = topleft
    bottomright = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
    width =  bottomright[0] - topleft[0]
    height = bottomright[1] - topleft[1]
    if width < 0:
        x += width
        width = abs(width)
    if height < 0:
        y += height
        height = abs(height)

    # eliminate redundant drawing cycles (when mouse isn't moving)

    current = x, y, width, height
    if not (width and height):
        return current
    if current == prior:
        return current

    # draw transparent box and blit it onto canvas
    rect = px.get_rect()
    px = pygame.transform.scale(px,[rect.width/scale, rect.height/scale])
    screen.blit(px, (rect[0]-pos[0],rect[1]-pos[1]))
    im = pygame.Surface((width, height))
    im.fill((128, 128, 128))
    pygame.draw.rect(im, (32, 32, 32), im.get_rect(), 1)
    im.set_alpha(128)
    screen.blit(im, (x, y))
    pygame.display.flip()

    # return current box extents
    return (x, y, width, height)

def setup(px):
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode( px.get_rect()[2:] )
    screen.blit(px, px.get_rect())
    pygame.display.flip()
    return screen, px

def move(pos,scale,px,screen):
    x,y = pos
    #print pos,x
    rect = px.get_rect()
    screen.fill(BG_COLOR)
    px = pygame.transform.scale(px,[rect.width/scale, rect.height/scale])
    screen.blit(px, (rect[0]-x,rect[1]-y))
    pygame.display.flip()
    #px.rect.topleft = pr.rect.topleft[0] - x, 

def mainLoop(screen, px, filelist):
    topleft = bottomright = prior = None
    n=0
    scale = 1
    pos = [0,0]
    while n!=1:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                if not topleft:
                    topleft = [(val+pos[i])*scale for i,val in enumerate(event.pos)]
                    print "tr: ",topleft
                else:
                    bottomright = [(val+pos[i])*scale for i,val in enumerate(event.pos)]
                    print "br: ",bottomright
                    n=1

            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == K_a:
                pos = [pos[0]-200,pos[1]]
                move(pos,scale,px,screen)
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == K_d:
                pos = [pos[0]+200,pos[1]]
                move(pos,scale,px,screen)
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == K_w:
                pos = [pos[0],pos[1]-200]
                move(pos,scale,px,screen)
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == K_s:
                pos = [pos[0],pos[1]+200]
                move(pos,scale,px,screen)


            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == K_RIGHTBRACKET:
                scale = scale/1.25
                move(pos,scale,px,screen)
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == K_LEFTBRACKET:
                scale = scale*1.25
                move(pos,scale,px,screen)


        if topleft:
            prior = displayRect(screen, px, topleft, prior,pos,scale)

    return ( topleft + bottomright )

请使用提供的main函数samplebias。

感谢Stack Overflow！

- Permafacture