我需要帮助将系统命令的输出（stdin和stdout）发送到bash函数中，同时仍然接受来自参数的输入。就像以下示例一样。有人能给我指点一下正确的方向吗？
LogMsg()
{
DateTime=`date "+%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"`
echo '*****'$DateTime' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$1 >> "$LogFile"
echo $DateTime' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$1
}
# Already works
LogMsg "This statement is sent directly"
# Wish I could do this:
# Capture both stdout & stderr of a system function to the logfile
# I do not presume that any of the syntax that follows is good
make 2>&1 >(LogMsg)
你可以使用 Bash 内置命令 read来完成此操作：
LogMsg()
{
read IN # This reads a string from stdin and stores it in a variable called IN
DateTime=`date "+%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"`
echo '*****'$DateTime' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$IN >> "$LogFile"
echo $DateTime' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$IN
}
然后使用一个管道符：
make 2>&1 | LogMsg
更新：
根据chepner的评论，为了能够使用标准输入或参数作为输入，您可以这样做：
LogMsg()
{
if [ -n "$1" ]
then
IN="$1"
else
read IN # This reads a string from stdin and stores it in a variable called IN
fi
DateTime=`date "+%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"`
echo '*****'$DateTime' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$IN >> "$LogFile"
echo $DateTime' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$IN
}
echo foo | LogMsg baz 吗？我一直无法想出一个可以处理其中一个或两个的解决方案。 - chepnerLogMsg " "。如果完全省略参数，则会挂起等待从 stdin 提供某些内容。 - Mark Berry这是一个旧的主题..但我用它来帮助我编写日志函数，该函数还将输出命令输出的多行：
# Defines function to grab a time stamp #
get_Time () { Time=$(date +%Y-%m-%d\ %H:%M:%S) ; }
write_Log()
{
get_Time
if [ -n "${1}" ]; then # If it's from a "<message>" then set it
IN="${1}"
echo "${Time} ${IN}" | tee -a ${log_File}
else
while read IN # If it is output from command then loop it
do
echo "${Time} ${IN}" | tee -a ${log_File}
done
fi
}
根据之前的回答，我整理了一些通用函数，可以与日志文件一起或单独使用，如本帖末尾所列。这些函数对于更复杂的脚本非常方便。我通常将终端窗口消息打印到stderr中，以不干扰可能需要重定向的合法程序输出。函数的调用方式如下：
scriptFolder=$(cd $(dirname "$0") && pwd)
scriptName=$(basename $scriptFolder)
# Start a log file that will be used by the logging functions
logFileStart ${scriptName} "${scriptFolder)/${scriptName}.log"
# The following logs the message string passed to the function.
# - use a space for empty lines because otherwise the logging function
# will hang waiting for input
logInfo " "
logInfo "Starting to do some work."
# The following will log each 'stdout` and `stderr` line piped to the function.
someOtherProgram 2>&1 | logInfo
Functions...
# Echo to stderr
echoStderr() {
# - if necessary, quote the string to be printed
# - redirect stdout from echo to stderr
echo "$@" 1>&2
# Or, use an alternate echo such one that colors textT
# ${echo2} "$@" 1>&2
}
# Print a DEBUG message
# - prints to stderr and optionally appends to log file if ${logFile} is defined globally
# - see logFileStart() to start a log file
# - call with parameters or pipe stdout and stderr to this function: 2>&1 | logDebug
# - print empty lines with a space " " to avoid hanging the program waiting on stdin input
logDebug() {
if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[DEBUG] $@" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[DEBUG] $@"
fi
else
while read inputLine; do
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[DEBUG] ${inputLine}" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[DEBUG] ${inputLine}"
fi
done
fi
}
# Print an ERROR message
# - prints to stderr and optionally appends to log file if ${logFile} is defined globally
# - see logFileStart() to start a log file
# - call with parameters or pipe stdout and stderr to this function: 2>&1 | logError
# - print empty lines with a space " " to avoid hanging the program waiting on stdin input
logError() {
if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[ERROR] $@" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[ERROR] $@"
fi
else
while read inputLine; do
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[ERROR] ${inputLine}" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[ERROR] ${inputLine}"
fi
done
fi
}
# Start a new logfile
# - name of program that is being run is the first argument
# - path to the logfile is the second argument
# - echo a line to the log file to (re)start
# - subsequent writes to the file using log*() functions will append
# - the global variable ${logFile} will be set for use by log*() functions
logFileStart() {
local newLogFile now programBeingLogged
programBeingLogged=$1
# Set the global logfile, in case it was not saved
if [ -n "${2}" ]; then
logFile=${2}
else
# Set the logFile to stderr if not specified, so it is handled somehow
logFile=/dev/stderr
fi
now=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
# Can't use logInfo because it only appends and want to restart the file
echo "Log file for ${programBeingLogged} started at ${now}" > ${logFile}
}
# Print an INFO message
# - prints to stderr and optionally appends to log file if ${logFile} is defined globally
# - see logFileStart() to start a log file
# - call with parameters or pipe stdout and stderr to this function: 2>&1 | logInfo
# - print empty lines with a space " " to avoid hanging the program waiting on stdin input
logInfo() {
if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[INFO] $@" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[INFO] $@"
fi
else
while read inputLine; do
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[INFO] ${inputLine}" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[INFO] ${inputLine}"
fi
done
fi
}
# Print an WARNING message
# - prints to stderr and optionally appends to log file if ${logFile} is defined globally
# - see logFileStart() to start a log file
# - call with parameters or pipe stdout and stderr to this function: 2>&1 | logWarning
# - print empty lines with a space " " to avoid hanging the program waiting on stdin input
logWarning() {
if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[WARNING] $@" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[WARNING] $@"
fi
else
while read inputLine; do
if [ -n "${logFile}" ]; then
# Are using a log file
echoStderr "[WARNING] ${inputLine}" 2>&1 | tee --append $logFile
else
# Are NOT using a log file
echoStderr "[WARNING] ${inputLine}"
fi
done
fi
}
_LOG='/some_dir/some_file'
function Log_Msg {
#If no arguments are given to function....
if [ -z "$@" ]; then
#...then take STDOUT/STDERR as input and write to log file
read && echo "$REPLY" | tee -a $_LOG \
else
#Take arguments that were given to function and write that to log file
echo "$@" | tee -a $_LOG
fi
}
#Logging from system commands example. The "|&" operator pipes STDOUT and STDERR to Log_Msg function
bad command |& Log_Msg
or
#Taking an argument as input and writing to log file
Log_Msg "Write this to log file"
#!/bin/bash
CURRENT_PID=$$
PROCESS_NAME=$(basename $0)
LOGFILE=/var/log/backup-monitor.log
function log_message {
if [ -n "$1" ]; then
MESSAGE="$1"
echo -e "$(date -Iseconds)\t$PROCESS_NAME\t$CURRENT_PID\t$MESSAGE" | tee -a $LOGFILE
else
MESSAGE=$(tee)
echo -e "$(date -Iseconds)\t$PROCESS_NAME\t$CURRENT_PID\t$MESSAGE" | tee -a $LOGFILE
fi
}
log_message "Direct arguments are working!!"
echo "stdin also working" | log_message
function log(){ read -t 0.1 IN1
echo $(date "+%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")' ('$QMAKESPEC'): '$IN1 $* |tee -a $LogFile ;}
#test without, with pipe , with pipe and parameters , with parameters only
log ; echo foo | log ; echo foo | log bar ; log bar
2015/01/01 16:52:17 ():
2015/01/01 16:52:17 (): foo
2015/01/01 16:52:17 (): foo bar
2015/01/01 16:52:17 (): bar
tee -a 将重复内容输出到标准输出并追加到 $LogFile 中
玩得开心！
有两种方法可以做到这一点，我认为第一种方法更好，那就是创建一个bash文件并将结果传递给它，像这样：
make 2>&1 > ./LogMsg
第二种方法是将结果作为参数传递给函数：
LogMsg $(make 2>&1)
LogMsg中（但它无法像现在这样从stdin读取）吗？你的第二个选项只会处理make的第一行输出，因为LogMsg只处理它的第一个参数。 - chepner
LogMsg的能力吗？ - chepnerLogMsg只在make完成后调用，而不是像一个假设的>(LogMsg)一样实时调用。 - pmiguelpinto