导入错误：找不到名为pyodbc的模块（Windows）

Question

Python 3.3已安装，pip已安装并且PATH路径设置正确：

C:\Python33\Scripts 

我已经下载了 visual c++ 2010，我需要更改任何配置或从 vc++ 添加 .bat 文件到 python 33 包中吗？

当我尝试安装 pyodbc 时，我得到以下提示：

C:\Users\elyon>pip install https://pyodbc.googlecode.com/files/pyodbc-3.0.7.zip Collecting https://pyodbc.googlecode.com/files/pyodbc-3.0.7.zip   Using cached https://pyodbc.googlecode.com/files/pyodbc-3.0.7.zip Installing collected packages: pyodbc   Running setup.py install for pyodbc
    building 'pyodbc' extension
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "c:\users\elyon\appdata\local\temp\pip-30p009-build\setup.py", lin e 288, in <module>
        main()
      File "c:\users\elyon\appdata\local\temp\pip-30p009-build\setup.py", lin e 108, in main
        setup(**kwargs)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 917, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \command\install.py", line 61, in run
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 569, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 126, in run
        self.run_command(cmd_name)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \command\build_ext.py", line 50, in run
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 347, in run
        self.build_extensions()
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 456, in build_ extensions
        self.build_extension(ext)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \command\build_ext.py", line 183, in build_extension
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 511, in build_ extension
        depends=ext.depends)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 460, in compile
        self.initialize()
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 371, in initialize

        vc_env = query_vcvarsall(VERSION, plat_spec)
      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \msvc9_support.py", line 52, in query_vcvarsall
      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 287, in query_vcva rsall
        raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))
    ValueError: ['path']
    Complete output from command C:\Python33\python.EXE -c "import setuptools, t okenize;__file__='c:\\users\\elyon\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-30p009-build\\s etup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace(' \r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record c:\users\elyon\appdata\loc al\temp\pip-v0vcs5-record\install-record.txt
--single-version-externally-managed  --compile:
    running install

    running build

    running build_ext

    building 'pyodbc' extension

    Traceback (most recent call last):

      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>

      File "c:\users\elyon\appdata\local\temp\pip-30p009-build\setup.py", lin e 288, in <module>

        main()

      File "c:\users\elyon\appdata\local\temp\pip-30p009-build\setup.py", lin e 108, in main

        setup(**kwargs)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup

        dist.run_commands()

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 917, in run_commands

        self.run_command(cmd)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command

        cmd_obj.run()

      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \command\install.py", line 61, in run

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 569, in run

        self.run_command('build')

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command

        self.distribution.run_command(command)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command

        cmd_obj.run()

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 126, in run

        self.run_command(cmd_name)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command

        self.distribution.run_command(command)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command

        cmd_obj.run()

      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \command\build_ext.py", line 50, in run

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 347, in run

        self.build_extensions()

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 456, in build_ extensions

        self.build_extension(ext)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \command\build_ext.py", line 183, in build_extension

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 511, in build_ extension

        depends=ext.depends)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 460, in compile

        self.initialize()

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 371, in initialize


        vc_env = query_vcvarsall(VERSION, plat_spec)

      File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\setuptools-12.0.3-py3.3.egg\setuptools \msvc9_support.py", line 52, in query_vcvarsall

      File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 287, in query_vcva rsall

        raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))

    ValueError: ['path']

    ----------------------------------------
    Command "C:\Python33\python.EXE -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c: \\users\\elyon\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-30p009-build\\setup.py';exec(compil e(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file
__, 'exec'))" install --record c:\users\elyon\appdata\local\temp\pip-v0vcs5-r ecord\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed
--compile" failed w ith error code 1 in 
c:\users\elyon\appdata\local\temp\pip-30p009-build

这是代码：

import pyodbc
print pyodbc.dataSources()
print "Connecting via ODBC"
conn = pyodbc.connect("DRIVER={Netezza};SERVER=netezza201;PORT=5480;DATABASE=Test;UID=CompanyUser;PWD=Password!;")
cursor = conn.cursor()

- elyon

---

你需要将Python脚本路径（其中安装了pip）添加到你的PATH环境变量中。 - Wolph

我在我的C盘看到了Python27和Python34包...我已经删除了其他的包...虽然在我的系统变量中它指向Python27和Python27/pip..但是当我删除其他的包后，仍然会得到“pip不是内部或外部命令”的错误提示。 - elyon

尝试使用此指南正确安装pip：https://dev59.com/Bm445IYBdhLWcg3wq8FY - Wolph

我已经编辑了我的问题，并添加了PATH变量和脚本文件夹的路径，但仍然出现错误（请参见更新的问题）。 - elyon

可能是无法安装pyodbc的重复问题。 - Gord Thompson

Answer 1

我在Python 2.7.9下使用SQLAlchemy时遇到了这个问题，解决方法是将pyodbc.egg文件解压到我的site-packages文件夹中。需要注意的是，我没有自己编译它，而是下载了二进制文件(pyodbc-3.0.7.win32-py2.7.exe)，然后使用easy_install pyodbc-3.0.7.win32-py2.7.exe进行安装。

P.S：您可以在此处找到更新的.whl类型的安装程序，您可以使用pip install [.whl文件]进行安装。这也可能有助于您安装pyodbc。

---

导航到当前虚拟环境的\Lib\site-packages文件夹（如果您没有使用虚拟环境，则在主Python安装文件夹下）。

将pyodbc-3.0.7-py2.7-win32.egg重命名为pyodbc-3.0.7-py2.7-win32.zip。

解压缩zip文件并直接放置在\Lib\site-packages文件夹中。

完成上述步骤后，pyodbc模块就可以被识别，SQLAlchemy也可以导入它。

- Erik Oosterwaal