导入错误：找不到模块名为'setuptools.build_meta'的模块。

Question

我遇到了麻烦 -- 在尝试安装一个包（在这种情况下是zipline）时，它无法找到setuptools.build_meta文件，但我确实在site-packages\setuptools目录中有这个文件。我太无知了，试图直接将此文件放入site-packages\pip_vendor\pep517中，但没有任何更改。我相信这很简单，但我没有看到它。任何帮助都将不胜感激！ 下面是追踪信息。

ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 186, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 331, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 177, in resolve
    discovered_reqs.extend(self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req))
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 333, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 282, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    abstract_dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(req)
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 516, in prepare_linked_requirement
    req, self.req_tracker, self.finder, self.build_isolation,
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 95, in _get_prepared_distribution
    abstract_dist.prepare_distribution_metadata(finder, build_isolation)
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\distributions\sdist.py", line 38, in prepare_distribution_metadata
    self._setup_isolation(finder)
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\distributions\sdist.py", line 96, in _setup_isolation
    reqs = backend.get_requires_for_build_wheel()
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\wrappers.py", line 152, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
    'config_settings': config_settings
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\wrappers.py", line 255, in _call_hook
    raise BackendUnavailable(data.get('traceback', ''))
pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers.BackendUnavailable: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\justjo\PycharmProjects\python35_venv\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py", line 63, in _build_backend
    obj = import_module(mod_path)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 985, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 968, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ImportError: No module named 'setuptools.build_meta'

- user3496060

---

这是pip 20版本、virtualenv和setuptools（甚至47版本）的已知bug。最简单的解决方案是将pip降级到19版本。:( 参考来源：https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/1694 - Tiina

Answer 1

对于遇到同样错误的人，我通过直接下载该软件包并删除pyproject.toml文件来解决此问题，然后在终端/cmd中cd path\setup.py并执行"pip install ."命令。

- user3496060

---

为了完整性...我也遇到了安装“tables”包的问题。在https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51842961/error-to-install-lib-tables-cant-find-hdf5-in-windows上的答案解决了这个问题。 - user3496060

Answer 2

我通过升级setuptools版本解决了这个问题：

    sudo /usr/bin/python3.9 /usr/bin/pip3 install setuptools==58.0.4

其他版本：

/usr/bin/python3.9 /usr/bin/pip3 --version
pip 20.0.2 from /usr/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/pip (python 3.9)

/usr/bin/python3.9 --version
Python 3.9.5

lsb_release -d
Description:    Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS

uname -srvi
Linux 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft #1237-Microsoft Sat Sep 11 14:32:00 PST 2021 x86_64

- Dmitry Messerman

Answer 3

在我的情况下，我通过使用python -m pip install pip==9.0.1将pip版本降级到9.0.1，并且这对我起作用了。

- Vinay