使用HTML 5和JS创建落雪效果

37

我访问了Stack Exchange Winter Bash 网站,我很喜欢下雪的效果!我的问题是,如何重新创建一个类似的效果,看起来也很好。我试图反向工程这个代码,看看能否找到答案,但不幸的是没有成功。JS对我来说太难了。我做了一些谷歌搜索,并发现了一些示例,但它们并不像 SE 站点那样优雅,或者看起来不太好。

有人能否提供一些说明,如何复制 SE Winter Bash 站点创建的效果,或者我可以学习如何做到这一点的地方?

编辑:我想尽可能接近复制此效果,即:下雪并伴随着雪花,能够移动鼠标并使雪花随鼠标移动或旋转。


1
看起来他似乎想要接受错误的答案 :P - rlemon
1
@j08691 - 请继续发表他们是如何做到的。如果你想加入一些提示和自己的想法,请尽管去做。 - L84
1
@Bergi - 我说过我已经从其他代码中清除了无用的代码,但我从未说过我能够理解它或将其还原。这可能需要几天时间! :) - j08691
1
@j08691:将其发布为维基答案,让我们看看我们能做什么 :-) - Bergi
3
我计划将 winterba.sh 的雪花项目发布为开源代码。我会在有进一步消息时进行更新。 - balpha
显示剩余7条评论
3个回答

52

很棒的问题,我实际上一段时间前写了一个雪花插件,我不断地更新 可以看到它在运行这里是纯js源码的链接

我注意到你标记了html5和canvas这个问题,然而你可以不使用它们,只需使用带有图像或不同背景颜色的标准元素。

这里是我现在为你制作的两个非常简单的版本,供你自由修改。在我看来,关键是使用正弦函数以获得炫酷的波浪效果,使雪花飘落。第一个版本使用canvas元素,第二个版本使用普通dom元素。

因为我绝对沉迷于canvas,所以这里是一个表现非常好的canvas版本。

Canvas版本

全屏预览

(function() {
    var requestAnimationFrame = window.requestAnimationFrame || window.mozRequestAnimationFrame || window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame || window.msRequestAnimationFrame ||
    function(callback) {
        window.setTimeout(callback, 1000 / 60);
    };
    window.requestAnimationFrame = requestAnimationFrame;
})();


var flakes = [],
    canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"),
    ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"),
    flakeCount = 200,
    mX = -100,
    mY = -100

    canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
canvas.height = window.innerHeight;

function snow() {
    ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

    for (var i = 0; i < flakeCount; i++) {
        var flake = flakes[i],
            x = mX,
            y = mY,
            minDist = 150,
            x2 = flake.x,
            y2 = flake.y;

        var dist = Math.sqrt((x2 - x) * (x2 - x) + (y2 - y) * (y2 - y)),
            dx = x2 - x,
            dy = y2 - y;

        if (dist < minDist) {
            var force = minDist / (dist * dist),
                xcomp = (x - x2) / dist,
                ycomp = (y - y2) / dist,
                deltaV = force / 2;

            flake.velX -= deltaV * xcomp;
            flake.velY -= deltaV * ycomp;

        } else {
            flake.velX *= .98;
            if (flake.velY <= flake.speed) {
                flake.velY = flake.speed
            }
            flake.velX += Math.cos(flake.step += .05) * flake.stepSize;
        }

        ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(255,255,255," + flake.opacity + ")";
        flake.y += flake.velY;
        flake.x += flake.velX;

        if (flake.y >= canvas.height || flake.y <= 0) {
            reset(flake);
        }


        if (flake.x >= canvas.width || flake.x <= 0) {
            reset(flake);
        }

        ctx.beginPath();
        ctx.arc(flake.x, flake.y, flake.size, 0, Math.PI * 2);
        ctx.fill();
    }
    requestAnimationFrame(snow);
};

function reset(flake) {
    flake.x = Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.width);
    flake.y = 0;
    flake.size = (Math.random() * 3) + 2;
    flake.speed = (Math.random() * 1) + 0.5;
    flake.velY = flake.speed;
    flake.velX = 0;
    flake.opacity = (Math.random() * 0.5) + 0.3;
}

function init() {
    for (var i = 0; i < flakeCount; i++) {
        var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.width),
            y = Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.height),
            size = (Math.random() * 3) + 2,
            speed = (Math.random() * 1) + 0.5,
            opacity = (Math.random() * 0.5) + 0.3;

        flakes.push({
            speed: speed,
            velY: speed,
            velX: 0,
            x: x,
            y: y,
            size: size,
            stepSize: (Math.random()) / 30,
            step: 0,
            angle: 180,
            opacity: opacity
        });
    }

    snow();
};

canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", function(e) {
    mX = e.clientX,
    mY = e.clientY
});

init();​

标准元素版本

var flakes = [],
    bodyHeight = getDocHeight(),
    bodyWidth = document.body.offsetWidth;


function snow() {
    for (var i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
        var flake = flakes[i];

        flake.y += flake.velY;

        if (flake.y > bodyHeight - (flake.size + 6)) {
            flake.y = 0;
        }

        flake.el.style.top = flake.y + 'px';
        flake.el.style.left = ~~flake.x + 'px';

        flake.step += flake.stepSize;
        flake.velX = Math.cos(flake.step);

        flake.x += flake.velX;

        if (flake.x > bodyWidth - 40 || flake.x < 30) {
            flake.y = 0;
        }
    }
    setTimeout(snow, 10);
};


function init() {
    var docFrag = document.createDocumentFragment();
    for (var i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
        var flake = document.createElement("div"),
            x = Math.floor(Math.random() * bodyWidth),
            y = Math.floor(Math.random() * bodyHeight),
            size = (Math.random() * 5) + 2,
            speed = (Math.random() * 1) + 0.5;

        flake.style.width = size + 'px';
        flake.style.height = size + 'px';
        flake.style.background = "#fff";

        flake.style.left = x + 'px';
        flake.style.top = y;
        flake.classList.add("flake");

        flakes.push({
            el: flake,
            speed: speed,
            velY: speed,
            velX: 0,
            x: x,
            y: y,
            size: 2,
            stepSize: (Math.random() * 5) / 100,
            step: 0
        });
        docFrag.appendChild(flake);
    }

    document.body.appendChild(docFrag);
    snow();
};

document.addEventListener("mousemove", function(e) {
    var x = e.clientX,
        y = e.clientY,
        minDist = 150;

    for (var i = 0; i < flakes.length; i++) {
        var x2 = flakes[i].x,
            y2 = flakes[i].y;

        var dist = Math.sqrt((x2 - x) * (x2 - x) + (y2 - y) * (y2 - y));

        if (dist < minDist) {
            rad = Math.atan2(y2, x2), angle = rad / Math.PI * 180;

            flakes[i].velX = (x2 / dist) * 0.2;
            flakes[i].velY = (y2 / dist) * 0.2;

            flakes[i].x += flakes[i].velX;
            flakes[i].y += flakes[i].velY;
        } else {
            flakes[i].velY *= 0.9;
            flakes[i].velX
            if (flakes[i].velY <= flakes[i].speed) {
                flakes[i].velY = flakes[i].speed;
            }
        }
    }
});

init();

function getDocHeight() {
    return Math.max(
    Math.max(document.body.scrollHeight, document.documentElement.scrollHeight), Math.max(document.body.offsetHeight, document.documentElement.offsetHeight), Math.max(document.body.clientHeight, document.documentElement.clientHeight));
}​

2
这太酷了。我打算在假期将其运行在我们的网站上。非常有趣的想法。谢谢分享! - jrue
呵呵..好吧,我没有像想象中那样去睡觉。@Lynda已经添加了一个画布对比,我认为这很有效果,看起来也更漂亮。 - Loktar
1
你的“标准版本”中有一个错误。在检查flake.x > body width时,你将flake.y设置为0而不是flake.x。这会导致奇怪的滚动问题。已修复:http://jsfiddle.net/7WH3a/ - xdumaine
@Loktar,你能把源代码更新到当前的2013年冬季庆祝活动吗? - Kingsley
@KingsleyChew 我写了这段雪花代码,它与冬季庆典的雪花没有任何关系,只是一个快速示例,展示一种可能的实现方式。 - Loktar
显示剩余8条评论

2

我创建了一个纯 HTML5 和 JavaScript 实现的雪花效果。点击这里在我的 codepen 上查看: https://codepen.io/onlintool24/pen/GRMOBVo

// Amount of Snowflakes
var snowMax = 35;

// Snowflake Colours
var snowColor = ["#DDD", "#EEE"];

// Snow Entity
var snowEntity = "&#x2022;";

// Falling Velocity
var snowSpeed = 0.75;

// Minimum Flake Size
var snowMinSize = 8;

// Maximum Flake Size
var snowMaxSize = 24;

// Refresh Rate (in milliseconds)
var snowRefresh = 50;

// Additional Styles
var snowStyles = "cursor: default; -webkit-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; -o-user-select: none; user-select: none;";

/*
// End of Configuration
// ----------------------------------------
// Do not modify the code below this line
*/

var snow = [],
    pos = [],
    coords = [],
    lefr = [],
    marginBottom,
    marginRight;

function randomise(range) {
    rand = Math.floor(range * Math.random());
    return rand;
}

function initSnow() {
    var snowSize = snowMaxSize - snowMinSize;
    marginBottom = document.body.scrollHeight - 5;
    marginRight = document.body.clientWidth - 15;

    for (i = 0; i <= snowMax; i++) {
        coords[i] = 0;
        lefr[i] = Math.random() * 15;
        pos[i] = 0.03 + Math.random() / 10;
        snow[i] = document.getElementById("flake" + i);
        snow[i].style.fontFamily = "inherit";
        snow[i].size = randomise(snowSize) + snowMinSize;
        snow[i].style.fontSize = snow[i].size + "px";
        snow[i].style.color = snowColor[randomise(snowColor.length)];
        snow[i].style.zIndex = 1000;
        snow[i].sink = snowSpeed * snow[i].size / 5;
        snow[i].posX = randomise(marginRight - snow[i].size);
        snow[i].posY = randomise(2 * marginBottom - marginBottom - 2 * snow[i].size);
        snow[i].style.left = snow[i].posX + "px";
        snow[i].style.top = snow[i].posY + "px";
    }

    moveSnow();
}

function resize() {
    marginBottom = document.body.scrollHeight - 5;
    marginRight = document.body.clientWidth - 15;
}

function moveSnow() {
    for (i = 0; i <= snowMax; i++) {
        coords[i] += pos[i];
        snow[i].posY += snow[i].sink;
        snow[i].style.left = snow[i].posX + lefr[i] * Math.sin(coords[i]) + "px";
        snow[i].style.top = snow[i].posY + "px";

        if (snow[i].posY >= marginBottom - 2 * snow[i].size || parseInt(snow[i].style.left) > (marginRight - 3 * lefr[i])) {
            snow[i].posX = randomise(marginRight - snow[i].size);
            snow[i].posY = 0;
        }
    }

    setTimeout("moveSnow()", snowRefresh);
}

for (i = 0; i <= snowMax; i++) {
    document.write("<span id='flake" + i + "' style='" + snowStyles + "position:absolute;top:-" + snowMaxSize + "'>" + snowEntity + "</span>");
}

window.addEventListener('resize', resize);
window.addEventListener('load', initSnow);
body{
  background: skyblue;
  height:100%;
  width:100%;
    display:block;
  position:relative;
}
<span id="flake0" style="cursor: default; user-select: none; position: absolute; font-family: inherit; font-size: 19px; color: rgb(221, 221, 221); z-index: 1000; left: 226px; top: 561px;"></span>


-6
下雪的效果很简单:创建一个画布,创建一堆雪花,然后绘制它们。
你可以像这样创建一个雪花类:
function Snowflake() {
    this.x = Math.random()*canvas.width;
    this.y = -16;
    this.speed = Math.random()*3+1;
    this.direction = Math.random()*360;
    this.maxSpeed = 4;
}

或者类似于这样。然后你有一个计时器,每一步都会微调每个雪花的方向,然后通过考虑速度和方向来计算它们的新X和Y。

很难解释,但实际上相当基础。


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