我需要类似的东西:在两侧绘制z轴。感谢@crayzeewulf的答案,我得到了以下解决方法(适用于左、右或两侧):
首先按需绘制3D图形,然后在调用show()
之前,用一个包装器类将Axes3D
包装起来,该类简单地重写draw()
方法。
这个包装器类只是设置了一些功能的可见性为False,然后绘制自身,并使用修改后的PLANES绘制z轴。这个包装器类允许您在左侧、右侧或两侧绘制z轴。
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('QT4Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
class MyAxes3D(axes3d.Axes3D):
def __init__(self, baseObject, sides_to_draw):
self.__class__ = type(baseObject.__class__.__name__,
(self.__class__, baseObject.__class__),
{})
self.__dict__ = baseObject.__dict__
self.sides_to_draw = list(sides_to_draw)
self.mouse_init()
def set_some_features_visibility(self, visible):
for t in self.w_zaxis.get_ticklines() + self.w_zaxis.get_ticklabels():
t.set_visible(visible)
self.w_zaxis.line.set_visible(visible)
self.w_zaxis.pane.set_visible(visible)
self.w_zaxis.label.set_visible(visible)
def draw(self, renderer):
# set visibility of some features False
self.set_some_features_visibility(False)
# draw the axes
super(MyAxes3D, self).draw(renderer)
# set visibility of some features True.
# This could be adapted to set your features to desired visibility,
# e.g. storing the previous values and restoring the values
self.set_some_features_visibility(True)
zaxis = self.zaxis
draw_grid_old = zaxis.axes._draw_grid
# disable draw grid
zaxis.axes._draw_grid = False
tmp_planes = zaxis._PLANES
if 'l' in self.sides_to_draw :
# draw zaxis on the left side
zaxis._PLANES = (tmp_planes[2], tmp_planes[3],
tmp_planes[0], tmp_planes[1],
tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
zaxis.draw(renderer)
if 'r' in self.sides_to_draw :
# draw zaxis on the right side
zaxis._PLANES = (tmp_planes[3], tmp_planes[2],
tmp_planes[1], tmp_planes[0],
tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
zaxis.draw(renderer)
zaxis._PLANES = tmp_planes
# disable draw grid
zaxis.axes._draw_grid = draw_grid_old
def example_surface(ax):
""" draw an example surface. code borrowed from http://matplotlib.org/examples/mplot3d/surface3d_demo.html """
from matplotlib import cm
import numpy as np
X = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
Y = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
R = np.sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)
Z = np.sin(R)
surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.coolwarm, linewidth=0, antialiased=False)
if __name__ == '__main__':
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
ax = fig.add_subplot(131, projection='3d')
ax.set_title('z-axis left side')
ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'l'))
example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
ax = fig.add_subplot(132, projection='3d')
ax.set_title('z-axis both sides')
ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'lr'))
example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
ax = fig.add_subplot(133, projection='3d')
ax.set_title('z-axis right side')
ax = fig.add_axes(MyAxes3D(ax, 'r'))
example_surface(ax) # draw an example surface
plt.show()
正如楼主在下面的评论中指出的那样,下面提出的方法没有为原始问题提供足够的答案。
正如这个注释中提到的那样,在axis3d中有许多硬编码的值使得定制其行为变得困难。因此,我认为在当前的API中没有很好的方法来做到这一点。您可以通过修改zaxis
的_PLANES
参数来“破解”它,如下所示:
tmp_planes = ax.zaxis._PLANES
ax.zaxis._PLANES = ( tmp_planes[2], tmp_planes[3],
tmp_planes[0], tmp_planes[1],
tmp_planes[4], tmp_planes[5])
view_1 = (25, -135)
view_2 = (25, -45)
init_view = view_2
ax.view_init(*init_view)
_PLANES
进行调整,并可能能够获得所有轴的所需行为,但这可能会在未来版本的matplotlib
中失效。_PLANES
确实很丑陋。确定轴位置的机制在 matplotlib
的名为 axis3d.py
的文件中实现。从这段代码可以看出它目前并不是非常灵活,但您可能可以通过阅读此文件了解有关如何使用 _PLANES
的更多信息。您可能可以对此文件中的 Axis
类进行 Monkey patch 以使其按照您的要求工作。但再次强调,这是丑陋的。 - crayzeewulf
fig
后添加绘图时,我得到的结果如下:http://imgur.com/VJLTTTH - pyCthonax.zaxis._axinfo['juggled'] = (0,2,1)
- sherdim