使用“preload”链接指令在Chrome中预加载字体

17

preload指令在Chrome中未按预期执行。下面是完整的HTML页面,可在Chrome中打开进行结果比较。它应该应用所有5个字体;但实际上只应用了第一个预加载字体,并为第二个字体创建了假斜体,并简单地将默认衬线字体替换为其余3个字体。

此外,在开发人员控制台中,对于这五种字体中的每一种,在大约3秒钟后会出现以下消息:

资源[URL]已使用链接预加载方式进行预加载,但在窗口的加载事件之后的几秒钟内未被使用。请确保它不是徒劳地预加载。

奇怪的是,它确实将第一个字体(Muli)应用于h1h2标签(虽然为h2创建了假斜体);您可以单击错误消息中的URL,并在开发人员控制台中预览预加载的字体。

这里有什么问题吗?(我在Windows 8.1 Pro上测试了Chrome 56。)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Preload Font Test</title>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/zscZFkjVRGyfQ_Pw-5exXPesZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/YxNEAWILjDc466nftZdqXuvvDin1pK8aKteLpeZ5c0A.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzBampu5_7CjHW5spxoeN3Vs.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxv79_ZuUxCigM2DespTnFaw.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/tI4j516nok_GrVf4dhunkg.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <style>
        h1 {font-family:'Muli';font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5em}
        h2 {font-family:'Muli';font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-size:1.5em}
        h3 {font-family:'Open Sans';font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5em}
        h4 {font-family:'Open Sans';font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-size:1.5em}
        h5 {font-family:'Lato';font-weight:900;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5em}
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>This should be in Muli regular 400 -- and it is!</h1>
    <h2>This should be in Muli Italic 400 -- but it's faux Muli Italic :(</h2>
    <h3>This should be in Open Sans Bold 700 -- but it's the default serif!</h3>
    <h4>This should be in Open Sans BoldItalic 700  -- but it's the default serif!</h4>
    <h5>This should be in Lato ExtraBold 900  -- but it's the default serif!</h5>
</body>
</html>

如果可以帮助到其他人- 我遇到了这个问题,因为我在我的link[rel=preload]上缺少了"crossorigin"属性。 - Adam A
1个回答

24
我已经找到了解决方案。遗憾的是,W3C关于preload链接的规范没有明确说明这一点,程序员们对此存在很多疑惑,尤其是关于开发者控制台错误消息的问题(单独谷歌以查看有多少人遇到了该问题并为此感到困惑;这表明这个非常有用的指令是多么被误解)。
不能仅使用preload链接来加载字体。 它必须与@font-face联合使用。具体来说,preload链接必须在@font-face指令之前出现,并且@font-face必须紧随其后,如果不是立即出现。在部分中,preload链接应该是您链接中的最后一个,然后@font-face应该紧随其后,在链接的样式表或在随后的<style>部分中进行定义。
以下是原始代码的更正版本:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Preload Font Test</title>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/zscZFkjVRGyfQ_Pw-5exXPesZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff2" as="font" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/YxNEAWILjDc466nftZdqXuvvDin1pK8aKteLpeZ5c0A.woff2" as="font" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzBampu5_7CjHW5spxoeN3Vs.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxv79_ZuUxCigM2DespTnFaw.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/lEjOv129Q3iN1tuqWOeRBgLUuEpTyoUstqEm5AMlJo4.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
    <style>
        @font-face{font-family:'Muli';font-weight:400;font-style:normal;src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/BkuZCUxEYxRfSu-XBj9_CA.eot');src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/BkuZCUxEYxRfSu-XBj9_CA.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
local('Muli Regular'),
local('Muli-regular'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/zscZFkjVRGyfQ_Pw-5exXPesZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/minRpKQdEvXRRS8oAbAtWvesZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff') format('woff'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/BfQP1MR3mJNaumtWa4Tizg.ttf') format('truetype'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/l/font?kit=5laWPvb-IgmGJk9r92y1Hw&skey=2b55aa3f2f059b75&v=v10#Muli') format('svg');}

@font-face{font-family:'Muli';font-weight:400;font-style:italic;src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/vurWTAYiHMPVScIey50dUQ.eot');src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/vurWTAYiHMPVScIey50dUQ.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
local('Muli Italic'),
local('Muli-italic'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/YxNEAWILjDc466nftZdqXuvvDin1pK8aKteLpeZ5c0A.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/DSOyST5zmfghBgRIogdupevvDin1pK8aKteLpeZ5c0A.woff') format('woff'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/muli/v10/AQQ1r0_czneVCtTD9ckSEA.ttf') format('truetype'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/l/font?kit=Ok1ULmeTg1kfss3jIu3xZQ&skey=f22af9a5d2e9fc47&v=v10#Muli') format('svg');}

@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-weight:700;font-style:normal;
src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzHZ2MAKAc2x4R1uOSeegc5U.eot');
src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzHZ2MAKAc2x4R1uOSeegc5U.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
local('Open Sans Bold'),
local('Open-Sans-700'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzBampu5_7CjHW5spxoeN3Vs.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzKRDOzjiPcYnFooOUGCOsRk.woff') format('woff'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzInF5uFdDttMLvmWuJdhhgs.ttf') format('truetype'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/l/font?kit=k3k702ZOKiLJc3WVjuplzFlIn5tFQcqMuf-jhyJP0ps&skey=cd9e1a36bb25a3c3&v=v13#OpenSans') format('svg');}

@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-weight:700;font-style:italic;src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxrFt29aCHKT7otDW9l62Aag.eot');src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxrFt29aCHKT7otDW9l62Aag.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
local('Open Sans Bold Italic'),
local('Open-Sans-700italic'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxv79_ZuUxCigM2DespTnFaw.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxhbnBKKEOwRKgsHDreGcocg.woff') format('woff'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v13/PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxp_TkvowlIOtbR7ePgFOpF4.ttf') format('truetype'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/l/font?kit=PRmiXeptR36kaC0GEAetxntNmQEE9wZ6UZlmiISB1pg&skey=7e5bb13249e84143&v=v13#OpenSans') format('svg');}

@font-face{font-family:'Lato';font-weight:900;font-style:normal;src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/BjDVcwQGWPX2RAidnkd0Bw.eot');src:url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/BjDVcwQGWPX2RAidnkd0Bw.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
local('Lato Black'),
local('Lato-900'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/lEjOv129Q3iN1tuqWOeRBgLUuEpTyoUstqEm5AMlJo4.woff2') format('woff2'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/G2uphNnNqGFMHLRsO_72ngLUuEpTyoUstqEm5AMlJo4.woff') format('woff'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/4cKlrioa77J2iqTqBgkRWg.ttf') format('truetype'),
url('https://fonts.gstatic.com/l/font?kit=UxBsysUD4pfKXRb0IKmcRQ&skey=d01acf708cb3b73b&v=v13#Lato') format('svg');}

        h1 {font-family:'Muli';font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5em}
        h2 {font-family:'Muli';font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-size:1.5em}
        h3 {font-family:'Open Sans';font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5em}
        h4 {font-family:'Open Sans';font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-size:1.5em}
        h5 {font-family:'Lato';font-weight:900;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5em}

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>This should be in Muli regular 400 -- and it is!</h1>
    <h2>This should be in Muli Italic 400 -- and it is!</h2>
    <h3>This should be in Open Sans Bold 700 -- and it is!</h3>
    <h4>This should be in Open Sans BoldItalic 700 -- and it is!</h4>
    <h5>This should be in Lato ExtraBold 900 -- and it is!</h5>
</body>
</html>

这个功能是有效的,实际上在关键呈现路径的初始导航中收集字体是其中的主要优势。 preload 目前只被 Chrome 和 Opera 支持,但其他浏览器肯定会跟进。


1
你知道font-face声明是否可以在样式表中吗?即使在链接的样式表中按照上述方式进行,我仍然会得到重复加载(以及Chrome关于未使用预加载的警告)。 - toxaq
6
我发现即使是相对路径,crossorigin 属性也是必须的,否则 Chrome 会显示以下警告: "was preloaded using link preload but not used within a few seconds from the window's load event. Please make sure it wasn't preloaded for nothing." - Julius Žaromskis
1
同样的问题,我发现在我的情况下,需要使用crossorigin属性以避免重复加载。 - Punit S
1
跨域要求让我很烦恼。对于那些也想知道为什么字体需要这个要求的人,可以参考规范的这一部分。另外还可以查看MDN文档 - Alba Mendez

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