错过的垃圾收集通知

5
我们正在使用.NET运行Web farm。每个Web服务器在其内存中保存了相当数量的静态对象。第二代垃圾回收(GC)需要10-20秒,并且每5分钟运行一次。我们遇到了与StackOverflow类似的问题:http://samsaffron.com/archive/2011/10/28/in-managed-code-we-trust-our-recent-battles-with-the-net-garbage-collector 目前,我们正在减少缓存中对象的数量。然而,这需要时间。
同时,我们实现了文档here中记录的方法,在.NET中获取有关接近GC的通知。目标是在GC即将到来时将Web服务器从farm中取出,并在GC结束后将其包含在farm中。但是,我们仅收到0.7%的所有GC的通知。我们使用了8个maxGenerationThreshold和largeObjectHeapThreshold。我们尝试了其他阈值,但错过的GC数量没有改变。
我们使用并发服务器垃圾回收(http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms229357.aspx)。GCLatencyMode为Interactive(见http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.runtime.gclatencymode.aspx)。在这里,我们尝试使用其他GC模式(Workstation mode、Batch等)。但是,我们大部分的GC都没有得到通知。
我们做错了什么,或者不可能获得每个GC的通知?如何增加通知数量?
根据http://assets.red-gate.com/community/books/assets/Under_the_Hood_of_.NET_Management.pdf,一开始当Gen2达到约10MB时会触发GC。我们有很多RAM,因此,如果我们可以将此阈值手动设置为更高的级别,那么到达此阈值所需的时间将更长,我的理解是获得通知的概率会增加。是否有一种方法可以修改此阈值?
以下是注册和侦听通知的代码:
GC.RegisterForFullGCNotification(gcThreshold, gcThreshold);
// Start a thread using WaitForFullGCProc.
thWaitForFullGC = new Thread(WaitForFullGCProc);
thWaitForFullGC.Name = "HealthTestGCNotificationListenerThread (Threshold=" + gcThreshold + ")";
thWaitForFullGC.IsBackground = true;

WaitForFullGCProc():

    private void WaitForFullGCProc()
{
    try
    {
        while (!gcAbort)
        {
            // Check for a notification of an approaching collection.
            GCNotificationStatus s;
            do
            {
                int timeOut = CheckForMissedGc() > 0 ? 5000 : (10 * 60 * 1000);
                s = GC.WaitForFullGCApproach(timeOut);
                if (this.GcState == GCState.InducedUnnotified)
                {
                    // Set the GcState back to okay to prevent the message from staying in the ApplicationMonitoring.
                    this.GcState = GCState.Okay;
                }
            } while (s == GCNotificationStatus.Timeout);

            if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Succeeded)
            {
                SetGcState(GCState.Approaching, "GC is approaching..");
                gcApproachNotificationCount++;
            }
            else
            {
                ...
            }

            Stopwatch stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
            s = GC.WaitForFullGCComplete((int)PrewarnTime.TotalMilliseconds);
            long elapsed = stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds;

            if (s == GCNotificationStatus.Timeout)
            {
                if (this.ForceGCWhenApproaching && !this.IsInGc && !this.IsPeriodicGcApproaching)
                {
                    this.IsInGc = true;
                    GC.Collect(GC.MaxGeneration, GCCollectionMode.Forced, blocking: true);
                    GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
                    elapsed = stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds;
                    this.IsInGc = false;
                }
            }
        }
        gcAbort = false;
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
    }
}

你可以把注册和侦听GC通知的代码贴一下吗? - Alex
GC.RegisterForFullGCNotification(gcThreshold, gcThreshold);// 使用WaitForFullGCProc启动一个线程。 thWaitForFullGC = new Thread(WaitForFullGCProc); thWaitForFullGC.Name = "HealthTestGCNotificationListenerThread (Threshold=" + gcThreshold + ")"; thWaitForFullGC.IsBackground = true; - kopernik
1个回答

3
注意:这更像是一条评论,但包含了大量的代码示例。
你是否考虑通过其他方式获取GC(垃圾回收)的通知?Jeffrey Richter(《CLR via C#》)解释了一种很好的方法来获取通知,它使用一个对象并检查其终结器方法在哪个代中。
以下是类的示例代码:它使用内部对象,如果提供的代与之匹配(例如,请参见new GenObject(0);),则这些对象将被收集;或者这些对象将会在下一代中被复活。
然后你可以使用GCNotification.GCDone += GCDoneHandler;订阅它。
 public static class GCNotification
    {
        private static Action<Int32> s_gcDone = null; // The event's field
        public static event Action<Int32> GCDone
        {
            add
            {
                // If there were no registered delegates before, start reporting notifications now
                if (s_gcDone == null) { new GenObject(0); new GenObject(1); new GenObject(2); }
                s_gcDone += value;
            }
            remove { s_gcDone -= value; }
        }
        private sealed class GenObject
        {
            private Int32 m_generation;
            public GenObject(Int32 generation) { m_generation = generation; }
            ~GenObject()
            { // This is the Finalize method
                // If this object is in the generation we want (or higher),
                // notify the delegates that a GC just completed
                if (GC.GetGeneration(this) >= m_generation)
                {
                    Action<Int32> temp = Volatile.Read(ref s_gcDone);
                    if (temp != null) temp(m_generation);
                }
                // Keep reporting notifications if there is at least one delegate registered,
                // the AppDomain isn't unloading, and the process isn’t shutting down
                if ((s_gcDone != null)
                && !AppDomain.CurrentDomain.IsFinalizingForUnload()
                && !Environment.HasShutdownStarted)
                {
                    // For Gen 0, create a new object; for Gen 2, resurrect the object
                    // & let the GC call Finalize again the next time Gen 2 is GC'd
                    if (m_generation == 0) new GenObject(0);
                    else GC.ReRegisterForFinalize(this);
                }
                else { /* Let the objects go away */ }
            }
        }
    }

这是一个好的想法,但不幸的是它只在GC完成后通知我。它不会通知我任何即将进行的垃圾收集... - kopernik

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