在Android 9和10中，我尝试使用apk文件的文件路径在Android Studio中以编程方式安装应用程序时遇到了问题。以下是我尝试过的方法...
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("content://"+Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/download/" + "app-release.apk"), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
startActivity(intent);
如果您想在Android 10中以编程方式安装应用程序，您需要为您的应用程序授予安装应用程序的权限。
步骤1：在Manifest中授予权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
步骤2：在Android清单文件中编写提供者
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/provider_paths" />
</provider>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<external-path
name="files_root"
path="Android/data/${applicationId}" />
<external-path
name="external_files"
path="." />
</paths>步骤4：授予apk安装和存储权限的运行时权限
//installtion permission
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
if (!getPackageManager().canRequestPackageInstalls()) {
startActivityForResult(new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES).setData(Uri.parse(String.format("package:%s", getPackageName()))), 1234);
} else {
}
}
//Storage Permission
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
}
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
}
步骤5：调用安装APK函数
void installAPK(){
String PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + "apkname.apk";
File file = new File(PATH);
if(file.exists()) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(uriFromFile(getApplicationContext(), new File(PATH)), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
try {
getApplicationContext().startActivity(intent);
} catch (ActivityNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.e("TAG", "Error in opening the file!");
}
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"installing",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
Uri uriFromFile(Context context, File file) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
return FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".provider", file);
} else {
return Uri.fromFile(file);
}
}
首先，你的Uri在除了少数设备制造商为你破解的几个设备之外，在每个Android版本中都是无效的。
其次，默认情况下，无论是你还是包安装程序进程都无法访问Android 10上的外部存储。
第三，通过ACTION_VIEW或ACTION_INSTALL_PACKAGE在Android 10上安装应用程序已被弃用。
适用于Android 10及更高版本的解决方案-也适用于Android 5.0及更高版本-是使用使用PackageInstaller。
此示例应用程序演示了如何使用它。关键部分在MainMotor中：
/*
Copyright (c) 2019 CommonsWare, LLC
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. Unless required
by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the
License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS
OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
Covered in detail in the book _Elements of Android Q
https://commonsware.com/AndroidQ
*/
package com.commonsware.q.appinstaller
import android.app.Application
import android.app.PendingIntent
import android.content.Intent
import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller
import android.net.Uri
import androidx.documentfile.provider.DocumentFile
import androidx.lifecycle.AndroidViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
private const val NAME = "mostly-unused"
private const val PI_INSTALL = 3439
class MainMotor(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
private val installer = app.packageManager.packageInstaller
private val resolver = app.contentResolver
fun install(apkUri: Uri) {
viewModelScope.launch(Dispatchers.Main) {
installCoroutine(apkUri)
}
}
private suspend fun installCoroutine(apkUri: Uri) =
withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
resolver.openInputStream(apkUri)?.use { apkStream ->
val length =
DocumentFile.fromSingleUri(getApplication(), apkUri)?.length() ?: -1
val params =
PackageInstaller.SessionParams(PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL)
val sessionId = installer.createSession(params)
val session = installer.openSession(sessionId)
session.openWrite(NAME, 0, length).use { sessionStream ->
apkStream.copyTo(sessionStream)
session.fsync(sessionStream)
}
val intent = Intent(getApplication(), InstallReceiver::class.java)
val pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
getApplication(),
PI_INSTALL,
intent,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT
)
session.commit(pi.intentSender)
session.close()
}
}
}
在这里，install() 接收从 ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT 获取的 Uri。在协程内部，我创建了一个 PackageInstaller 会话，打开该会话，将 APK 内容复制到会话提供的流中，然后提交并关闭该会话。
commit()需要一个IntentSender，通常我们从PendingIntent获取它。那将是我们发现安装成功、失败或需要用户批准的地方。InstallReceiver在我的示例应用程序中会在成功时哔哔作响，如果需要，则启动批准活动，否则记录一条消息到Logcat。 - CommonsWare<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES"/>