我找不到任何关于Python和网络的好易学文档。在这种情况下，我只是试图编写一个简单的脚本，以便可以对多台远程机器进行ping测试。
for ping in range(1,10):
ip="127.0.0."+str(ping)
os.system("ping -c 3 %s" % ip)
像这样的简单脚本可以很好地ping通机器，但我希望脚本返回“活动”“无响应”。这让我想起也许我需要查找时间模块，我认为time.sleep(5)之后，应该有一个break语句。这让我想到for循环里面应该有一个while循环。我不确定100%，完全可能我正在走错方向 :/ 如果有人能提供帮助或指向一些文档，那就太好了。
尝试使用subprocess.call。它会保存所使用程序的返回值。
根据我的ping手册，它在成功时返回0，在发送ping但未收到回复时返回2，任何其他值表示错误。
# typo error in import
import subprocess
for ping in range(1,10):
address = "127.0.0." + str(ping)
res = subprocess.call(['ping', '-c', '3', address])
if res == 0:
print "ping to", address, "OK"
elif res == 2:
print "no response from", address
else:
print "ping to", address, "failed!"
subprocess.call() 一次只能ping一个ip。如果要同时ping多个ip，则可以使用 subprocess.Popen()。参考链接：https://dev59.com/umct5IYBdhLWcg3wa83p#12102040 - jfs这个脚本：
import subprocess
import os
with open(os.devnull, "wb") as limbo:
for n in xrange(1, 10):
ip="192.168.0.{0}".format(n)
result=subprocess.Popen(["ping", "-c", "1", "-n", "-W", "2", ip],
stdout=limbo, stderr=limbo).wait()
if result:
print ip, "inactive"
else:
print ip, "active"
将会输出类似这样的结果：
192.168.0.1 active
192.168.0.2 active
192.168.0.3 inactive
192.168.0.4 inactive
192.168.0.5 inactive
192.168.0.6 inactive
192.168.0.7 active
192.168.0.8 inactive
192.168.0.9 inactive
如果你将limbo替换为subprocess.PIPE并在Popen对象上使用communicate()，就可以捕获输出：
p=Popen( ... )
output=p.communicate()
result=p.wait()
这种方法可以获取命令的返回值并捕获文本。根据手册，如果需要灵活操作子进程，则通常建议使用 Popen 类处理子进程的创建和管理，它提供了很多灵活性，使开发人员能够处理不常见的情况而不是使用方便函数。
该模块中的底层进程创建和管理由 Popen 类处理。它提供了很大的灵活性，使开发人员能够处理不常见的情况而不是使用方便函数。
import subprocess
import os
with open(os.devnull, "wb") as limbo:
for n in xrange(200, 240):
ip="10.2.7.{0}".format(n)
result=subprocess.Popen(["ping", "-n", "1", "-w", "200", ip],
stdout=limbo, stderr=limbo).wait()
if result:
print ip, "inactive"
else:
print ip, "active"
只需更改ip=为您的方案，将xrange更改为主机范围即可。
我是一个初学者，写了一个用于 ping 多个主机的脚本。如果要 ping 多个主机，您可以使用 ipaddress 模块。
import ipaddress
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
net4 = ipaddress.ip_network('192.168.2.0/24')
for x in net4.hosts():
x = str(x)
hostup = Popen(["ping", "-c1", x], stdout=PIPE)
output = hostup.communicate()[0]
val1 = hostup.returncode
if val1 == 0:
print(x, "is pinging")
else:
print(x, "is not responding")
subprocess.Popen()：#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import time
from subprocess import Popen, DEVNULL
p = {} # ip -> process
for n in range(1, 100): # start ping processes
ip = "127.0.0.%d" % n
p[ip] = Popen(['ping', '-n', '-w5', '-c3', ip], stdout=DEVNULL)
#NOTE: you could set stderr=subprocess.STDOUT to ignore stderr also
while p:
for ip, proc in p.items():
if proc.poll() is not None: # ping finished
del p[ip] # remove from the process list
if proc.returncode == 0:
print('%s active' % ip)
elif proc.returncode == 1:
print('%s no response' % ip)
else:
print('%s error' % ip)
break
如果您可以以root身份运行，则可以使用纯Python ping脚本或scapy：
from scapy.all import sr, ICMP, IP, L3RawSocket, conf
conf.L3socket = L3RawSocket # for loopback interface
ans, unans = sr(IP(dst="127.0.0.1-99")/ICMP(), verbose=0) # make requests
ans.summary(lambda (s,r): r.sprintf("%IP.src% is alive"))
import subprocess
import os
'''
servers.txt contains ip address in following format
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.2
'''
with open('servers.txt', 'r') as f:
for ip in f:
result=subprocess.Popen(["ping", "-c", "1", "-n", "-W", "2", ip],stdout=f, stderr=f).wait()
if result:
print(ip, "inactive")
else:
print(ip, "active")
import subprocess
import ipaddress
subnet = ipaddress.ip_network('192.168.1.0/24', strict=False)
for i in subnet.hosts():
i = str(i)
subprocess.call(["ping", "-c1", "-n", "-i0.1", "-W1", i])
#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
import ipaddress
alive = []
subnet = ipaddress.ip_network('192.168.1.0/23', strict=False)
for i in subnet.hosts():
i = str(i)
retval = subprocess.call(["ping", "-c1", "-n", "-i0.1", "-W1", i])
if retval == 0:
alive.append(i)
for ip in alive:
print(ip + " is alive")
192.168.0.1 is alive
192.168.0.2 is alive
192.168.1.1 is alive
192.168.1.246 is alive
import subprocess,os,threading,time
from queue import Queue
lock=threading.Lock()
_start=time.time()
def check(n):
with open(os.devnull, "wb") as limbo:
ip="192.168.21.{0}".format(n)
result=subprocess.Popen(["ping", "-n", "1", "-w", "300", ip],stdout=limbo, stderr=limbo).wait()
with lock:
if not result:
print (ip, "active")
def threader():
while True:
worker=q.get()
check(worker)
q.task_done()
q=Queue()
for x in range(255):
t=threading.Thread(target=threader)
t.daemon=True
t.start()
for worker in range(1,255):
q.put(worker)
q.join()
print("Process completed in: ",time.time()-_start)
我认为这个会更好。
else: pass？ - Minek Po1我已经在Python 2.7中使用多线程对上述代码进行了几处修改:
import subprocess,os,threading,time
import Queue
lock=threading.Lock()
_start=time.time()
def check(n):
with open(os.devnull, "wb") as limbo:
ip=n
result=subprocess.Popen(["ping", "-n", "2", "-w", "300", ip],stdout=limbo, stderr=limbo).wait()
with lock:
if not result:
print ip, "active"
else:
print ip, "Inactive"
def threader():
while True:
worker=q.get()
check(worker)
q.task_done()
q = Queue.Queue()
for x in range(255):
t=threading.Thread(target=threader)
t.daemon=True
t.start()
ip = ["13.45.23.523", "13.35.23.523","23.23.56.346"]
for worker in ip:
q.put(worker)
q.join()
print("Process completed in: ",time.time()-_start)
os.system()）。 - ernie