如何在PowerShell中使用多线程Ping脚本

Question

我最近完成了一个脚本，可以对列表上的每台计算机/工作站进行ping测试，并以漂亮的格式输出结果。

下一个列表中有成千上万台计算机需要进行ping测试，通常运行需要很长时间。我该如何使用多线程来完成这项任务，以在合理的时间内完成？

- MZIP

Answer 1

workflow Ping
{
  param($computers)

    foreach -parallel ($computer in $computers)
    {
        $status = Test-Connection -ComputerName $computer -Count 1 -Quiet

        if (!$status)
            { Write-Output "Could not ping $computer" }
    }
}

$computers = @(
    "wd1600023",
    "sleipnir"
)

Ping $computers

- David Brabant

Answer 2

你可以生成多个任务，或者使用工作流和Foreach-并行循环。

- Martin Brandl

Answer 3

我发现并使用了这个脚本作为类似功能的基础Ping-IPRange。

我已经对原始脚本进行了修改，并在下面包含了它。

如果你正在使用主机名列表，你可以很容易地调整它。

Ping-IPRange.ps1

function Ping-IPRange 
{
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
        Sends ICMP echo request packets to a range of IPv4 addresses between two given addresses.

    .DESCRIPTION
        This function lets you sends ICMP echo request packets ("pings") to 
        a range of IPv4 addresses using an asynchronous method.

        Therefore this technique is very fast but comes with a warning.
        Ping sweeping a large subnet or network with many switches may result in 
        a peak of broadcast traffic.
        Use the -Interval parameter to adjust the time between each ping request.
        For example, an interval of 60 milliseconds is suitable for wireless networks.
        The RawOutput parameter switches the output to an unformatted
        [System.Net.NetworkInformation.PingReply[]].

    .INPUTS
        None
        You cannot pipe input to this function.

    .OUTPUTS
        The function only returns output from successful pings.

        Type: System.Net.NetworkInformation.PingReply

        The RawOutput parameter switches the output to an unformatted
        [System.Net.NetworkInformation.PingReply[]].

    .NOTES
        Author  : G.A.F.F. Jakobs
        Created : August 30, 2014
        Version : 6

        Revision History: Kory Gill, 2016/01/09
            formatting
            added better error handling
            close progress indicator when complete

    .EXAMPLE
        Ping-IPRange -StartAddress 192.168.1.1 -EndAddress 192.168.1.254 -Interval 20

        IPAddress                                 Bytes                     Ttl           ResponseTime
        ---------                                 -----                     ---           ------------
        192.168.1.41                                 32                      64                    371
        192.168.1.57                                 32                     128                      0
        192.168.1.64                                 32                     128                      1
        192.168.1.63                                 32                      64                     88
        192.168.1.254                                32                      64                      0

        In this example all the ip addresses between 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.254 are pinged using 
        a 20 millisecond interval between each request.
        All the addresses that reply the ping request are listed.

    .LINK
        http://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/Fast-asynchronous-ping-IP-d0a5cf0e

    #>
    [CmdletBinding(ConfirmImpact='Low')]
    Param(
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
        [System.Net.IPAddress]$StartAddress,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 1)]
        [System.Net.IPAddress]$EndAddress,
        [int]$Interval = 30,
        [Switch]$RawOutput = $false
    )

    $timeout = 2000

    function New-Range ($start, $end) {

        [byte[]]$BySt = $start.GetAddressBytes()
        [Array]::Reverse($BySt)
        [byte[]]$ByEn = $end.GetAddressBytes()
        [Array]::Reverse($ByEn)
        $i1 = [System.BitConverter]::ToUInt32($BySt,0)
        $i2 = [System.BitConverter]::ToUInt32($ByEn,0)
        for ($x = $i1;$x -le $i2;$x++)
        {
            $ip = ([System.Net.IPAddress]$x).GetAddressBytes()
            [Array]::Reverse($ip)
            [System.Net.IPAddress]::Parse($($ip -join '.'))
        }
    }

    $ipRange = New-Range $StartAddress $EndAddress

    $IpTotal = $ipRange.Count

    Get-Event -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*" | Remove-Event
    Get-EventSubscriber -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*" | Unregister-Event

    $ipRange | ForEach-Object {

        [string]$VarName = "Ping_" + $_.Address

        New-Variable -Name $VarName -Value (New-Object System.Net.NetworkInformation.Ping)

        Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject (Get-Variable $VarName -ValueOnly) -EventName PingCompleted -SourceIdentifier "ID-$VarName"

        (Get-Variable $VarName -ValueOnly).SendAsync($_,$timeout,$VarName)

        Remove-Variable $VarName

        try
        {

            $pending = (Get-Event -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*").Count

        } 
        catch [System.InvalidOperationException]
        {
            $pending = 0
        }

        $index = [array]::indexof($ipRange,$_)

        Write-Progress -Activity "Sending ping to" -Id 1 -status $_.IPAddressToString -PercentComplete (($index / $IpTotal)  * 100)

        $percentComplete = ($($index - $pending), 0 | Measure-Object -Maximum).Maximum

        Write-Progress -Activity "ICMP requests pending" -Id 2 -ParentId 1 -Status ($index - $pending) -PercentComplete ($percentComplete/$IpTotal * 100)

        Start-Sleep -Milliseconds $Interval
    }

    Write-Progress -Activity "Done sending ping requests" -Id 1 -Status 'Waiting' -PercentComplete 100 

    while ($pending -lt $IpTotal) {

        Wait-Event -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*" | Out-Null

        Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 10

        try
        {

            $pending = (Get-Event -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*").Count

        }
        catch [System.InvalidOperationException]
        {
            $pending = 0
        }

        $percentComplete = ($($IpTotal - $pending), 0 | Measure-Object -Maximum).Maximum

        Write-Progress -Activity "ICMP requests pending" -Id 2 -ParentId 1 -Status ($IpTotal - $pending) -PercentComplete ($percentComplete/$IpTotal * 100)
    }

    Write-Progress -Completed -Id 2 -ParentId 1 -Activity "Completed"
    Write-Progress -Completed -Id 1 -Activity "Completed"

     $Reply = @()

    if ($RawOutput)
    {
        Get-Event -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*" | ForEach { 
            if ($_.SourceEventArgs.Reply.Status -eq "Success")
            {
                $Reply += $_.SourceEventArgs.Reply
            }
            Unregister-Event $_.SourceIdentifier
            Remove-Event $_.SourceIdentifier
        }
    }
    else
    {
        Get-Event -SourceIdentifier "ID-Ping*" | ForEach-Object { 
            if ($_.SourceEventArgs.Reply.Status -eq "Success")
            {
                $pinger = @{
                    IPAddress = $_.SourceEventArgs.Reply.Address
                    Bytes = $_.SourceEventArgs.Reply.Buffer.Length
                    Ttl = $_.SourceEventArgs.Reply.Options.Ttl
                    ResponseTime = $_.SourceEventArgs.Reply.RoundtripTime
                }
                $Reply += New-Object PSObject -Property $pinger
            }
            Unregister-Event $_.SourceIdentifier
            Remove-Event $_.SourceIdentifier
        }
    }

    if ($Reply.Count -eq 0)
    {
        Write-Verbose "Ping-IPRange : No IP address responded" -Verbose
    }

    return $Reply
}

- Kory Gill