如何用Spock以一种良好的方式（例如数据表）测试异常？
示例：有一个方法validateUser，如果用户有效，它可能会抛出不同消息或不抛出异常。
规范类本身：
class User { String userName }
class SomeSpec extends spock.lang.Specification {
...tests go here...
private validateUser(User user) {
if (!user) throw new Exception ('no user')
if (!user.userName) throw new Exception ('no userName')
}
}
变体1
这个方案是可行的，但是由于所有的when/then标签和反复调用validateUser(user)，使得真正的意图变得混乱。
def 'validate user - the long way - working but not nice'() {
when:
def user = new User(userName: 'tester')
validateUser(user)
then:
noExceptionThrown()
when:
user = new User(userName: null)
validateUser(user)
then:
def ex = thrown(Exception)
ex.message == 'no userName'
when:
user = null
validateUser(user)
then:
ex = thrown(Exception)
ex.message == 'no user'
}
变体 2
这个不起作用，是因为Spock在编译时引发了这个错误：
例外情况仅在“then”块中允许
def 'validate user - data table 1 - not working'() {
when:
validateUser(user)
then:
check()
where:
user || check
new User(userName: 'tester') || { noExceptionThrown() }
new User(userName: null) || { Exception ex = thrown(); ex.message == 'no userName' }
null || { Exception ex = thrown(); ex.message == 'no user' }
}
变量3
这个不起作用是因为Spock在编译时抛出了以下错误：
异常条件只允许作为顶级语句
def 'validate user - data table 2 - not working'() {
when:
validateUser(user)
then:
if (expectedException) {
def ex = thrown(expectedException)
ex.message == expectedMessage
} else {
noExceptionThrown()
}
where:
user || expectedException | expectedMessage
new User(userName: 'tester') || null | null
new User(userName: null) || Exception | 'no userName'
null || Exception | 'no user'
}