有没有办法使用NLTK WordNet找到适当的专有名词?也就是说,我是否能够使用nltk WordNet标记所有格名词?
我认为你不需要使用WordNet来查找专有名词,我建议使用词性标注器pos_tag
。
要查找专有名词,请寻找NNP
标记:
from nltk.tag import pos_tag
sentence = "Michael Jackson likes to eat at McDonalds"
tagged_sent = pos_tag(sentence.split())
# [('Michael', 'NNP'), ('Jackson', 'NNP'), ('likes', 'VBZ'), ('to', 'TO'), ('eat', 'VB'), ('at', 'IN'), ('McDonalds', 'NNP')]
propernouns = [word for word,pos in tagged_sent if pos == 'NNP']
# ['Michael','Jackson', 'McDonalds']
由于 Michael
和 Jackson
被分成了两个标记,可能会让您感到不太满意,那么您可能需要更复杂的东西,比如命名实体识别器。
根据 penntreebank
标签集的文档记录,对于所有格名词,您可以简单地查找 POS
标签,http://www.mozart-oz.org/mogul/doc/lager/brill-tagger/penn.html。但是通常情况下,当它是一个 NNP
时,标注器不会标记 POS
。
要查找所有格名词,请查找以 "'s" 或 "s'" 结尾的字符串:
from nltk.tag import pos_tag
sentence = "Michael Jackson took Daniel Jackson's hamburger and Agnes' fries"
tagged_sent = pos_tag(sentence.split())
# [('Michael', 'NNP'), ('Jackson', 'NNP'), ('took', 'VBD'), ('Daniel', 'NNP'), ("Jackson's", 'NNP'), ('hamburger', 'NN'), ('and', 'CC'), ("Agnes'", 'NNP'), ('fries', 'NNS')]
possessives = [word for word in sentence if word.endswith("'s") or word.endswith("s'")]
# ["Jackson's", "Agnes'"]
或者,你可以使用NLTK的ne_chunk
,但除非你关心从句子中获取什么类型的专有名词,否则它似乎并没有做太多事情:
或者,您可以使用NLTK的ne_chunk
,但除非您关心从句子中获取何种类型的专有名词,否则它似乎不会有太大作用:
>>> from nltk.tree import Tree; from nltk.chunk import ne_chunk
>>> [chunk for chunk in ne_chunk(tagged_sent) if isinstance(chunk, Tree)]
[Tree('PERSON', [('Michael', 'NNP')]), Tree('PERSON', [('Jackson', 'NNP')]), Tree('PERSON', [('Daniel', 'NNP')])]
>>> [i[0] for i in list(chain(*[chunk.leaves() for chunk in ne_chunk(tagged_sent) if isinstance(chunk, Tree)]))]
['Michael', 'Jackson', 'Daniel']
使用ne_chunk
有点冗长,而且它不能获得所有的所有格。