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为Python 3和Python 2编写包装器的区别

c++python-3.xcompilationwrapperaggdraw
3
在Python中，如果想要使Python包装C++库与Py3兼容，是否需要以不同的方式编写Python包装器？或者说原本针对Py2编写的包装器是否也能在Py3上正常工作？我了解到，Python包装器是在.cxx文件中用C++编写的，然后必须进行编译。
我提出这个问题是因为我想安装Aggdraw（一个C++ Anti Grain Geometry绘图库的包装器），它可以在Python 2.6-7上工作，但在Python 3.4上会出现错误（通过在命令行中使用“PATH=C:/Python27[or Python34]”和“python setup.py install”在Windows 7 32位上安装）。我的希望是将此惊人的包装器模块恢复到Python 3，并希望其他人能够帮助我。 我可以在Python 2.6和2.7上顺利编译它，而且我拥有Visual C ++ 2008和2010，所以这不是编译器问题。问题似乎出在实际的.cxx包装器代码中。
可能Aggdraw包装器只考虑了Python 2x（现在已有近10年）的情况，因此它没有考虑到Python 3x可能出现的问题。我最好的猜测是由于Python 3.4中被弃用和更改的特性，包装器无法将某些C++对象/类型转换为Python。
如果有人能帮助我确定故障部分（请参见下面的命令行错误代码），我可能愿意查看.cxx包装器代码以更改必要的部分。如果我们修复了它，那么我将使用指向“复活”的包装器代码的链接更新此帖子。
如果Python 2和3包装器之间不应该有区别，任何想法为什么我在Py3中收到下面的错误代码而不是Py2？
谢谢！
原始包装器代码：点击这里 
C:\Users\BIGKIMO\Desktop\aggdraw-master>python setup.py build
=== freetype not available (edit setup.py to enable)
running install
running build
running build_ext
building 'aggdraw' extension
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /
W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -Iagg2/include -IC:\Python34\include -IC:\Python34\include /Tpa
ggdraw.cxx /Fobuild\temp.win32-3.4\Release\aggdraw.obj
aggdraw.cxx
aggdraw.cxx(124) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char
 [5]' to 'Py_ssize_t'
        There is no context in which this conversion is possible
aggdraw.cxx(126) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'destructor
' to 'printfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(128) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'getattrfun
c' to 'setattrfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(142) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char
 [4]' to 'Py_ssize_t'
        There is no context in which this conversion is possible
aggdraw.cxx(144) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'destructor
' to 'printfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(161) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char
 [6]' to 'Py_ssize_t'
        There is no context in which this conversion is possible
aggdraw.cxx(163) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'destructor
' to 'printfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(187) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char
 [5]' to 'Py_ssize_t'
        There is no context in which this conversion is possible
aggdraw.cxx(189) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'destructor
' to 'printfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(191) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'getattrfun
c' to 'setattrfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(207) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char
 [5]' to 'Py_ssize_t'
        There is no context in which this conversion is possible
aggdraw.cxx(209) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'destructor
' to 'printfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(211) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'getattrfun
c' to 'setattrfunc'
        This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-
style cast
aggdraw.cxx(488) : error C3861: 'PyString_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(489) : error C3861: 'PyString_AS_STRING': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(575) : error C3861: 'PyString_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(583) : error C3861: 'PyString_AS_STRING': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(584) : error C3861: 'PyString_GET_SIZE': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(730) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(730) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AS_LONG': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(731) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(731) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AS_LONG': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(735) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(735) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AS_LONG': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(736) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(736) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AS_LONG': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(742) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(742) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AS_LONG': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(745) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(745) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AS_LONG': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(759) : error C3861: 'PyInt_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(760) : error C3861: 'PyInt_AsLong': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(763) : error C3861: 'PyString_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(765) : error C3861: 'PyString_AS_STRING': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(788) : error C3861: 'PyString_Check': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(789) : error C3861: 'PyString_AS_STRING': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(1157) : error C3861: 'PyString_FromStringAndSize': identifier not fo
und
aggdraw.cxx(1289) : error C3861: 'PyString_FromString': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(1294) : error C3861: 'Py_FindMethod': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(1482) : error C3861: 'Py_FindMethod': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(1890) : error C3861: 'Py_FindMethod': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(1910) : error C3646: 'initaggdraw' : unknown override specifier
aggdraw.cxx(1911) : error C2091: function returns function
aggdraw.cxx(1911) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++
 does not support default-int
aggdraw.cxx(1912) : error C2039: 'ob_type' : is not a member of '_typeobject'
        c:\python34\include\object.h(334) : see declaration of '_typeobject'
aggdraw.cxx(1912) : error C2039: 'ob_type' : is not a member of '_typeobject'
        c:\python34\include\object.h(334) : see declaration of '_typeobject'
aggdraw.cxx(1913) : error C2039: 'ob_type' : is not a member of '_typeobject'
        c:\python34\include\object.h(334) : see declaration of '_typeobject'
aggdraw.cxx(1913) : error C2039: 'ob_type' : is not a member of '_typeobject'
        c:\python34\include\object.h(334) : see declaration of '_typeobject'
aggdraw.cxx(1913) : error C2039: 'ob_type' : is not a member of '_typeobject'
        c:\python34\include\object.h(334) : see declaration of '_typeobject'
aggdraw.cxx(1915) : error C3861: 'Py_InitModule': identifier not found
aggdraw.cxx(1940) : warning C4508: 'DL_EXPORT' : function should return a value;
 'void' return type assumed
2个回答
3
1
为了进一步扩展之前的答案，许多在Py2.7中作用于字符串的函数现在作用于字节或Unicode。类似地，原先指int的内容现在可能指long。这里导致问题的一个例子是，PyString_Check已被pyBytes_Check取代。阅读以下内容以获取更多详细信息：

https://docs.python.org/3/howto/cporting.html?highlight=pystring

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