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在Windows 10上安装Python 3.6的matplotlib和其他库失败

pythonmatplotlibpipcondapython-3.6
6

我最近买了一台新的笔记本电脑，想要安装我所有的Python库。但是有些库就是无法安装，比如matplotlib。

我的电脑信息：Windows 10系统，Python版本为3.6，根据pip显示已经安装了以下这些库。

colorama (0.3.7)
Django (1.8.17)
Mathics (1.0)
mpmath (0.19)
pip (9.0.1)
python-dateutil (2.6.0)
setuptools (32.3.0)
six (1.10.0)
sympy (1.0)
wheel (0.29.0)

"pip install matplotlib" 的结果：

Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
      exec(line)
    File "", line 1, in 
    File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
  AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
Collecting matplotlib
  Using cached matplotlib-1.5.3.tar.gz
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
 Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    Error processing line 1 of c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-py3.6-nspkg.pth:
Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "c:\users\marvi\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site.py", line 169, in addpackage
          exec(line)
        File "", line 1, in 
        File "", line 557, in module_from_spec
      AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'loader'
Remainder of file ignored
    ============================================================================
    Edit setup.cfg to change the build options
BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
                matplotlib: yes [1.5.3]
                    python: yes [3.6.0 (v3.6.0:41df79263a11, Dec 23 2016,
                            08:06:12) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)]]
                  platform: yes [win32]
REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
                     numpy: yes [not found. pip may install it below.]
                  dateutil: yes [using dateutil version 2.6.0]
                      pytz: yes [pytz was not found. pip will attempt to install
                            it after matplotlib.]
                    cycler: yes [cycler was not found. pip will attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                   tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the
                            WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                 pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for
                            mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                    libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
                            be found. Using local copy.]
                  freetype: no  [The C/C++ header for freetype (ft2build.h)
                            could not be found.  You may need to install the
                            development package.]
                       png: no  [The C/C++ header for png (png.h) could not be
                            found.  You may need to install the development
                            package.]
                     qhull: yes [pkg-config information for 'qhull' could not be
                            found. Using local copy.]
OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES
               sample_data: yes [installing]
                  toolkits: yes [installing]
                     tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the
                            matplotlib test suite. Please install it with pip or
                            your preferred tool to run the test suite / using
                            unittest.mock]
            toolkits_tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the
                            matplotlib test suite. Please install it with pip or
                            your preferred tool to run the test suite / using
                            unittest.mock]
OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS
                    macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]
                    qt5agg: no  [PyQt5 not found]
                    qt4agg: no  [PySide not found; PyQt4 not found]
                   gtk3agg: no  [Requires pygobject to be installed.]
                 gtk3cairo: no  [Requires cairocffi or pycairo to be installed.]
                    gtkagg: no  [Requires pygtk]
                     tkagg: yes [installing; run-time loading from Python Tcl /
                            Tk]
                     wxagg: no  [requires wxPython]
                       gtk: no  [Requires pygtk]
                       agg: yes [installing]
                     cairo: no  [cairocffi or pycairo not found]
                 windowing: yes [installing]
OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES
                    dvipng: no
               ghostscript: no
                     latex: no
                   pdftops: no
OPTIONAL PACKAGE DATA
                      dlls: no  [skipping due to configuration]
============================================================================
                            * The following required packages can not be built:
                            * freetype, png
----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in C:\Users\marvi\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-a0hjoody\matplotlib\

基本上，这是关于缓存文件的问题，还有一堆来自site.py的AttributeError错误以及一些关于没有freetype或png的内容。我尝试修复site.py，但仍然无法工作。我尝试了来自PyPi的.whl文件，但也不起作用。我尝试使用“pip install matplotlib --no-cache-dir”，结果相同。我尝试手动下载png和freetype，但找不到它们。我想要下载的所有其他库（NumPy，SciPy，pandas）都遇到了大致相同的问题。

1
所以，我尝试启动一个全新的Win 10操作系统，安装了Python 3.6，你是正确的。它缺少一些包...你可以在这里找到Freetype（https://sourceforge.net/projects/freetype/files/freetype2/2.7/），PNG（https://sourceforge.net/projects/libpng/files/libpng16/）也在这里。希望这能帮到你。 - andrepogg
1
尝试使用此freetype和此PNG。当您安装“exe”时，我认为您就可以了。 - andrepogg
我在 OS X 上使用 3.6 时遇到了类似的问题。 - cdarke
1
更新：在OS X上，从@andrepogg提供的链接安装freetype和PNG工作得很好。非常感谢。 - cdarke
如果有安慰的话，我已经在Windows 10上尝试了相同的程序，即使安装了freetype和png，结果仍然完全相同。 - cdarke
显示剩余7条评论
3个回答
2
1.5.1版本没有这个问题，请您检查一下：
pip install matplotlib==1.5.1
1.5.1的输出相同：一堆AttributeError和找不到png或freetype。 - user5442649
我遇到了这个错误：Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-5rm3rvdv/matplotlib/。 - Netmoon
2
如果您正在使用Python 3.6的Anaconda，则可以使用以下命令：
conda install -c conda-forge python=3.6.0
conda install matplotlib --channel conda-forge

要下载Anaconda，请访问https://www.continuum.io/downloads

然而我没有安装Anaconda，那么我该如何下载它呢？ - user5442649
谢谢，但我现在不在电脑旁边，无法测试。 - user5442649
我决定使用Python 3.5.2，并下载了Anaconda，获得了许多库。谢谢！ - user5442649
0

像你一样，我在这个问题上兜了很多圈！

如果你从PyPI安装，应该是没问题的。我使用的是matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl，但也有一个64位版本。

我使用 cmd.exe 以"管理员身份运行"进行安装，并将python目录添加到环境变量中：

pip3 install matplotlib-2.0.0rc2-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl
我收到了更多的错误信息：https://gist.github.com/ev3commander/3f1defb5cb440d7cddd4d2a6c89f2889 - user5442649
我觉得我需要删除所有与Python3.6相关的内容并下载Python3.5.4，因为在我的桌面上使用Python3.5.4时它可以正常工作... - user5442649
我以不同于你的方式安装了3.6，但我不知道这是否会有所不同。我进行了“自定义安装”，在“高级选项”中勾选了“为所有用户安装”。 这将3.6安装到“Program Files（x86）”而不是本地应用程序目录。 我曾经遇到过本地安装的其他问题。 - cdarke
你先执行了 pip3 install numpy 吗？从你的错误信息来看，这可能是问题所在。 - cdarke
我想补充一下我的报告，使用64位Python 3.6在Windows 10上，我成功地执行了“pip install numpy”，然后是“pip install matplotlib”...就这样。比在2.7下所需的步骤简单多了。 - Darren Ringer
显示剩余2条评论
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