我正在使用Perl编写一个处理文档的程序,其中许多文档都包含像ä, ö, ü, é
等字符(大小写均有)。我想将它们替换为ASCII对应字符a, o, u, e
等。在Perl中应该如何实现?
其中一种解决方案是创建一个哈希表,将umlaut和重音字符作为键,ASCII对应字符作为值,但这需要我列出所有umlaut和重音字符的列表,而我没有这个列表,如果我自己列出这个列表,我肯定会错过很多字符,因为我不熟悉所有可能带有umlaut、重音和其他变音符号的字符。
我正在使用Perl编写一个处理文档的程序,其中许多文档都包含像ä, ö, ü, é
等字符(大小写均有)。我想将它们替换为ASCII对应字符a, o, u, e
等。在Perl中应该如何实现?
其中一种解决方案是创建一个哈希表,将umlaut和重音字符作为键,ASCII对应字符作为值,但这需要我列出所有umlaut和重音字符的列表,而我没有这个列表,如果我自己列出这个列表,我肯定会错过很多字符,因为我不熟悉所有可能带有umlaut、重音和其他变音符号的字符。
通常情况下,如果你遇到一个很可能不仅仅是你自己的问题,那么在CPAN上已经有了解决方案。在这种情况下,它被称为Text::Unidecode
use warnings;
use strict;
use utf8;
use Text::Unidecode;
print unidecode('ä, ö, ü, é'); # will print 'a, o, u, e'
使用s///
(=搜索和替换)代替m//
(=匹配)
例如:$name =~ s/\x00c0/A/g;
sub store_utf82_encoding{
##see file UTF8vowels.txt
#converts UTF8 Euro vowels to nearest English equivant
my $name=$_[0];
$name =~m/\x00c0/A/g; #Agrav
$name =~m/\x00c1/A/g; # Aacute
$name =~m/\x00c2/A/g; # Acap
$name =~m/\x00c3/A/g; # Atilde
$name =~m/\x00c4/A/g; # Auml
$name =~m/\x00c5/A/g; # Aring
$name =~m/\x00c6/AE/g; # AE
$name =~m/\x00c7/Ch/g; # Ccedilla
$name =~m/\x00c8/E/g; #Egrav
$name =~m/\x00c9/E/g; # Eacute
$name =~m/\x00ca/E/g; # Ecap
$name =~m/\x00cb/E/g; # Euml
$name =~m/\x00cc/I/g; # Igrav
$name =~m/\x00cd/I/g; # Iacut
$name =~m/\x00ce/I/g; # Icap
$name =~m/\x00cf/I/g; # Iuml
$name =~m/\x00d0/Th/g; #CapEth
$name =~m/\x00d1/NY/g; # Ntild
$name =~m/\x00d2/O/g; # Ograv
$name =~m/\x00d3/O/g; # Oacute
$name =~m/\x00d4/O/g; # Ocap
$name =~m/\x00d5/Th/g; # Otilde
$name =~m/\x00d6/O/g; # Ouml
$name =~m/\x00d8/O/g; # Ostroke
$name =~m/\x00d9/U/g; # Ugrav
$name =~m/\x00da/U/g; # Uacute
$name =~m/\x00db/U/g; # Ucap
$name =~m/\x00dc/U/g; # Uuml
$name =~m/\x00dd/Y/g; # Yacute
$name =~m/\x00de/Th/g; # CapThorn
$name =~m/\x00df/SS/g; # GermanUCss Ezette
$name =~m/\x00e0/a/g; # agrav
$name =~m/\x00e1/a/g; # aacute
$name =~m/\x00e2/a/g; # acap
$name =~m/\x00e3/a/g; # atilde
$name =~m/\x00e4/a/g; # auml
$name =~m/\x00e5/a/g; # aring
$name =~m/\x00e6/ae/g; # ae
$name =~m/\x00e7/ch/g; # ccedilla
$name =~m/\x00e8/e/g; # egrav
$name =~m/\x00e9/e/g; # eacute
$name =~m/\x00ea/e/g; # ecap
$name =~m/\x00eb/e/g; # euml
$name =~m/\x00ec/i/g; # igrav
$name =~m/\x00ed/i/g; # iacute
$name =~m/\x00ee/i/g; # icap
$name =~m/\x00ef/i/g; # iuml
$name =~m/\x00f0/th/g; # lowercase eth
$name =~m/\x00f1/ny/g; # ntilde
$name =~m/\x00f2/o/g; # ograv
$name =~m/\x00f3/o/g; # oacute
$name =~m/\x00f4/o/g; # ocap
$name =~m/\x00f5/th/g; # otilde
$name =~m/\x00f6/o/g; # ouml
$name =~m/\x00f8/o/g; # ostroke
$name =~m/\x00f9/u/g; # ugrav
$name =~m/\x00fa/u/g; # uacute
$name =~m/\x00fb/u/g; # ucap
$name =~m/\x00fc/u/g; # uuml
$name =~m/\x00fe/th/g; # lowercase thorn
$name =~m/\x00fd/y/g; # yacute
$name =~m/\x00ff/y/g; # yuml
return $name;
} #endsub store_utf82_encoding