我想使用鼠标在HTML画布上绘图(例如,签名、姓名的绘制...)
我该如何实现这个功能?
我想使用鼠标在HTML画布上绘图(例如,签名、姓名的绘制...)
我该如何实现这个功能?
这里是一个可用的示例。
<html>
<script type="text/javascript">
var canvas, ctx, flag = false,
prevX = 0,
currX = 0,
prevY = 0,
currY = 0,
dot_flag = false;
var x = "black",
y = 2;
function init() {
canvas = document.getElementById('can');
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
w = canvas.width;
h = canvas.height;
canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", function (e) {
findxy('move', e)
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("mousedown", function (e) {
findxy('down', e)
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("mouseup", function (e) {
findxy('up', e)
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("mouseout", function (e) {
findxy('out', e)
}, false);
}
function color(obj) {
switch (obj.id) {
case "green":
x = "green";
break;
case "blue":
x = "blue";
break;
case "red":
x = "red";
break;
case "yellow":
x = "yellow";
break;
case "orange":
x = "orange";
break;
case "black":
x = "black";
break;
case "white":
x = "white";
break;
}
if (x == "white") y = 14;
else y = 2;
}
function draw() {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(prevX, prevY);
ctx.lineTo(currX, currY);
ctx.strokeStyle = x;
ctx.lineWidth = y;
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
}
function erase() {
var m = confirm("Want to clear");
if (m) {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, w, h);
document.getElementById("canvasimg").style.display = "none";
}
}
function save() {
document.getElementById("canvasimg").style.border = "2px solid";
var dataURL = canvas.toDataURL();
document.getElementById("canvasimg").src = dataURL;
document.getElementById("canvasimg").style.display = "inline";
}
function findxy(res, e) {
if (res == 'down') {
prevX = currX;
prevY = currY;
currX = e.clientX - canvas.offsetLeft;
currY = e.clientY - canvas.offsetTop;
flag = true;
dot_flag = true;
if (dot_flag) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = x;
ctx.fillRect(currX, currY, 2, 2);
ctx.closePath();
dot_flag = false;
}
}
if (res == 'up' || res == "out") {
flag = false;
}
if (res == 'move') {
if (flag) {
prevX = currX;
prevY = currY;
currX = e.clientX - canvas.offsetLeft;
currY = e.clientY - canvas.offsetTop;
draw();
}
}
}
</script>
<body onload="init()">
<canvas id="can" width="400" height="400" style="position:absolute;top:10%;left:10%;border:2px solid;"></canvas>
<div style="position:absolute;top:12%;left:43%;">Choose Color</div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:15%;left:45%;width:10px;height:10px;background:green;" id="green" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:15%;left:46%;width:10px;height:10px;background:blue;" id="blue" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:15%;left:47%;width:10px;height:10px;background:red;" id="red" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:17%;left:45%;width:10px;height:10px;background:yellow;" id="yellow" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:17%;left:46%;width:10px;height:10px;background:orange;" id="orange" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:17%;left:47%;width:10px;height:10px;background:black;" id="black" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:20%;left:43%;">Eraser</div>
<div style="position:absolute;top:22%;left:45%;width:15px;height:15px;background:white;border:2px solid;" id="white" onclick="color(this)"></div>
<img id="canvasimg" style="position:absolute;top:10%;left:52%;" style="display:none;">
<input type="button" value="save" id="btn" size="30" onclick="save()" style="position:absolute;top:55%;left:10%;">
<input type="button" value="clear" id="clr" size="23" onclick="erase()" style="position:absolute;top:55%;left:15%;">
</body>
</html>
canvas.offsetLeft;
和canvas.offsetTop;
分别更改为canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left;
和canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top;
。 - KWILLIAMStouchmove
、touchstart
、touchend
,然后在findxy()
代码中使用e.touches["0"].clientX
来获取clientX
。但我还没有想到一种简单的方法来检测正在使用的是什么,因为根据我的测试,无法同时监听两个事件。我保留了mouseout
。虽然不完美,但它确实可以工作。 - Jacob David C. Cunningham我认为,这里的其他例子都太复杂了。这个例子更简单,而且只涉及JS...
// create canvas element and append it to document body
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
document.body.appendChild(canvas);
// some hotfixes... ( ≖_≖)
document.body.style.margin = 0;
canvas.style.position = 'fixed';
// get canvas 2D context and set him correct size
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
resize();
// last known position
var pos = { x: 0, y: 0 };
window.addEventListener('resize', resize);
document.addEventListener('mousemove', draw);
document.addEventListener('mousedown', setPosition);
document.addEventListener('mouseenter', setPosition);
// new position from mouse event
function setPosition(e) {
pos.x = e.clientX;
pos.y = e.clientY;
}
// resize canvas
function resize() {
ctx.canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
ctx.canvas.height = window.innerHeight;
}
function draw(e) {
// mouse left button must be pressed
if (e.buttons !== 1) return;
ctx.beginPath(); // begin
ctx.lineWidth = 5;
ctx.lineCap = 'round';
ctx.strokeStyle = '#c0392b';
ctx.moveTo(pos.x, pos.y); // from
setPosition(e);
ctx.lineTo(pos.x, pos.y); // to
ctx.stroke(); // draw it!
}
if (e.buttons !== 1) return;
;-). - Matěj Pokornýresize
函数。我根据窗口大小设置画布的宽度和高度。你应该根据你的<div class="container-fluid">
来设置这些值。 - Matěj Pokornývar rect = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
pos.x = e.clientX - rect.left;
pos.y = e.clientY - rect.top;
- darma以下是使用canvas创建绘图应用程序的最简单方法:
mousedown
, mousemove
和 mouseup
事件侦听器附加到画布DOM。mousedown
中,获取鼠标坐标,并使用moveTo()
方法定位绘图光标和beginPath()
方法开始新的绘图路径。mousemove
中,不断使用lineTo()
将新点添加到路径中,并使用stroke()
为最后一段着色。mouseup
中,设置一个标志来禁用绘图。从那里开始,您可以添加各种其他功能,例如让用户能够选择线条粗细、颜色、刷子笔触,甚至是图层。
stroke()
时,它会自动关闭路径。 - Random_Pythoneer59我也想将这种方法用于签名,我在http://codetheory.in/上找到了一个示例。
我已经将以下代码添加到了jsfiddle中。
Html:
<div id="sketch">
<canvas id="paint"></canvas>
</div>
JavaScript:
(function() {
var canvas = document.querySelector('#paint');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var sketch = document.querySelector('#sketch');
var sketch_style = getComputedStyle(sketch);
canvas.width = parseInt(sketch_style.getPropertyValue('width'));
canvas.height = parseInt(sketch_style.getPropertyValue('height'));
var mouse = {x: 0, y: 0};
var last_mouse = {x: 0, y: 0};
/* Mouse Capturing Work */
canvas.addEventListener('mousemove', function(e) {
last_mouse.x = mouse.x;
last_mouse.y = mouse.y;
mouse.x = e.pageX - this.offsetLeft;
mouse.y = e.pageY - this.offsetTop;
}, false);
/* Drawing on Paint App */
ctx.lineWidth = 5;
ctx.lineJoin = 'round';
ctx.lineCap = 'round';
ctx.strokeStyle = 'blue';
canvas.addEventListener('mousedown', function(e) {
canvas.addEventListener('mousemove', onPaint, false);
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener('mouseup', function() {
canvas.removeEventListener('mousemove', onPaint, false);
}, false);
var onPaint = function() {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(last_mouse.x, last_mouse.y);
ctx.lineTo(mouse.x, mouse.y);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();
};
}());
我必须为这个主题提供一个简单的例子,所以我在这里分享:
http://jsfiddle.net/Haelle/v6tfp2e1
class SignTool {
constructor() {
this.initVars()
this.initEvents()
}
initVars() {
this.canvas = $('#canvas')[0]
this.ctx = this.canvas.getContext("2d")
this.isMouseClicked = false
this.isMouseInCanvas = false
this.prevX = 0
this.currX = 0
this.prevY = 0
this.currY = 0
}
initEvents() {
$('#canvas').on("mousemove", (e) => this.onMouseMove(e))
$('#canvas').on("mousedown", (e) => this.onMouseDown(e))
$('#canvas').on("mouseup", () => this.onMouseUp())
$('#canvas').on("mouseout", () => this.onMouseOut())
$('#canvas').on("mouseenter", (e) => this.onMouseEnter(e))
}
onMouseDown(e) {
this.isMouseClicked = true
this.updateCurrentPosition(e)
}
onMouseUp() {
this.isMouseClicked = false
}
onMouseEnter(e) {
this.isMouseInCanvas = true
this.updateCurrentPosition(e)
}
onMouseOut() {
this.isMouseInCanvas = false
}
onMouseMove(e) {
if (this.isMouseClicked && this.isMouseInCanvas) {
this.updateCurrentPosition(e)
this.draw()
}
}
updateCurrentPosition(e) {
this.prevX = this.currX
this.prevY = this.currY
this.currX = e.clientX - this.canvas.offsetLeft
this.currY = e.clientY - this.canvas.offsetTop
}
draw() {
this.ctx.beginPath()
this.ctx.moveTo(this.prevX, this.prevY)
this.ctx.lineTo(this.currX, this.currY)
this.ctx.strokeStyle = "black"
this.ctx.lineWidth = 2
this.ctx.stroke()
this.ctx.closePath()
}
}
var canvas = new SignTool()
canvas {
position: absolute;
border: 2px solid;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<canvas id="canvas" width="500" height="300"></canvas>
这里是我简单的画布绘制和擦除示例。
https://jsfiddle.net/richardcwc/d2gxjdva/
//Canvas
var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
//Variables
var canvasx = $(canvas).offset().left;
var canvasy = $(canvas).offset().top;
var last_mousex = last_mousey = 0;
var mousex = mousey = 0;
var mousedown = false;
var tooltype = 'draw';
//Mousedown
$(canvas).on('mousedown', function(e) {
last_mousex = mousex = parseInt(e.clientX-canvasx);
last_mousey = mousey = parseInt(e.clientY-canvasy);
mousedown = true;
});
//Mouseup
$(canvas).on('mouseup', function(e) {
mousedown = false;
});
//Mousemove
$(canvas).on('mousemove', function(e) {
mousex = parseInt(e.clientX-canvasx);
mousey = parseInt(e.clientY-canvasy);
if(mousedown) {
ctx.beginPath();
if(tooltype=='draw') {
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
ctx.strokeStyle = 'black';
ctx.lineWidth = 3;
} else {
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-out';
ctx.lineWidth = 10;
}
ctx.moveTo(last_mousex,last_mousey);
ctx.lineTo(mousex,mousey);
ctx.lineJoin = ctx.lineCap = 'round';
ctx.stroke();
}
last_mousex = mousex;
last_mousey = mousey;
//Output
$('#output').html('current: '+mousex+', '+mousey+'<br/>last: '+last_mousex+', '+last_mousey+'<br/>mousedown: '+mousedown);
});
//Use draw|erase
use_tool = function(tool) {
tooltype = tool; //update
}
canvas {
cursor: crosshair;
border: 1px solid #000000;
}
<canvas id="canvas" width="800" height="500"></canvas>
<input type="button" value="draw" onclick="use_tool('draw');" />
<input type="button" value="erase" onclick="use_tool('erase');" />
<div id="output"></div>
position:absolute
的超简洁版本在这里。主要思路是将画布的上下文移动到正确的坐标并绘制一条线。取消下面的mousedown
和mousemove
事件处理程序的注释并注释掉click
事件处理程序,以了解它的工作原理。<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p style="margin: 50px">Just some padding in y direction</p>
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="300" height="300" style="background: #000; margin-left: 100px;">Your browser does not support the HTML5 canvas tag.</canvas>
<script>
const c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
// c.addEventListener("click", penTool); // fires after mouse left btn is released
c.addEventListener("mousedown", setLastCoords); // fires before mouse left btn is released
c.addEventListener("mousemove", freeForm);
const ctx = c.getContext("2d");
function setLastCoords(e) {
const {x, y} = c.getBoundingClientRect();
lastX = e.clientX - x;
lastY = e.clientY - y;
}
function freeForm(e) {
if (e.buttons !== 1) return; // left button is not pushed yet
penTool(e);
}
function penTool(e) {
const {x, y} = c.getBoundingClientRect();
const newX = e.clientX - x;
const newY = e.clientY - y;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 5;
ctx.moveTo(lastX, lastY);
ctx.lineTo(newX, newY);
ctx.strokeStyle = 'white';
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
lastX = newX;
lastY = newY;
}
let lastX = 0;
let lastY = 0;
</script>
</body>
</html>
这个问题已经问了很多年,并且已经得到了解答。
对于任何寻找简单绘图画布的人(例如,从用户/客户那里获取签名),我在这里发布了当前被接受答案更简化的jQuery版本。
$(document).ready(function() {
var flag, dot_flag = false,
prevX, prevY, currX, currY = 0,
color = 'black', thickness = 2;
var $canvas = $('#canvas');
var ctx = $canvas[0].getContext('2d');
$canvas.on('mousemove mousedown mouseup mouseout', function(e) {
prevX = currX;
prevY = currY;
currX = e.clientX - $canvas.offset().left;
currY = e.clientY - $canvas.offset().top;
if (e.type == 'mousedown') {
flag = true;
}
if (e.type == 'mouseup' || e.type == 'mouseout') {
flag = false;
}
if (e.type == 'mousemove') {
if (flag) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(prevX, prevY);
ctx.lineTo(currX, currY);
ctx.strokeStyle = color;
ctx.lineWidth = thickness;
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
}
}
});
$('.canvas-clear').on('click', function(e) {
c_width = $canvas.width();
c_height = $canvas.height();
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, c_width, c_height);
$('#canvasimg').hide();
});
});
<html>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<body>
<canvas id="canvas" width="400" height="400" style="position:absolute;top:10%;left:10%;border:2px solid;"></canvas>
<input type="button" value="Clear" class="canvas-clear" />
</body>
</html>
我采用了第一个答案,并根据我的需求进行了修改。现在:
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.6.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-xOolHFLEh07PJGoPkLv1IbcEPTNtaed2xpHsD9ESMhqIYd0nLMwNLD69Npy4HI+N" crossorigin="anonymous">
<style>
.selected::before {
content: 'x';
height: 30px;
width: 30px;
left: 18px;
top: -8px;
font-size: 3rem;
position: absolute;
}
.select-colour{
height: 30px;
width: 30px;
}
</style>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var canvas, ctx, flag = false,
prevX = 0,
currX = 0,
prevY = 0,
currY = 0,
dot_flag = false;
var x = "black",
y = 2;
function init() {
canvas = document.getElementById('can');
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
w = canvas.width;
h = canvas.height;
canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", function (e) {
findxy('move', e, '')
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("mousedown", function (e) {
findxy('down', e, '')
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("mouseup", function (e) {
findxy('up', e, '')
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("mouseout", function (e) {
findxy('out', e, '')
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("touchmove", function (e) {
findxy('move', e, 'touch')
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("touchstart", function (e) {
findxy('down', e, 'touch')
}, false);
canvas.addEventListener("touchend", function (e) {
findxy('up', e, 'touch')
}, false);
}
function color(obj) {
x = obj.id;
if (x == "white") y = 14;
else y = 2;
var prevSelected = document.getElementsByClassName("selected");
// If it exists, remove it.
if(prevSelected.length > 0) {
prevSelected[0].classList.remove("selected");
}
document.getElementById(obj.id).classList.add("selected");
}
function draw() {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(prevX, prevY);
ctx.lineTo(currX, currY);
ctx.strokeStyle = x;
ctx.lineWidth = y;
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
}
function erase() {
var m = confirm("Want to clear");
if (m) {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, w, h);
document.getElementById("canvasimg").style.display = "none";
}
}
function save() {
document.getElementById("canvasimg").style.border = "2px solid";
var dataURL = canvas.toDataURL();
document.getElementById("canvasimg").src = dataURL;
document.getElementById("canvasimg").style.display = "inline";
}
function download() {
var link = document.createElement('a');
var dataURL = canvas.toDataURL();
link.href = dataURL;
link.download = 'mydrawing.png';
document.body.appendChild(link);
link.click();
document.body.removeChild(link);
}
function findxy(res, e, source) {
if(source){
var clientX = e.changedTouches[0].clientX;
var clientY = e.changedTouches[0].clientY;
}else{
var clientX = e.clientX;
var clientY = e.clientY;
}
if (res == 'down') {
prevX = currX;
prevY = currY;
currX = clientX - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left;
currY = clientY - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top;
flag = true;
dot_flag = true;
if (dot_flag) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = x;
ctx.fillRect(currX, currY, 2, 2);
ctx.closePath();
dot_flag = false;
}
}
if (res == 'up' || res == "out") {
flag = false;
}
if (res == 'move') {
if (flag) {
prevX = currX;
prevY = currY;
currX = clientX - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left;
currY = clientY - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top;
draw();
}
}
}
</script>
<body onload="init()">
<div style="">
<div style="float: left;">
<canvas id="can" width="600" height="500" style=" border:5px solid;"></canvas>
</div>
<div style="margin-left:20px; float:left;">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12">Choose Color</div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:green;" id="green" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:blue;" id="blue" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:red;" id="red" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:yellow;" id="yellow" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:orange;" id="orange" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:black;" id="black" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
<div class="col-12 pt-3 pb-3" style="">Eraser</div>
<div class="col-2 pt-3"><div class="select-colour" style="background:white;border:2px solid;" id="white" onclick="color(this)"></div></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-lg-12 mt-3">
<input type="button" value="Download" id="download" size="23" onclick="download()" class="btn btn-primary">
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-lg-12 mt-3">
<input type="button" value="clear" id="clr" size="23" onclick="erase()" class="btn btn-light">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
还要查看这个:
示例:
https://github.com/williammalone/Simple-HTML5-Drawing-App
文档:
http://www.williammalone.com/articles/create-html5-canvas-javascript-drawing-app/
本文档包括以下代码:
HTML:
<canvas id="canvas" width="490" height="220"></canvas>
JS:
context = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext("2d");
$('#canvas').mousedown(function(e){
var mouseX = e.pageX - this.offsetLeft;
var mouseY = e.pageY - this.offsetTop;
paint = true;
addClick(e.pageX - this.offsetLeft, e.pageY - this.offsetTop);
redraw();
});
$('#canvas').mouseup(function(e){
paint = false;
});
$('#canvas').mouseleave(function(e){
paint = false;
});
var clickX = new Array();
var clickY = new Array();
var clickDrag = new Array();
var paint;
function addClick(x, y, dragging)
{
clickX.push(x);
clickY.push(y);
clickDrag.push(dragging);
}
//Also redraw
function redraw(){
context.clearRect(0, 0, context.canvas.width, context.canvas.height); // Clears the canvas
context.strokeStyle = "#df4b26";
context.lineJoin = "round";
context.lineWidth = 5;
for(var i=0; i < clickX.length; i++) {
context.beginPath();
if(clickDrag[i] && i){
context.moveTo(clickX[i-1], clickY[i-1]);
}else{
context.moveTo(clickX[i]-1, clickY[i]);
}
context.lineTo(clickX[i], clickY[i]);
context.closePath();
context.stroke();
}
}
另一个很棒的例子:
http://perfectionkills.com/exploring-canvas-drawing-techniques/