在图表中生成明显不同的RGB颜色

96

当生成图形并显示不同的数据集时,通常将这些集合区分颜色是个好主意。例如一条线为红色,下一条线为绿色,以此类推。但问题在于,当数据集的数量未知时,需要随机生成这些颜色,并且通常它们非常接近(例如,绿色和浅绿色)。

有什么想法可以解决这个问题并且如何生成明显不同的颜色呢?

如果您发现更容易的话,可以只讨论问题和解决方案,也可以提供使用 C#和基于RGB的颜色的示例。


1
请点击此链接查看相关的编程内容:https://dev59.com/pHRB5IYBdhLWcg3w6bUD#4382138 - Ohad Schneider
12个回答

136

你有三个颜色通道,从0到255,分别是R、G和B。

首先浏览一遍

0, 0, 255
0, 255, 0
255, 0, 0

然后通过

0, 255, 255
255, 0, 255
255, 255, 0

然后除以2 => 128,再重新开始:

0, 0, 128
0, 128, 0
128, 0, 0
0, 128, 128
128, 0, 128
128, 128, 0

除以2 => 64

下一次加上64到128 => 192

按照模式进行。

编程直观易懂,能为您提供相对清晰的颜色。

编辑:请求代码示例

此外 - 如果灰色是可接受的颜色,则添加以下附加模式:

255, 255, 255
128, 128, 128 

你可以通过多种方式来处理代码中的生成。

简单方法

如果你能保证不需要超过固定数量的颜色,只需按照以下模式生成颜色数组并使用它们:

    static string[] ColourValues = new string[] { 
        "FF0000", "00FF00", "0000FF", "FFFF00", "FF00FF", "00FFFF", "000000", 
        "800000", "008000", "000080", "808000", "800080", "008080", "808080", 
        "C00000", "00C000", "0000C0", "C0C000", "C000C0", "00C0C0", "C0C0C0", 
        "400000", "004000", "000040", "404000", "400040", "004040", "404040", 
        "200000", "002000", "000020", "202000", "200020", "002020", "202020", 
        "600000", "006000", "000060", "606000", "600060", "006060", "606060", 
        "A00000", "00A000", "0000A0", "A0A000", "A000A0", "00A0A0", "A0A0A0", 
        "E00000", "00E000", "0000E0", "E0E000", "E000E0", "00E0E0", "E0E0E0", 
    };

方法艰难

如果您不知道需要多少个颜色,下面的代码将使用此模式生成多达896种颜色。(896 = 256 * 7 / 2) 256是每通道的颜色空间,我们有7种模式,并且在获得仅相差1个颜色值的颜色之前停止。

我可能比必要更加辛苦地处理了这段代码。首先,有一个强度生成器,它从255开始,然后按照上述模式生成值。模式生成器只是循环遍历七种颜色模式。

using System;

class Program {
    static void Main(string[] args) {
        ColourGenerator generator = new ColourGenerator();
        for (int i = 0; i < 896; i++) {
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}: {1}", i, generator.NextColour()));
        }
    }
}

public class ColourGenerator {

    private int index = 0;
    private IntensityGenerator intensityGenerator = new IntensityGenerator();

    public string NextColour() {
        string colour = string.Format(PatternGenerator.NextPattern(index),
            intensityGenerator.NextIntensity(index));
        index++;
        return colour;
    }
}

public class PatternGenerator {
    public static string NextPattern(int index) {
        switch (index % 7) {
        case 0: return "{0}0000";
        case 1: return "00{0}00";
        case 2: return "0000{0}";
        case 3: return "{0}{0}00";
        case 4: return "{0}00{0}";
        case 5: return "00{0}{0}";
        case 6: return "{0}{0}{0}";
        default: throw new Exception("Math error");
        }
    }
}

public class IntensityGenerator {
    private IntensityValueWalker walker;
    private int current;

    public string NextIntensity(int index) {
        if (index == 0) {
            current = 255;
        }
        else if (index % 7 == 0) {
            if (walker == null) {
                walker = new IntensityValueWalker();
            }
            else {
                walker.MoveNext();
            }
            current = walker.Current.Value;
        }
        string currentText = current.ToString("X");
        if (currentText.Length == 1) currentText = "0" + currentText;
        return currentText;
    }
}

public class IntensityValue {

    private IntensityValue mChildA;
    private IntensityValue mChildB;

    public IntensityValue(IntensityValue parent, int value, int level) {
        if (level > 7) throw new Exception("There are no more colours left");
        Value = value;
        Parent = parent;
        Level = level;
    }

    public int Level { get; set; }
    public int Value { get; set; }
    public IntensityValue Parent { get; set; }

    public IntensityValue ChildA {
        get {
            return mChildA ?? (mChildA = new IntensityValue(this, this.Value - (1<<(7-Level)), Level+1));
        }
    }

    public IntensityValue ChildB {
        get {
            return mChildB ?? (mChildB = new IntensityValue(this, Value + (1<<(7-Level)), Level+1));
        }
    }
}

public class IntensityValueWalker {

    public IntensityValueWalker() {
        Current = new IntensityValue(null, 1<<7, 1);
    }

    public IntensityValue Current { get; set; }

    public void MoveNext() {
        if (Current.Parent == null) {
            Current = Current.ChildA;
        }
        else if (Current.Parent.ChildA == Current) {
            Current = Current.Parent.ChildB;
        }
        else {
            int levelsUp = 1;
            Current = Current.Parent;
            while (Current.Parent != null && Current == Current.Parent.ChildB) {
                Current = Current.Parent;
                levelsUp++;
            }
            if (Current.Parent != null) {
                Current = Current.Parent.ChildB;
            }
            else {
                levelsUp++;
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < levelsUp; i++) {
                Current = Current.ChildA;
            }

        }
    }
}

我不完全理解这个例子。有人能提供一个C#的例子吗? - McBainUK
希望这个代码示例有所帮助 - 在遍历强度值树方面可能还有更简洁的方法,但这是第一次尝试,已经足够好用了。谢谢。 - Sam Meldrum
4
请注意,此算法将生成一些非常相似的颜色对(尤其是在非常暗或浅、低饱和度的区域)。它在高饱和度和明度的区域开始时表现良好,但会错过许多仍然视觉上不同的微妙颜色。 - Phrogz
1
我最终在Javascript中做了类似的事情 - 似乎在RGB上建立了一种心理支撑/限制性试剂。如果我们有四个256选择颜色通道,我们会使用(*n)更多颜色的公式吗?即便如此,@Phrogz和@dean的批评仍然存在(这就是为什么我在SO上搜索更好答案的原因)。必须有一种方法在每个强度步骤中获取明显不同的阴影。Phrogz的答案下面是正确的方向,但如果我想通过某些int计数器获得数百种颜色,则对像我这样的平民来说不太容易访问。 - ruffin
2
我通过编程添加了一个答案来解决这个问题。这个答案实际上是错误的。当你将128加入到混合中时,你不仅要与0进行模式匹配,还要与255进行模式匹配。在这方面,“简单方式”颜色列表同样存在问题。它们基本上是白色、黑色、红色、绿色、蓝色、青色、黄色、洋红色逐渐变得越来越淡。 - Tatarize

100

在Java中,实现一种变化列表,其中您的颜色值为255,然后使用所有可能性,然后添加0和那两个值的所有RGB模式。然后添加128和所有具有这些值的RGB组合。再加上64。然后是192。等等。

public Color getColor(int i) {
    return new Color(getRGB(i));
}

public int getRGB(int index) {
    int[] p = getPattern(index);
    return getElement(p[0]) << 16 | getElement(p[1]) << 8 | getElement(p[2]);
}

public int getElement(int index) {
    int value = index - 1;
    int v = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        v = v | (value & 1);
        v <<= 1;
        value >>= 1;
    }
    v >>= 1;
    return v & 0xFF;
}

public int[] getPattern(int index) {
    int n = (int)Math.cbrt(index);
    index -= (n*n*n);
    int[] p = new int[3];
    Arrays.fill(p,n);
    if (index == 0) {
        return p;
    }
    index--;
    int v = index % 3;
    index = index / 3;
    if (index < n) {
        p[v] = index % n;
        return p;
    }
    index -= n;
    p[v      ] = index / n;
    p[++v % 3] = index % n;
    return p;
}

这将永远生产出该类型的图案(2^24),但是在100个左右的点之后,你可能不太能看出蓝色部分是否为0或32对颜色的影响。

您最好将其规范化为不同的颜色空间。例如,使用L,A,B值规范化并转换的LAB颜色空间。因此,颜色的独特性通过更类似于人眼的东西来传递。

getElement()反转了8位数字的字节序,并从-1开始计数(掩码为255)。所以它变成了255、0、127、192、64...随着数字的增长,它移动越来越不重要的位,细分数字。

getPattern()确定模式中最重要的元素应该是什么(它是立方根)。然后开始分解涉及该最重要元素的3N²+3N+1种不同模式。

此算法将产生(前128个值):

#FFFFFF 
#000000 
#FF0000 
#00FF00 
#0000FF 
#FFFF00 
#00FFFF 
#FF00FF 
#808080 
#FF8080 
#80FF80 
#8080FF 
#008080 
#800080 
#808000 
#FFFF80 
#80FFFF 
#FF80FF 
#FF0080 
#80FF00 
#0080FF 
#00FF80 
#8000FF 
#FF8000 
#000080 
#800000 
#008000 
#404040 
#FF4040 
#40FF40 
#4040FF 
#004040 
#400040 
#404000 
#804040 
#408040 
#404080 
#FFFF40 
#40FFFF 
#FF40FF 
#FF0040 
#40FF00 
#0040FF 
#FF8040 
#40FF80 
#8040FF 
#00FF40 
#4000FF 
#FF4000 
#000040 
#400000 
#004000 
#008040 
#400080 
#804000 
#80FF40 
#4080FF 
#FF4080 
#800040 
#408000 
#004080 
#808040 
#408080 
#804080 
#C0C0C0 
#FFC0C0 
#C0FFC0 
#C0C0FF 
#00C0C0 
#C000C0 
#C0C000 
#80C0C0 
#C080C0 
#C0C080 
#40C0C0 
#C040C0 
#C0C040 
#FFFFC0 
#C0FFFF 
#FFC0FF 
#FF00C0 
#C0FF00 
#00C0FF 
#FF80C0 
#C0FF80 
#80C0FF 
#FF40C0 
#C0FF40 
#40C0FF 
#00FFC0 
#C000FF 
#FFC000 
#0000C0 
#C00000 
#00C000 
#0080C0 
#C00080 
#80C000 
#0040C0 
#C00040 
#40C000 
#80FFC0 
#C080FF 
#FFC080 
#8000C0 
#C08000 
#00C080 
#8080C0 
#C08080 
#80C080 
#8040C0 
#C08040 
#40C080 
#40FFC0 
#C040FF 
#FFC040 
#4000C0 
#C04000 
#00C040 
#4080C0 
#C04080 
#80C040 
#4040C0 
#C04040 
#40C040 
#202020 
#FF2020 
#20FF20 

从左到右,从上到下阅读。729种颜色(9³)。因此所有n = 9的模式都可以涵盖。您会注意到它们开始冲突的速度。只有那么多WRGBCYMK变化。而这个解决方案虽然聪明,但基本上只做了原色的不同阴影。

Color Grid, 729 16x16

大部分冲突是由于绿色以及大多数绿色对大多数人来说看起来非常相似。该要求每个颜色在起始时最大差异而不仅仅是足够不同以避免出现相同颜色的需求。并且基本缺陷导致了原色图案和相同的色调。


使用CIELab2000颜色空间和距离例程,随机选择并尝试10k种不同的颜色,并找到与先前颜色具有最大距离的最小距离(几乎是请求的定义),可以比上述解决方案更长时间地避免冲突:

Max Color Distance

对于Easy Way,这可以称为静态列表。生成729个条目需要一个半小时:

#9BC4E5
#310106
#04640D
#FEFB0A
#FB5514
#E115C0
#00587F
#0BC582
#FEB8C8
#9E8317
#01190F
#847D81
#58018B
#B70639
#703B01
#F7F1DF
#118B8A
#4AFEFA
#FCB164
#796EE6
#000D2C
#53495F
#F95475
#61FC03
#5D9608
#DE98FD
#98A088
#4F584E
#248AD0
#5C5300
#9F6551
#BCFEC6
#932C70
#2B1B04
#B5AFC4
#D4C67A
#AE7AA1
#C2A393
#0232FD
#6A3A35
#BA6801
#168E5C
#16C0D0
#C62100
#014347
#233809
#42083B
#82785D
#023087
#B7DAD2
#196956
#8C41BB
#ECEDFE
#2B2D32
#94C661
#F8907D
#895E6B
#788E95
#FB6AB8
#576094
#DB1474
#8489AE
#860E04
#FBC206
#6EAB9B
#F2CDFE
#645341
#760035
#647A41
#496E76
#E3F894
#F9D7CD
#876128
#A1A711
#01FB92
#FD0F31
#BE8485
#C660FB
#120104
#D48958
#05AEE8
#C3C1BE
#9F98F8
#1167D9
#D19012
#B7D802
#826392
#5E7A6A
#B29869
#1D0051
#8BE7FC
#76E0C1
#BACFA7
#11BA09
#462C36
#65407D
#491803
#F5D2A8
#03422C
#72A46E
#128EAC
#47545E
#B95C69
#A14D12
#C4C8FA
#372A55
#3F3610
#D3A2C6
#719FFA
#0D841A
#4C5B32
#9DB3B7
#B14F8F
#747103
#9F816D
#D26A5B
#8B934B
#F98500
#002935
#D7F3FE
#FCB899
#1C0720
#6B5F61
#F98A9D
#9B72C2
#A6919D
#2C3729
#D7C70B
#9F9992
#EFFBD0
#FDE2F1
#923A52
#5140A7
#BC14FD
#6D706C
#0007C4
#C6A62F
#000C14
#904431
#600013
#1C1B08
#693955
#5E7C99
#6C6E82
#D0AFB3
#493B36
#AC93CE
#C4BA9C
#09C4B8
#69A5B8
#374869
#F868ED
#E70850
#C04841
#C36333
#700366
#8A7A93
#52351D
#B503A2
#D17190
#A0F086
#7B41FC
#0EA64F
#017499
#08A882
#7300CD
#A9B074
#4E6301
#AB7E41
#547FF4
#134DAC
#FDEC87
#056164
#FE12A0
#C264BA
#939DAD
#0BCDFA
#277442
#1BDE4A
#826958
#977678
#BAFCE8
#7D8475
#8CCF95
#726638
#FEA8EB
#EAFEF0
#6B9279
#C2FE4B
#304041
#1EA6A7
#022403
#062A47
#054B17
#F4C673
#02FEC7
#9DBAA8
#775551
#835536
#565BCC
#80D7D2
#7AD607
#696F54
#87089A
#664B19
#242235
#7DB00D
#BFC7D6
#D5A97E
#433F31
#311A18
#FDB2AB
#D586C9
#7A5FB1
#32544A
#EFE3AF
#859D96
#2B8570
#8B282D
#E16A07
#4B0125
#021083
#114558
#F707F9
#C78571
#7FB9BC
#FC7F4B
#8D4A92
#6B3119
#884F74
#994E4F
#9DA9D3
#867B40
#CED5C4
#1CA2FE
#D9C5B4
#FEAA00
#507B01
#A7D0DB
#53858D
#588F4A
#FBEEEC
#FC93C1
#D7CCD4
#3E4A02
#C8B1E2
#7A8B62
#9A5AE2
#896C04
#B1121C
#402D7D
#858701
#D498A6
#B484EF
#5C474C
#067881
#C0F9FC
#726075
#8D3101
#6C93B2
#A26B3F
#AA6582
#4F4C4F
#5A563D
#E83005
#32492D
#FC7272
#B9C457
#552A5B
#B50464
#616E79
#DCE2E4
#CF8028
#0AE2F0
#4F1E24
#FD5E46
#4B694E
#C5DEFC
#5DC262
#022D26
#7776B8
#FD9F66
#B049B8
#988F73
#BE385A
#2B2126
#54805A
#141B55
#67C09B
#456989
#DDC1D9
#166175
#C1E29C
#A397B5
#2E2922
#ABDBBE
#B4A6A8
#A06B07
#A99949
#0A0618
#B14E2E
#60557D
#D4A556
#82A752
#4A005B
#3C404F
#6E6657
#7E8BD5
#1275B8
#D79E92
#230735
#661849
#7A8391
#FE0F7B
#B0B6A9
#629591
#D05591
#97B68A
#97939A
#035E38
#53E19E
#DFD7F9
#02436C
#525A72
#059A0E
#3E736C
#AC8E87
#D10C92
#B9906E
#66BDFD
#C0ABFD
#0734BC
#341224
#8AAAC1
#0E0B03
#414522
#6A2F3E
#2D9A8A
#4568FD
#FDE6D2
#FEE007
#9A003C
#AC8190
#DCDD58
#B7903D
#1F2927
#9B02E6
#827A71
#878B8A
#8F724F
#AC4B70
#37233B
#385559
#F347C7
#9DB4FE
#D57179
#DE505A
#37F7DD
#503500
#1C2401
#DD0323
#00A4BA
#955602
#FA5B94
#AA766C
#B8E067
#6A807E
#4D2E27
#73BED7
#D7BC8A
#614539
#526861
#716D96
#829A17
#210109
#436C2D
#784955
#987BAB
#8F0152
#0452FA
#B67757
#A1659F
#D4F8D8
#48416F
#DEBAAF
#A5A9AA
#8C6B83
#403740
#70872B
#D9744D
#151E2C
#5C5E5E
#B47C02
#F4CBD0
#E49D7D
#DD9954
#B0A18B
#2B5308
#EDFD64
#9D72FC
#2A3351
#68496C
#C94801
#EED05E
#826F6D
#E0D6BB
#5B6DB4
#662F98
#0C97CA
#C1CA89
#755A03
#DFA619
#CD70A8
#BBC9C7
#F6BCE3
#A16462
#01D0AA
#87C6B3
#E7B2FA
#D85379
#643AD5
#D18AAE
#13FD5E
#B3E3FD
#C977DB
#C1A7BB
#9286CB
#A19B6A
#8FFED7
#6B1F17
#DF503A
#10DDD7
#9A8457
#60672F
#7D327D
#DD8782
#59AC42
#82FDB8
#FC8AE7
#909F6F
#B691AE
#B811CD
#BCB24E
#CB4BD9
#2B2304
#AA9501
#5D5096
#403221
#F9FAB4
#3990FC
#70DE7F
#95857F
#84A385
#50996F
#797B53
#7B6142
#81D5FE
#9CC428
#0B0438
#3E2005
#4B7C91
#523854
#005EA9
#F0C7AD
#ACB799
#FAC08E
#502239
#BFAB6A
#2B3C48
#0EB5D8
#8A5647
#49AF74
#067AE9
#F19509
#554628
#4426A4
#7352C9
#3F4287
#8B655E
#B480BF
#9BA74C
#5F514C
#CC9BDC
#BA7942
#1C4138
#3C3C3A
#29B09C
#02923F
#701D2B
#36577C
#3F00EA
#3D959E
#440601
#8AEFF3
#6D442A
#BEB1A8
#A11C02
#8383FE
#A73839
#DBDE8A
#0283B3
#888597
#32592E
#F5FDFA
#01191B
#AC707A
#B6BD03
#027B59
#7B4F08
#957737
#83727D
#035543
#6F7E64
#C39999
#52847A
#925AAC
#77CEDA
#516369
#E0D7D0
#FCDD97
#555424
#96E6B6
#85BB74
#5E2074
#BD5E48
#9BEE53
#1A351E
#3148CD
#71575F
#69A6D0
#391A62
#E79EA0
#1C0F03
#1B1636
#D20C39
#765396
#7402FE
#447F3E
#CFD0A8
#3A2600
#685AFC
#A4B3C6
#534302
#9AA097
#FD5154
#9B0085
#403956
#80A1A7
#6E7A9A
#605E6A
#86F0E2
#5A2B01
#7E3D43
#ED823B
#32331B
#424837
#40755E
#524F48
#B75807
#B40080
#5B8CA1
#FDCFE5
#CCFEAC
#755847
#CAB296
#C0D6E3
#2D7100
#D5E4DE
#362823
#69C63C
#AC3801
#163132
#4750A6
#61B8B2
#FCC4B5
#DEBA2E
#FE0449
#737930
#8470AB
#687D87
#D7B760
#6AAB86
#8398B8
#B7B6BF
#92C4A1
#B6084F
#853B5E
#D0BCBA
#92826D
#C6DDC6
#BE5F5A
#280021
#435743
#874514
#63675A
#E97963
#8F9C9E
#985262
#909081
#023508
#DDADBF
#D78493
#363900
#5B0120
#603C47
#C3955D
#AC61CB
#FD7BA7
#716C74
#8D895B
#071001
#82B4F2
#B6BBD8
#71887A
#8B9FE3
#997158
#65A6AB
#2E3067
#321301
#FEECCB
#3B5E72
#C8FE85
#A1DCDF
#CB49A6
#B1C5E4
#3E5EB0
#88AEA7
#04504C
#975232
#6786B9
#068797
#9A98C4
#A1C3C2
#1C3967
#DBEA07
#789658
#E7E7C6
#A6C886
#957F89
#752E62
#171518
#A75648
#01D26F
#0F535D
#047E76
#C54754
#5D6E88
#AB9483
#803B99
#FA9C48
#4A8A22
#654A5C
#965F86
#9D0CBB
#A0E8A0
#D3DBFA
#FD908F
#AEAB85
#A13B89
#F1B350
#066898
#948A42
#C8BEDE
#19252C
#7046AA
#E1EEFC
#3E6557
#CD3F26
#2B1925
#DDAD94
#C0B109
#37DFFE
#039676
#907468
#9E86A5
#3A1B49
#BEE5B7
#C29501
#9E3645
#DC580A
#645631
#444B4B
#FD1A63
#DDE5AE
#887800
#36006F
#3A6260
#784637
#FEA0B7
#A3E0D2
#6D6316
#5F7172
#B99EC7
#777A7E
#E0FEFD
#E16DC5
#01344B
#F8F8FC
#9F9FB5
#182617
#FE3D21
#7D0017
#822F21
#EFD9DC
#6E68C4
#35473E
#007523
#767667
#A6825D
#83DC5F
#227285
#A95E34
#526172
#979730
#756F6D
#716259
#E8B2B5
#B6C9BB
#9078DA
#4F326E
#B2387B
#888C6F
#314B5F
#E5B678
#38A3C6
#586148
#5C515B
#CDCCE1
#C8977F

使用暴力测试所有16777216种RGB颜色(通过CIELab Delta2000以黑色为起点),会产生一系列颜色,但在大约26个颜色时就开始冲突了。通过视觉检查和手动排除(无法使用计算机完成),可以将其提高到30或40个颜色。因此,程序最多只能生成几十个不同的颜色。离散列表是您最好的选择,通过列表比编程可以获得更多的离散颜色。最好的解决方案是简单易行的方法,尝试使用其他方式来改变数据而不是颜色。

Maximally Different

#000000
#00FF00
#0000FF
#FF0000
#01FFFE
#FFA6FE
#FFDB66
#006401
#010067
#95003A
#007DB5
#FF00F6
#FFEEE8
#774D00
#90FB92
#0076FF
#D5FF00
#FF937E
#6A826C
#FF029D
#FE8900
#7A4782
#7E2DD2
#85A900
#FF0056
#A42400
#00AE7E
#683D3B
#BDC6FF
#263400
#BDD393
#00B917
#9E008E
#001544
#C28C9F
#FF74A3
#01D0FF
#004754
#E56FFE
#788231
#0E4CA1
#91D0CB
#BE9970
#968AE8
#BB8800
#43002C
#DEFF74
#00FFC6
#FFE502
#620E00
#008F9C
#98FF52
#7544B1
#B500FF
#00FF78
#FF6E41
#005F39
#6B6882
#5FAD4E
#A75740
#A5FFD2
#FFB167
#009BFF
#E85EBE

更新: 我已经持续进行了一个月,最终在强制破解中达到了1024。 1024

public static final String[] indexcolors = new String[]{
        "#000000", "#FFFF00", "#1CE6FF", "#FF34FF", "#FF4A46", "#008941", "#006FA6", "#A30059",
        "#FFDBE5", "#7A4900", "#0000A6", "#63FFAC", "#B79762", "#004D43", "#8FB0FF", "#997D87",
        "#5A0007", "#809693", "#FEFFE6", "#1B4400", "#4FC601", "#3B5DFF", "#4A3B53", "#FF2F80",
        "#61615A", "#BA0900", "#6B7900", "#00C2A0", "#FFAA92", "#FF90C9", "#B903AA", "#D16100",
        "#DDEFFF", "#000035", "#7B4F4B", "#A1C299", "#300018", "#0AA6D8", "#013349", "#00846F",
        "#372101", "#FFB500", "#C2FFED", "#A079BF", "#CC0744", "#C0B9B2", "#C2FF99", "#001E09",
        "#00489C", "#6F0062", "#0CBD66", "#EEC3FF", "#456D75", "#B77B68", "#7A87A1", "#788D66",
        "#885578", "#FAD09F", "#FF8A9A", "#D157A0", "#BEC459", "#456648", "#0086ED", "#886F4C",
        "#34362D", "#B4A8BD", "#00A6AA", "#452C2C", "#636375", "#A3C8C9", "#FF913F", "#938A81",
        "#575329", "#00FECF", "#B05B6F", "#8CD0FF", "#3B9700", "#04F757", "#C8A1A1", "#1E6E00",
        "#7900D7", "#A77500", "#6367A9", "#A05837", "#6B002C", "#772600", "#D790FF", "#9B9700",
        "#549E79", "#FFF69F", "#201625", "#72418F", "#BC23FF", "#99ADC0", "#3A2465", "#922329",
        "#5B4534", "#FDE8DC", "#404E55", "#0089A3", "#CB7E98", "#A4E804", "#324E72", "#6A3A4C",
        "#83AB58", "#001C1E", "#D1F7CE", "#004B28", "#C8D0F6", "#A3A489", "#806C66", "#222800",
        "#BF5650", "#E83000", "#66796D", "#DA007C", "#FF1A59", "#8ADBB4", "#1E0200", "#5B4E51",
        "#C895C5", "#320033", "#FF6832", "#66E1D3", "#CFCDAC", "#D0AC94", "#7ED379", "#012C58",
        "#7A7BFF", "#D68E01", "#353339", "#78AFA1", "#FEB2C6", "#75797C", "#837393", "#943A4D",
        "#B5F4FF", "#D2DCD5", "#9556BD", "#6A714A", "#001325", "#02525F", "#0AA3F7", "#E98176",
        "#DBD5DD", "#5EBCD1", "#3D4F44", "#7E6405", "#02684E", "#962B75", "#8D8546", "#9695C5",
        "#E773CE", "#D86A78", "#3E89BE", "#CA834E", "#518A87", "#5B113C", "#55813B", "#E704C4",
        "#00005F", "#A97399", "#4B8160", "#59738A", "#FF5DA7", "#F7C9BF", "#643127", "#513A01",
        "#6B94AA", "#51A058", "#A45B02", "#1D1702", "#E20027", "#E7AB63", "#4C6001", "#9C6966",
        "#64547B", "#97979E", "#006A66", "#391406", "#F4D749", "#0045D2", "#006C31", "#DDB6D0",
        "#7C6571", "#9FB2A4", "#00D891", "#15A08A", "#BC65E9", "#FFFFFE", "#C6DC99", "#203B3C",
        "#671190", "#6B3A64", "#F5E1FF", "#FFA0F2", "#CCAA35", "#374527", "#8BB400", "#797868",
        "#C6005A", "#3B000A", "#C86240", "#29607C", "#402334", "#7D5A44", "#CCB87C", "#B88183",
        "#AA5199", "#B5D6C3", "#A38469", "#9F94F0", "#A74571", "#B894A6", "#71BB8C", "#00B433",
        "#789EC9", "#6D80BA", "#953F00", "#5EFF03", "#E4FFFC", "#1BE177", "#BCB1E5", "#76912F",
        "#003109", "#0060CD", "#D20096", "#895563", "#29201D", "#5B3213", "#A76F42", "#89412E",
        "#1A3A2A", "#494B5A", "#A88C85", "#F4ABAA", "#A3F3AB", "#00C6C8", "#EA8B66", "#958A9F",
        "#BDC9D2", "#9FA064", "#BE4700", "#658188", "#83A485", "#453C23", "#47675D", "#3A3F00",
        "#061203", "#DFFB71", "#868E7E", "#98D058", "#6C8F7D", "#D7BFC2", "#3C3E6E", "#D83D66",
        "#2F5D9B", "#6C5E46", "#D25B88", "#5B656C", "#00B57F", "#545C46", "#866097", "#365D25",
        "#252F99", "#00CCFF", "#674E60", "#FC009C", "#92896B", "#1E2324", "#DEC9B2", "#9D4948",
        "#85ABB4", "#342142", "#D09685", "#A4ACAC", "#00FFFF", "#AE9C86", "#742A33", "#0E72C5",
        "#AFD8EC", "#C064B9", "#91028C", "#FEEDBF", "#FFB789", "#9CB8E4", "#AFFFD1", "#2A364C",
        "#4F4A43", "#647095", "#34BBFF", "#807781", "#920003", "#B3A5A7", "#018615", "#F1FFC8",
        "#976F5C", "#FF3BC1", "#FF5F6B", "#077D84", "#F56D93", "#5771DA", "#4E1E2A", "#830055",
        "#02D346", "#BE452D", "#00905E", "#BE0028", "#6E96E3", "#007699", "#FEC96D", "#9C6A7D",
        "#3FA1B8", "#893DE3", "#79B4D6", "#7FD4D9", "#6751BB", "#B28D2D", "#E27A05", "#DD9CB8",
        "#AABC7A", "#980034", "#561A02", "#8F7F00", "#635000", "#CD7DAE", "#8A5E2D", "#FFB3E1",
        "#6B6466", "#C6D300", "#0100E2", "#88EC69", "#8FCCBE", "#21001C", "#511F4D", "#E3F6E3",
        "#FF8EB1", "#6B4F29", "#A37F46", "#6A5950", "#1F2A1A", "#04784D", "#101835", "#E6E0D0",
        "#FF74FE", "#00A45F", "#8F5DF8", "#4B0059", "#412F23", "#D8939E", "#DB9D72", "#604143",
        "#B5BACE", "#989EB7", "#D2C4DB", "#A587AF", "#77D796", "#7F8C94", "#FF9B03", "#555196",
        "#31DDAE", "#74B671", "#802647", "#2A373F", "#014A68", "#696628", "#4C7B6D", "#002C27",
        "#7A4522", "#3B5859", "#E5D381", "#FFF3FF", "#679FA0", "#261300", "#2C5742", "#9131AF",
        "#AF5D88", "#C7706A", "#61AB1F", "#8CF2D4", "#C5D9B8", "#9FFFFB", "#BF45CC", "#493941",
        "#863B60", "#B90076", "#003177", "#C582D2", "#C1B394", "#602B70", "#887868", "#BABFB0",
        "#030012", "#D1ACFE", "#7FDEFE", "#4B5C71", "#A3A097", "#E66D53", "#637B5D", "#92BEA5",
        "#00F8B3", "#BEDDFF", "#3DB5A7", "#DD3248", "#B6E4DE", "#427745", "#598C5A", "#B94C59",
        "#8181D5", "#94888B", "#FED6BD", "#536D31", "#6EFF92", "#E4E8FF", "#20E200", "#FFD0F2",
        "#4C83A1", "#BD7322", "#915C4E", "#8C4787", "#025117", "#A2AA45", "#2D1B21", "#A9DDB0",
        "#FF4F78", "#528500", "#009A2E", "#17FCE4", "#71555A", "#525D82", "#00195A", "#967874",
        "#555558", "#0B212C", "#1E202B", "#EFBFC4", "#6F9755", "#6F7586", "#501D1D", "#372D00",
        "#741D16", "#5EB393", "#B5B400", "#DD4A38", "#363DFF", "#AD6552", "#6635AF", "#836BBA",
        "#98AA7F", "#464836", "#322C3E", "#7CB9BA", "#5B6965", "#707D3D", "#7A001D", "#6E4636",
        "#443A38", "#AE81FF", "#489079", "#897334", "#009087", "#DA713C", "#361618", "#FF6F01",
        "#006679", "#370E77", "#4B3A83", "#C9E2E6", "#C44170", "#FF4526", "#73BE54", "#C4DF72",
        "#ADFF60", "#00447D", "#DCCEC9", "#BD9479", "#656E5B", "#EC5200", "#FF6EC2", "#7A617E",
        "#DDAEA2", "#77837F", "#A53327", "#608EFF", "#B599D7", "#A50149", "#4E0025", "#C9B1A9",
        "#03919A", "#1B2A25", "#E500F1", "#982E0B", "#B67180", "#E05859", "#006039", "#578F9B",
        "#305230", "#CE934C", "#B3C2BE", "#C0BAC0", "#B506D3", "#170C10", "#4C534F", "#224451",
        "#3E4141", "#78726D", "#B6602B", "#200441", "#DDB588", "#497200", "#C5AAB6", "#033C61",
        "#71B2F5", "#A9E088", "#4979B0", "#A2C3DF", "#784149", "#2D2B17", "#3E0E2F", "#57344C",
        "#0091BE", "#E451D1", "#4B4B6A", "#5C011A", "#7C8060", "#FF9491", "#4C325D", "#005C8B",
        "#E5FDA4", "#68D1B6", "#032641", "#140023", "#8683A9", "#CFFF00", "#A72C3E", "#34475A",
        "#B1BB9A", "#B4A04F", "#8D918E", "#A168A6", "#813D3A", "#425218", "#DA8386", "#776133",
        "#563930", "#8498AE", "#90C1D3", "#B5666B", "#9B585E", "#856465", "#AD7C90", "#E2BC00",
        "#E3AAE0", "#B2C2FE", "#FD0039", "#009B75", "#FFF46D", "#E87EAC", "#DFE3E6", "#848590",
        "#AA9297", "#83A193", "#577977", "#3E7158", "#C64289", "#EA0072", "#C4A8CB", "#55C899",
        "#E78FCF", "#004547", "#F6E2E3", "#966716", "#378FDB", "#435E6A", "#DA0004", "#1B000F",
        "#5B9C8F", "#6E2B52", "#011115", "#E3E8C4", "#AE3B85", "#EA1CA9", "#FF9E6B", "#457D8B",
        "#92678B", "#00CDBB", "#9CCC04", "#002E38", "#96C57F", "#CFF6B4", "#492818", "#766E52",
        "#20370E", "#E3D19F", "#2E3C30", "#B2EACE", "#F3BDA4", "#A24E3D", "#976FD9", "#8C9FA8",
        "#7C2B73", "#4E5F37", "#5D5462", "#90956F", "#6AA776", "#DBCBF6", "#DA71FF", "#987C95",
        "#52323C", "#BB3C42", "#584D39", "#4FC15F", "#A2B9C1", "#79DB21", "#1D5958", "#BD744E",
        "#160B00", "#20221A", "#6B8295", "#00E0E4", "#102401", "#1B782A", "#DAA9B5", "#B0415D",
        "#859253", "#97A094", "#06E3C4", "#47688C", "#7C6755", "#075C00", "#7560D5", "#7D9F00",
        "#C36D96", "#4D913E", "#5F4276", "#FCE4C8", "#303052", "#4F381B", "#E5A532", "#706690",
        "#AA9A92", "#237363", "#73013E", "#FF9079", "#A79A74", "#029BDB", "#FF0169", "#C7D2E7",
        "#CA8869", "#80FFCD", "#BB1F69", "#90B0AB", "#7D74A9", "#FCC7DB", "#99375B", "#00AB4D",
        "#ABAED1", "#BE9D91", "#E6E5A7", "#332C22", "#DD587B", "#F5FFF7", "#5D3033", "#6D3800",
        "#FF0020", "#B57BB3", "#D7FFE6", "#C535A9", "#260009", "#6A8781", "#A8ABB4", "#D45262",
        "#794B61", "#4621B2", "#8DA4DB", "#C7C890", "#6FE9AD", "#A243A7", "#B2B081", "#181B00",
        "#286154", "#4CA43B", "#6A9573", "#A8441D", "#5C727B", "#738671", "#D0CFCB", "#897B77",
        "#1F3F22", "#4145A7", "#DA9894", "#A1757A", "#63243C", "#ADAAFF", "#00CDE2", "#DDBC62",
        "#698EB1", "#208462", "#00B7E0", "#614A44", "#9BBB57", "#7A5C54", "#857A50", "#766B7E",
        "#014833", "#FF8347", "#7A8EBA", "#274740", "#946444", "#EBD8E6", "#646241", "#373917",
        "#6AD450", "#81817B", "#D499E3", "#979440", "#011A12", "#526554", "#B5885C", "#A499A5",
        "#03AD89", "#B3008B", "#E3C4B5", "#96531F", "#867175", "#74569E", "#617D9F", "#E70452",
        "#067EAF", "#A697B6", "#B787A8", "#9CFF93", "#311D19", "#3A9459", "#6E746E", "#B0C5AE",
        "#84EDF7", "#ED3488", "#754C78", "#384644", "#C7847B", "#00B6C5", "#7FA670", "#C1AF9E",
        "#2A7FFF", "#72A58C", "#FFC07F", "#9DEBDD", "#D97C8E", "#7E7C93", "#62E674", "#B5639E",
        "#FFA861", "#C2A580", "#8D9C83", "#B70546", "#372B2E", "#0098FF", "#985975", "#20204C",
        "#FF6C60", "#445083", "#8502AA", "#72361F", "#9676A3", "#484449", "#CED6C2", "#3B164A",
        "#CCA763", "#2C7F77", "#02227B", "#A37E6F", "#CDE6DC", "#CDFFFB", "#BE811A", "#F77183",
        "#EDE6E2", "#CDC6B4", "#FFE09E", "#3A7271", "#FF7B59", "#4E4E01", "#4AC684", "#8BC891",
        "#BC8A96", "#CF6353", "#DCDE5C", "#5EAADD", "#F6A0AD", "#E269AA", "#A3DAE4", "#436E83",
        "#002E17", "#ECFBFF", "#A1C2B6", "#50003F", "#71695B", "#67C4BB", "#536EFF", "#5D5A48",
        "#890039", "#969381", "#371521", "#5E4665", "#AA62C3", "#8D6F81", "#2C6135", "#410601",
        "#564620", "#E69034", "#6DA6BD", "#E58E56", "#E3A68B", "#48B176", "#D27D67", "#B5B268",
        "#7F8427", "#FF84E6", "#435740", "#EAE408", "#F4F5FF", "#325800", "#4B6BA5", "#ADCEFF",
        "#9B8ACC", "#885138", "#5875C1", "#7E7311", "#FEA5CA", "#9F8B5B", "#A55B54", "#89006A",
        "#AF756F", "#2A2000", "#576E4A", "#7F9EFF", "#7499A1", "#FFB550", "#00011E", "#D1511C",
        "#688151", "#BC908A", "#78C8EB", "#8502FF", "#483D30", "#C42221", "#5EA7FF", "#785715",
        "#0CEA91", "#FFFAED", "#B3AF9D", "#3E3D52", "#5A9BC2", "#9C2F90", "#8D5700", "#ADD79C",
        "#00768B", "#337D00", "#C59700", "#3156DC", "#944575", "#ECFFDC", "#D24CB2", "#97703C",
        "#4C257F", "#9E0366", "#88FFEC", "#B56481", "#396D2B", "#56735F", "#988376", "#9BB195",
        "#A9795C", "#E4C5D3", "#9F4F67", "#1E2B39", "#664327", "#AFCE78", "#322EDF", "#86B487",
        "#C23000", "#ABE86B", "#96656D", "#250E35", "#A60019", "#0080CF", "#CAEFFF", "#323F61",
        "#A449DC", "#6A9D3B", "#FF5AE4", "#636A01", "#D16CDA", "#736060", "#FFBAAD", "#D369B4",
        "#FFDED6", "#6C6D74", "#927D5E", "#845D70", "#5B62C1", "#2F4A36", "#E45F35", "#FF3B53",
        "#AC84DD", "#762988", "#70EC98", "#408543", "#2C3533", "#2E182D", "#323925", "#19181B",
        "#2F2E2C", "#023C32", "#9B9EE2", "#58AFAD", "#5C424D", "#7AC5A6", "#685D75", "#B9BCBD",
        "#834357", "#1A7B42", "#2E57AA", "#E55199", "#316E47", "#CD00C5", "#6A004D", "#7FBBEC",
        "#F35691", "#D7C54A", "#62ACB7", "#CBA1BC", "#A28A9A", "#6C3F3B", "#FFE47D", "#DCBAE3",
        "#5F816D", "#3A404A", "#7DBF32", "#E6ECDC", "#852C19", "#285366", "#B8CB9C", "#0E0D00",
        "#4B5D56", "#6B543F", "#E27172", "#0568EC", "#2EB500", "#D21656", "#EFAFFF", "#682021",
        "#2D2011", "#DA4CFF", "#70968E", "#FF7B7D", "#4A1930", "#E8C282", "#E7DBBC", "#A68486",
        "#1F263C", "#36574E", "#52CE79", "#ADAAA9", "#8A9F45", "#6542D2", "#00FB8C", "#5D697B",
        "#CCD27F", "#94A5A1", "#790229", "#E383E6", "#7EA4C1", "#4E4452", "#4B2C00", "#620B70",
        "#314C1E", "#874AA6", "#E30091", "#66460A", "#EB9A8B", "#EAC3A3", "#98EAB3", "#AB9180",
        "#B8552F", "#1A2B2F", "#94DDC5", "#9D8C76", "#9C8333", "#94A9C9", "#392935", "#8C675E",
        "#CCE93A", "#917100", "#01400B", "#449896", "#1CA370", "#E08DA7", "#8B4A4E", "#667776",
        "#4692AD", "#67BDA8", "#69255C", "#D3BFFF", "#4A5132", "#7E9285", "#77733C", "#E7A0CC",
        "#51A288", "#2C656A", "#4D5C5E", "#C9403A", "#DDD7F3", "#005844", "#B4A200", "#488F69",
        "#858182", "#D4E9B9", "#3D7397", "#CAE8CE", "#D60034", "#AA6746", "#9E5585", "#BA6200"
    };

11
在我看来,比起被接受的答案好多了。并且加一分赞同视觉示例和预计算列表! - Gerrit-K
1
我还进行了详尽的搜索,以最大化添加颜色与已有颜色之间的CIEDE2000差异,其中黑色和白色是预定义颜色。像你一样,我早期得到了两种“肤色”:#ff9d25(倾向于橙色)和#ffb46c(倾向于粉色)。我认为它们看起来非常相似,所以也许CIEDE2000不是一个很好的颜色差异度量标准。目前还没有更好的选择。现在很想开始自己的可察觉差异实验,也许首先使用16x16x16 sRGB网格... - Olli Niemitalo
我唯一看到的主要改进可能是对于静态列表。如果您只需要确切的20种颜色,则找到与所有其他颜色最远的颜色实际上可能不是最优的。如果您进行聚类并找到了距离集合中所有颜色最大化的20种颜色,则可以获得更好的结果。这实际上可能会变成旅行推销员和暴力破解(2^24)^20,通过高昂的颜色距离算法可能需要很长时间。但是,良好的聚类算法可以为您快速提供良好的结果。 - Tatarize
很棒的工作@Tatarize。如果你还在,请发布1024种颜色或更新你的BlogSpot链接,谢谢。 - Robert Lugg
1
实际上经过检查,我可能甚至没有为发布的图形中的最后两个做过。它每次都会生成一个新的图像。但是,在那个时候,每个新颜色基本上都需要花费很长时间来生成一个坚实的长块。并且完全理解它们并不是非常有用的。 - Tatarize
显示剩余2条评论

29

我已经在网上发布了一个页面,用于生成视觉上独特的颜色:
http://phrogz.net/css/distinct-colors.html

与其他答案不同,它们会均匀地跨越RGB或HSV空间(其中轴值和感知差异之间存在非线性关系),我的页面使用标准CMI(I:c)颜色距离算法,以防止两种颜色在视觉上过于接近。

页面的最后一个选项卡允许您按多种方式对值进行排序,然后交错它们(有序洗牌),以便您获得相邻放置的非常不同的颜色。

截至本文撰写时,它仅在Chrome和Safari中运行良好,并使用Firefox的shim;它在界面中使用HTML5范围输入滑块,IE9和Firefox尚未本地支持。


1
这是一个很棒的工具,感谢您的创造。我用它生成了145种不同的颜色,非常满意您的独特颜色工具所创建的结果。 - Malachy
这个想法听起来不错,但我不明白接口是如何工作的。比如说我想在Lab空间中生成64种远离的颜色,应该使用哪些设置?我无法获得超过50种颜色。 - wip
1
@wil 实验室页面的默认设置为您提供了480种颜色可供选择。当您转到“精细调整”选项卡时,可以调整阈值以查看更多或更少的色板。 - Phrogz
即使有36种颜色,我仍然会得到几个非常相似的颜色。 - Nemo

9
我认为HSV(或HSL)空间在这里有更多的机会。如果您不介意额外的转换,只需旋转色调值即可轻松浏览所有颜色。如果这还不够,您可以更改饱和度/值/亮度值并再次进行旋转。或者,您始终可以移动色调值或更改“步进”角度并旋转更多次数。

2
请注意,即使在色调上均匀跨越步骤(http://phrogz.net/tmp/colordifferences/),也会产生次优的感知分离。 - Phrogz

4

之前的RGB解决方案存在一个缺陷,它们没有充分利用整个色彩空间,因为它们使用颜色值和0作为通道:

#006600
#330000
#FF00FF

相反,他们应该使用所有可能的颜色值来生成混合颜色,这些混合颜色可以在颜色通道上具有最多3个不同的值:

#336600
#FF0066
#33FF66

使用完整的颜色空间可以生成更多独特的颜色。例如,如果每个通道有4个值,则可以生成4*4*4=64种颜色。而使用另一种方案,则只能生成4*7+1=29种颜色。
如果你需要N种颜色,则每个通道所需的值的数量为:ceil(cube_root(N)) 有了这个公式,你就可以确定可能的(0-255范围内)值(python):
max = 255
segs = int(num**(Decimal("1.0")/3))
step = int(max/segs)
p = [(i*step) for i in xrange(segs)]
values = [max]
values.extend(p)

然后您可以对 RGB 颜色进行迭代(不建议这样做):

total = 0
for red in values:
  for green in values:
    for blue in values:
      if total <= N:
        print color(red, green, blue)
      total += 1

嵌套循环可以工作,但不建议使用,因为它会偏向蓝色通道,导致结果颜色中红色不足(N 很可能小于所有可能颜色值的数量)。
您可以创建更好的算法来处理循环,使每个通道被平等对待,并且更喜欢较大的不同颜色值而非小的颜色值。
我有一个解决方案,但不想发布它,因为它既不易于理解也不高效。但是,如果您真的想要,可以查看这个解决方案
以下是 64 种生成的颜色样本:64 种颜色

3

我需要同样的功能,但形式要简单。

我需要从不断增加的索引值生成尽可能唯一的颜色。

以下是C#代码(任何其他语言实现都应该非常相似)

机制非常简单:

  1. 从0到7的indexA值生成color_writers的模式。

  2. 对于小于8的索引,这些颜色为= color_writer[indexA] * 255。

  3. 对于介于8和15之间的索引,这些颜色为= color_writer[indexA] * 255 + (color_writer[indexA+1]) * 127。

  4. 对于介于16和23之间的索引,这些颜色为= color_writer[indexA] * 255 + (color_writer[indexA+1]) * 127 + (color_writer[indexA+2]) * 63。

依此类推:

随机颜色生成器

    private System.Drawing.Color GetRandColor(int index)
    {
        byte red = 0;
        byte green = 0;
        byte blue = 0;

        for (int t = 0; t <= index / 8; t++)
        {
            int index_a = (index+t) % 8;
            int index_b = index_a / 2;

            //Color writers, take on values of 0 and 1
            int color_red = index_a % 2;
            int color_blue = index_b % 2;
            int color_green = ((index_b + 1) % 3) % 2;

            int add = 255 / (t + 1);

            red = (byte)(red+color_red * add);
            green = (byte)(green + color_green * add);
            blue = (byte)(blue + color_blue * add);
        }

        Color color = Color.FromArgb(red, green, blue);
        return color;
    }

注意:为了避免生成亮度过高且难以看清的颜色(例如黄色在白色背景上),您可以使用递归循环进行修改:
    int skip_index = 0;
    private System.Drawing.Color GetRandColor(int index)
    {
        index += skip_index;
        byte red = 0;
        byte green = 0;
        byte blue = 0;

        for (int t = 0; t <= index / 8; t++)
        {
            int index_a = (index+t) % 8;
            int index_b = index_a / 2;

            //Color writers, take on values of 0 and 1
            int color_red = index_a % 2;
            int color_blue = index_b % 2;
            int color_green = ((index_b + 1) % 3) % 2;

            int add = 255 / (t + 1);

            red = (byte)(red + color_red * add);
            green = (byte)(green + color_green * add);
            blue = (byte)(blue + color_blue * add);
        }

        if(red > 200 && green > 200)
        {
            skip_index++;
            return GetRandColor(index);
        }

        Color color = Color.FromArgb(red, green, blue);
        return color;
    }

2

如果有人需要在C#中为白色前景生成随机的中到高深色,请使用以下代码。

最初的回答:

[DllImport("shlwapi.dll")]
public static extern int ColorHLSToRGB(int H, int L, int S);

public static string GetRandomDarkColor()
{
    int h = 0, s = 0, l = 0;
    h = (RandomObject.Next(1, 2) % 2 == 0) ? RandomObject.Next(0, 180) : iApp.RandomObject.Next(181, 360);
    s = RandomObject.Next(90, 160);
    l = RandomObject.Next(80, 130);

    return System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromWin32(ColorHLSToRGB(h, l, s)).ToHex();
}

private static string ToHex(this System.Drawing.Color c)
{
    return "#" + c.R.ToString("X2") + c.G.ToString("X2") + c.B.ToString("X2");
}

你可以用自己的Random类对象替换RandomObject。最初的回答。

1
我会从设置亮度为100%开始,先使用基本颜色:
FF0000、00FF00、0000FF
然后是组合色:
FFFF00、FF00FF、00FFFF
接下来,例如将亮度减半并进行相同的轮回。实际上没有太多真正清晰明显的颜色,在这些之后,我会开始变化线宽并进行点状/虚线等处理。

1
+1 非常棒的建议,建议使用不同的线条样式而不是仅限于颜色。 - Iiridayn

1

我用更短的方式实现了这个算法

void ColorValue::SetColorValue( double r, double g, double b, ColorType myType )
{
   this->c[0] = r;
   this->c[1] = g;
   this->c[2] = b;

   this->type = myType;
}


DistinctColorGenerator::DistinctColorGenerator()
{
   mFactor = 255;
   mColorsGenerated = 0;
   mpColorCycle = new ColorValue[6];
   mpColorCycle[0].SetColorValue( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, TYPE_RGB);
   mpColorCycle[1].SetColorValue( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, TYPE_RGB);
   mpColorCycle[2].SetColorValue( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, TYPE_RGB);
   mpColorCycle[3].SetColorValue( 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, TYPE_RGB);
   mpColorCycle[4].SetColorValue( 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, TYPE_RGB);
   mpColorCycle[5].SetColorValue( 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, TYPE_RGB);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------

ColorValue DistinctColorGenerator::GenerateNewColor()
{
   int innerCycleNr = mColorsGenerated % 6;
   int outerCycleNr = mColorsGenerated / 6;
   int cycleSize = pow( 2, (int)(log((double)(outerCycleNr)) / log( 2.0 ) ) );
   int insideCycleCounter = outerCycleNr % cyclesize;

   if ( outerCycleNr == 0)
   {
      mFactor = 255;
   }
   else
   {
      mFactor = ( 256 / ( 2 * cycleSize ) ) + ( insideCycleCounter * ( 256 / cycleSize ) );
   }

   ColorValue newColor = mpColorCycle[innerCycleNr] * mFactor;

   mColorsGenerated++;
   return newColor;
}

0

你也可以将颜色空间看作是从0到255的三个数字的所有组合,包括0和255。这是一个介于0和255^3之间的数字的基于255的表示,强制具有三位小数(如果需要,在末尾添加零)。

因此,要生成x个颜色,您需要计算x个均匀分布的百分比,从0到100。通过将这些百分比乘以255^3来获取数字,将这些数字转换为基于255的数字,并按照先前提到的方式添加零。

基本转换算法,供参考(伪代码非常接近C#):

int num = (number to convert);
int baseConvert = (desired base, 255 in this case);
(array of ints) nums = new (array of ints);
int x = num;
double digits = Math.Log(num, baseConvert); //or ln(num) / ln(baseConvert)
int numDigits = (digits - Math.Ceiling(digits) == 0 ? (int)(digits + 1) : (int)Math.Ceiling(digits)); //go up one if it turns out even
for (int i = 0; i < numDigits; i++)
{
  int toAdd = ((int)Math.Floor(x / Math.Pow((double)convertBase, (double)(numDigits - i - 1))));
  //Formula for 0th digit: d = num / (convertBase^(numDigits - 1))
  //Then subtract (d * convertBase^(numDigits - 1)) from the num and continue
  nums.Add(toAdd);
  x -= toAdd * (int)Math.Pow((double)convertBase, (double)(numDigits - i - 1));
}
return nums;

如果你想要避免出现白色和黑色,你可能还需要做一些调整来缩小范围。这些数字实际上并不是一个平滑的颜色比例尺,但如果你没有太多的话,它们会生成不同的颜色。

.NET中关于基本转换的问题有更多相关信息。


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