渲染时出现导入错误：找不到名为app的模块。

Question

我正在pythonanywhere上运行一个Twitter应用程序，该应用在本地开发服务器上运行正常，但是当我在pythonanywhere上运行时出现了以下错误：

2013-01-30 20:04:12,843 :Traceback (most recent call last):
2013-01-30 20:04:12,843 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 272, in __call__
2013-01-30 20:04:12,843 :    response = self.get_response(request)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,844 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 169, in get_response
2013-01-30 20:04:12,844 :    response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
2013-01-30 20:04:12,844 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 203, in handle_uncaught_exception
2013-01-30 20:04:12,844 :    return debug.technical_500_response(request, *exc_info)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,844 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 59, in technical_500_response
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :    html = reporter.get_traceback_html()
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 151, in get_traceback_html
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :    return t.render(c)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 123, in render
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :    return self._render(context)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 117, in _render
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :    return self.nodelist.render(context)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,845 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 744, in render
2013-01-30 20:04:12,846 :    bits.append(self.render_node(node, context))
2013-01-30 20:04:12,846 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py", line 73, in render_node
2013-01-30 20:04:12,846 :    result = node.render(context)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,846 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py", line 90, in render
2013-01-30 20:04:12,846 :    output = self.filter_expression.resolve(context)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,846 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 536, in resolve
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :    new_obj = func(obj, *arg_vals)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaultfilters.py", line 695, in date
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :    return format(value, arg)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 285, in format
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :    return df.format(format_string)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 30, in format
2013-01-30 20:04:12,847 :    pieces.append(force_unicode(getattr(self, piece)()))
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 191, in r
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :    return self.format('D, j M Y H:i:s O')
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 30, in format
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :    pieces.append(force_unicode(getattr(self, piece)()))
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/encoding.py", line 71, in force_unicode
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :    s = unicode(s)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 206, in __unicode_cast
2013-01-30 20:04:12,848 :    return self.__func(*self.__args, **self.__kw)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 81, in ugettext
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :    return _trans.ugettext(message)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 286, in ugettext
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :    return do_translate(message, 'ugettext')
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 276, in do_translate
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :    _default = translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,849 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 185, in translation
2013-01-30 20:04:12,850 :    default_translation = _fetch(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,850 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 162, in _fetch
2013-01-30 20:04:12,850 :    app = import_module(appname)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,850 :  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
2013-01-30 20:04:12,850 :    __import__(name)
2013-01-30 20:04:12,850 :django.template.base.TemplateSyntaxError: Caught ImportError while rendering: No module named twitterApp

这个错误的原因可能是什么？我应该在哪里查找？

- Islam A. Hassan

---

PythonAnywhere没有包含Twitter应用程序吗？ - KevinDTimm

你能贴出你的 settings.py 和 views.py 文件吗？ - Dan Hoerst

Answer 1

如果在PythonAnywhere上出现问题，可能是由于wsgi.py配置问题导致的，在本地环境中，Django可以很好地处理Python路径和静态文件。

根据PythonAnywhere部署文档中的此部分：

1. 在wsgi.py中添加正确的sys.path路径

path = '/home/my_username/projects'
if path not in sys.path:
    sys.path.append(path)
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'my_project.settings'
from my_project.myapp.models import Kitchen, Sink

请注意：需要使用my_project前缀。

2. 静态文件应该处理得很好。

from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()

根据文档检查这两个点，应该能够解决问题。

- Michael

---

在wsgi.py文件中：project_home = '/home/iahvector/twitterWebApp/'，settings.py路径为：/home/iahvector/twitterWebApp/TwitterWebApp/settings.py，twitterApp模块路径为：/home/iahvector/twitterWebApp/TwitterWebApp/twitterApp/，我还没有任何静态文件。 - Islam A. Hassan

你的wsgi文件中的路径变量是否指向/home/iahvector/twitterWebApp/TwitterWebApp？ - Glenn

@Glenn，路径变量是我之前评论中提到的“project_home”变量。 - Islam A. Hassan

将所有导入/使用“twitterApp”或其任何组件切换为“TwitterWebApp.twitterApp”后，停止了未处理的异常。现在它会给出“[Errno 111] Connection refused”，但我认为这是另一个错误。@Michael 我将您的答案标记为正确的答案，因为您指向了文档并指出了“my_project.myapp”部分。 - Islam A. Hassan

Answer 2

我的应用程序也遇到了完全相同的问题... 问题原来是文件权限。如果应用程序目录没有执行权限，它将无法导入。

- pedwards