如何翻译通过Snap软件包安装的程序？

Question

我在Ubuntu 16.10 Yakkety Yak上通过snap包安装了VLC。但是安装完成后是英文版的（我的Ubuntu版本是西班牙语）。

基本上同样的问题已经在Snap (snapcraft?) and translated apps和How it change language in vlc (snap)上被问过，并且VLC的翻译文件也存在。

$ locate /vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ach/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/af/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/am/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/an/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ar/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ast/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/az/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/be/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/bg/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/bn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/bn_IN/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/br/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/bs/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ca/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/cgg/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ckb/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/co/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/cy/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/en_GB/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/et/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/eu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/fa/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ff/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/fur/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ga/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/gd/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/gu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/he/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/hi/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/hr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/hu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/hy/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ia/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/id/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/is/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ka/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/kk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/km/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/kn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ko/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ky/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/lg/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/lv/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/mk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ml/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/mn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ms/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/my/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ne/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/nl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/oc/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/or/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/pa/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ps/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/pt_PT/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ro/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/si/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/sq/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/ta/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/te/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/tet/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/th/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/tl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/uz/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/vi/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/wa/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/share/locale/zu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ach/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/af/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/am/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/an/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ar/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ast/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/az/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/be/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/bg/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/bn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/bn_IN/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/br/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/bs/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ca/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/cgg/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ckb/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/co/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/cy/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/en_GB/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/es_MX/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/et/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/eu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/fa/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ff/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/fur/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ga/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/gd/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/gu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/he/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/hi/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/hr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/hu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/hy/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ia/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/id/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/is/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ka/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/kk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/km/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/kn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ko/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ks_IN/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ky/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/lg/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/lv/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/mai/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/mk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ml/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/mn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ms/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/my/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ne/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/nl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/oc/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/or/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/pa/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ps/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/pt_PT/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ro/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/si/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/sq/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/ta/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/te/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/tet/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/th/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/tl/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/uz/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/vi/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/wa/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo
/snap/vlc/1/usr/share/locale/zu/LC_MESSAGES/vlc.mo

- user186255

Answer 1

对于打包为snaps的应用程序，可能需要更改代码，以便能够在文件系统中正确位置找到翻译内容。

对于使用gettext的应用程序和库来说，这意味着调用bindtextdomain()时需要将$SNAP环境变量的值添加到作为第二个参数传递的目录路径之前。任何没有这样做的应用程序（以及它们可能使用的库），由于使用了硬编码路径指向snap之外的路径，可能无法正常工作翻译。

- dobey

---

谢谢您的答复！可能这是一个打包问题，我已经向Snapcraft邮件列表发送了一封消息。 - Gunnar Hjalmarsson

Answer 2

根据ToX 82在Snap（snapcraft？）和翻译应用程序的评论中指出，存在一个错误报告。这似乎不是与个别的VLC snap有关，而是一个普遍存在的snap本地化问题。

- Gunnar Hjalmarsson

---

有多种可能的方法来“解决”它，包括可能修补gettext/libintl本身，以便始终在bindtextdomain()中预先添加$SNAP值，但实际上作为snaps打包的东西应该被构建为通过相对路径引用snap内部所需文件。 - dobey

@dobey：好的，你的意思是无论整体讨论如何，只要在构建一个快照时做对了事情，就能正常运行，是吗？ - Gunnar Hjalmarsson

是的，一般来说是可以的。可能会有底层库的问题，但如果所有内容都包含在快照中，并且二进制文件构建时引用了快照中的路径，那么它就能正常工作。 - dobey