我想知道是否可以在图形面板上使用渐变绘制弧形，以及如何实现。我的最终目标是将弧形旋转一整圈，类似于旋转加载圆圈，但它不是加载栏。它将成为自定义JButton的背景。如果有任何建议可以创建类似效果的替代方案，将不胜感激。这类似于我想要绘制的内容。请记住，它将会“旋转”。
1个回答
9
public class TestArc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestArc();
}
public TestArc() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
public TestPane() {
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(200, 200);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
int radius = Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight());
int x = (getWidth() - radius) / 2;
int y = (getHeight() - radius) / 2;
RadialGradientPaint rgp = new RadialGradientPaint(
new Point(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2),
radius,
new float[]{0f, 1f},
new Color[]{Color.RED, Color.YELLOW}
);
g2d.setPaint(rgp);
g2d.fill(new Arc2D.Float(x, y, radius, radius, 0, 45, Arc2D.PIE));
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
您可能想了解有关2D图形的更多信息，请查看2D Graphics。 在获得额外输入后更新 所以您需要一个圆锥填充效果...
我使用的实现来自Harmonic Code，但我找不到直接引用它的地方（我认为它是他系列教程（非常出色）的一部分），但您可以在此处查看源代码here。
现在。 我遇到了角度问题，因为似乎0从顶点（而不是左边）开始，并且不喜欢负角度...您可能会有更好的运气，但我所做的是在我可以轻松工作的位置创建基本缓冲区，然后使用
AffineTransformation旋转图形上下文...public class TestArc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestArc();
}
public TestArc() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
private float angle = 0;
private float extent = 270;
private BufferedImage buffer;
public TestPane() {
Timer timer = new Timer(125, new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
angle -= 5;
if (angle > 360) {
angle = 0;
}
repaint();
}
});
timer.setRepeats(true);
timer.setCoalesce(false);
timer.start();
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(200, 200);
}
protected BufferedImage getBuffer() {
if (buffer == null) {
int radius = Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight());
int x = (getWidth() - radius) / 2;
int y = (getHeight() - radius) / 2;
buffer = new BufferedImage(radius, radius, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D g2d = buffer.createGraphics();
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
float startAngle = 0;
Color start = new Color(0, 128, 0, 128);
Color end = new Color(0, 128, 0, 0);
ConicalGradientPaint rgp = new ConicalGradientPaint(
true,
new Point(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2),
0.5f,
new float[]{startAngle, extent},
new Color[]{start, end});
g2d.setPaint(rgp);
g2d.fill(new Arc2D.Float(x, y, radius, radius, startAngle + 90, -extent, Arc2D.PIE));
// g2d.fill(new Ellipse2D.Float(0, 0, radius, radius));
g2d.dispose();
g2d.dispose();
}
return buffer;
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
int radius = Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight());
int x = (getWidth()) / 2;
int y = (getHeight()) / 2;
BufferedImage buffer = getBuffer();
g2d.setTransform(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(Math.toRadians(angle), x, y));
x = (getWidth() - buffer.getWidth()) / 2;
y = (getHeight() - buffer.getHeight()) / 2;
g2d.drawImage(buffer, x, y, this);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
public final class ConicalGradientPaint implements java.awt.Paint {
private final java.awt.geom.Point2D CENTER;
private final double[] FRACTION_ANGLES;
private final double[] RED_STEP_LOOKUP;
private final double[] GREEN_STEP_LOOKUP;
private final double[] BLUE_STEP_LOOKUP;
private final double[] ALPHA_STEP_LOOKUP;
private final java.awt.Color[] COLORS;
private static final float INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST = 1f / 255f;
/**
* Standard constructor which takes the FRACTIONS in values from 0.0f to
* 1.0f
*
* @param CENTER
* @param GIVEN_FRACTIONS
* @param GIVEN_COLORS
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
*/
public ConicalGradientPaint(final java.awt.geom.Point2D CENTER, final float[] GIVEN_FRACTIONS, final java.awt.Color[] GIVEN_COLORS) throws IllegalArgumentException {
this(false, CENTER, 0.0f, GIVEN_FRACTIONS, GIVEN_COLORS);
}
/**
* Enhanced constructor which takes the FRACTIONS in degress from 0.0f to
* 360.0f and also an GIVEN_OFFSET in degrees around the rotation CENTER
*
* @param USE_DEGREES
* @param CENTER
* @param GIVEN_OFFSET
* @param GIVEN_FRACTIONS
* @param GIVEN_COLORS
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
*/
public ConicalGradientPaint(final boolean USE_DEGREES, final java.awt.geom.Point2D CENTER, final float GIVEN_OFFSET, final float[] GIVEN_FRACTIONS, final java.awt.Color[] GIVEN_COLORS) throws IllegalArgumentException {
// Check that fractions and colors are of the same size
if (GIVEN_FRACTIONS.length != GIVEN_COLORS.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Fractions and colors must be equal in size");
}
final java.util.ArrayList<Float> FRACTION_LIST = new java.util.ArrayList<Float>(GIVEN_FRACTIONS.length);
final float OFFSET;
if (USE_DEGREES) {
final double DEG_FRACTION = 1f / 360f;
if (Double.compare((GIVEN_OFFSET * DEG_FRACTION), -0.5) == 0) {
OFFSET = -0.5f;
} else if (Double.compare((GIVEN_OFFSET * DEG_FRACTION), 0.5) == 0) {
OFFSET = 0.5f;
} else {
OFFSET = (float) (GIVEN_OFFSET * DEG_FRACTION);
}
for (float fraction : GIVEN_FRACTIONS) {
FRACTION_LIST.add((float) (fraction * DEG_FRACTION));
}
} else {
// Now it seems to work with rotation of 0.5f, below is the old code to correct the problem
// if (GIVEN_OFFSET == -0.5)
// {
// // This is needed because of problems in the creation of the Raster
// // with a angle offset of exactly -0.5
// OFFSET = -0.49999f;
// }
// else if (GIVEN_OFFSET == 0.5)
// {
// // This is needed because of problems in the creation of the Raster
// // with a angle offset of exactly +0.5
// OFFSET = 0.499999f;
// }
// else
{
OFFSET = GIVEN_OFFSET;
}
for (float fraction : GIVEN_FRACTIONS) {
FRACTION_LIST.add(fraction);
}
}
// Check for valid offset
if (OFFSET > 0.5f || OFFSET < -0.5f) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Offset has to be in the range of -0.5 to 0.5");
}
// Adjust fractions and colors array in the case where startvalue != 0.0f and/or endvalue != 1.0f
final java.util.List<java.awt.Color> COLOR_LIST = new java.util.ArrayList<java.awt.Color>(GIVEN_COLORS.length);
COLOR_LIST.addAll(java.util.Arrays.asList(GIVEN_COLORS));
// Assure that fractions start with 0.0f
if (FRACTION_LIST.get(0) != 0.0f) {
FRACTION_LIST.add(0, 0.0f);
final java.awt.Color TMP_COLOR = COLOR_LIST.get(0);
COLOR_LIST.add(0, TMP_COLOR);
}
// Assure that fractions end with 1.0f
if (FRACTION_LIST.get(FRACTION_LIST.size() - 1) != 1.0f) {
FRACTION_LIST.add(1.0f);
COLOR_LIST.add(GIVEN_COLORS[0]);
}
// Recalculate the fractions and colors with the given offset
final java.util.Map<Float, java.awt.Color> FRACTION_COLORS = recalculate(FRACTION_LIST, COLOR_LIST, OFFSET);
// Clear the original FRACTION_LIST and COLOR_LIST
FRACTION_LIST.clear();
COLOR_LIST.clear();
// Sort the hashmap by fraction and add the values to the FRACION_LIST and COLOR_LIST
final java.util.SortedSet<Float> SORTED_FRACTIONS = new java.util.TreeSet<Float>(FRACTION_COLORS.keySet());
final java.util.Iterator<Float> ITERATOR = SORTED_FRACTIONS.iterator();
while (ITERATOR.hasNext()) {
final float CURRENT_FRACTION = ITERATOR.next();
FRACTION_LIST.add(CURRENT_FRACTION);
COLOR_LIST.add(FRACTION_COLORS.get(CURRENT_FRACTION));
}
// Set the values
this.CENTER = CENTER;
COLORS = COLOR_LIST.toArray(new java.awt.Color[]{});
// Prepare lookup table for the angles of each fraction
final int MAX_FRACTIONS = FRACTION_LIST.size();
this.FRACTION_ANGLES = new double[MAX_FRACTIONS];
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FRACTIONS; i++) {
FRACTION_ANGLES[i] = FRACTION_LIST.get(i) * 360;
}
// Prepare lookup tables for the color stepsize of each color
RED_STEP_LOOKUP = new double[COLORS.length];
GREEN_STEP_LOOKUP = new double[COLORS.length];
BLUE_STEP_LOOKUP = new double[COLORS.length];
ALPHA_STEP_LOOKUP = new double[COLORS.length];
for (int i = 0; i < (COLORS.length - 1); i++) {
RED_STEP_LOOKUP[i] = ((COLORS[i + 1].getRed() - COLORS[i].getRed()) * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST) / (FRACTION_ANGLES[i + 1] - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]);
GREEN_STEP_LOOKUP[i] = ((COLORS[i + 1].getGreen() - COLORS[i].getGreen()) * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST) / (FRACTION_ANGLES[i + 1] - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]);
BLUE_STEP_LOOKUP[i] = ((COLORS[i + 1].getBlue() - COLORS[i].getBlue()) * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST) / (FRACTION_ANGLES[i + 1] - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]);
ALPHA_STEP_LOOKUP[i] = ((COLORS[i + 1].getAlpha() - COLORS[i].getAlpha()) * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST) / (FRACTION_ANGLES[i + 1] - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]);
}
}
/**
* Recalculates the fractions in the FRACTION_LIST and their associated
* colors in the COLOR_LIST with a given OFFSET. Because the conical
* gradients always starts with 0 at the top and clockwise direction you
* could rotate the defined conical gradient from -180 to 180 degrees which
* equals values from -0.5 to +0.5
*
* @param FRACTION_LIST
* @param COLOR_LIST
* @param OFFSET
* @return Hashmap that contains the recalculated fractions and colors after
* a given rotation
*/
private java.util.HashMap<Float, java.awt.Color> recalculate(final java.util.List<Float> FRACTION_LIST, final java.util.List<java.awt.Color> COLOR_LIST, final float OFFSET) {
// Recalculate the fractions and colors with the given offset
final int MAX_FRACTIONS = FRACTION_LIST.size();
final java.util.HashMap<Float, java.awt.Color> FRACTION_COLORS = new java.util.HashMap<Float, java.awt.Color>(MAX_FRACTIONS);
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FRACTIONS; i++) {
// Add offset to fraction
final float TMP_FRACTION = FRACTION_LIST.get(i) + OFFSET;
// Color related to current fraction
final java.awt.Color TMP_COLOR = COLOR_LIST.get(i);
// Check each fraction for limits (0...1)
if (TMP_FRACTION <= 0) {
FRACTION_COLORS.put(1.0f + TMP_FRACTION + 0.0001f, TMP_COLOR);
final float NEXT_FRACTION;
final java.awt.Color NEXT_COLOR;
if (i < MAX_FRACTIONS - 1) {
NEXT_FRACTION = FRACTION_LIST.get(i + 1) + OFFSET;
NEXT_COLOR = COLOR_LIST.get(i + 1);
} else {
NEXT_FRACTION = 1 - FRACTION_LIST.get(0) + OFFSET;
NEXT_COLOR = COLOR_LIST.get(0);
}
if (NEXT_FRACTION > 0) {
final java.awt.Color NEW_FRACTION_COLOR = getColorFromFraction(TMP_COLOR, NEXT_COLOR, (int) ((NEXT_FRACTION - TMP_FRACTION) * 10000), (int) ((-TMP_FRACTION) * 10000));
FRACTION_COLORS.put(0.0f, NEW_FRACTION_COLOR);
FRACTION_COLORS.put(1.0f, NEW_FRACTION_COLOR);
}
} else if (TMP_FRACTION >= 1) {
FRACTION_COLORS.put(TMP_FRACTION - 1.0f - 0.0001f, TMP_COLOR);
final float PREVIOUS_FRACTION;
final java.awt.Color PREVIOUS_COLOR;
if (i > 0) {
PREVIOUS_FRACTION = FRACTION_LIST.get(i - 1) + OFFSET;
PREVIOUS_COLOR = COLOR_LIST.get(i - 1);
} else {
PREVIOUS_FRACTION = FRACTION_LIST.get(MAX_FRACTIONS - 1) + OFFSET;
PREVIOUS_COLOR = COLOR_LIST.get(MAX_FRACTIONS - 1);
}
if (PREVIOUS_FRACTION < 1) {
final java.awt.Color NEW_FRACTION_COLOR = getColorFromFraction(TMP_COLOR, PREVIOUS_COLOR, (int) ((TMP_FRACTION - PREVIOUS_FRACTION) * 10000), (int) (TMP_FRACTION - 1.0f) * 10000);
FRACTION_COLORS.put(1.0f, NEW_FRACTION_COLOR);
FRACTION_COLORS.put(0.0f, NEW_FRACTION_COLOR);
}
} else {
FRACTION_COLORS.put(TMP_FRACTION, TMP_COLOR);
}
}
// Clear the original FRACTION_LIST and COLOR_LIST
FRACTION_LIST.clear();
COLOR_LIST.clear();
return FRACTION_COLORS;
}
/**
* With the START_COLOR at the beginning and the DESTINATION_COLOR at the
* end of the given RANGE the method will calculate and return the color
* that equals the given VALUE. e.g. a START_COLOR of BLACK (R:0, G:0, B:0,
* A:255) and a DESTINATION_COLOR of WHITE(R:255, G:255, B:255, A:255) with
* a given RANGE of 100 and a given VALUE of 50 will return the color that
* is exactly in the middle of the gradient between black and white which is
* gray(R:128, G:128, B:128, A:255) So this method is really useful to
* calculate colors in gradients between two given colors.
*
* @param START_COLOR
* @param DESTINATION_COLOR
* @param RANGE
* @param VALUE
* @return Color calculated from a range of values by given value
*/
public java.awt.Color getColorFromFraction(final java.awt.Color START_COLOR, final java.awt.Color DESTINATION_COLOR, final int RANGE, final int VALUE) {
final float SOURCE_RED = START_COLOR.getRed() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float SOURCE_GREEN = START_COLOR.getGreen() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float SOURCE_BLUE = START_COLOR.getBlue() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float SOURCE_ALPHA = START_COLOR.getAlpha() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float DESTINATION_RED = DESTINATION_COLOR.getRed() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float DESTINATION_GREEN = DESTINATION_COLOR.getGreen() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float DESTINATION_BLUE = DESTINATION_COLOR.getBlue() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float DESTINATION_ALPHA = DESTINATION_COLOR.getAlpha() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST;
final float RED_DELTA = DESTINATION_RED - SOURCE_RED;
final float GREEN_DELTA = DESTINATION_GREEN - SOURCE_GREEN;
final float BLUE_DELTA = DESTINATION_BLUE - SOURCE_BLUE;
final float ALPHA_DELTA = DESTINATION_ALPHA - SOURCE_ALPHA;
final float RED_FRACTION = RED_DELTA / RANGE;
final float GREEN_FRACTION = GREEN_DELTA / RANGE;
final float BLUE_FRACTION = BLUE_DELTA / RANGE;
final float ALPHA_FRACTION = ALPHA_DELTA / RANGE;
//System.out.println(DISTANCE + " " + CURRENT_FRACTION);
return new java.awt.Color(SOURCE_RED + RED_FRACTION * VALUE, SOURCE_GREEN + GREEN_FRACTION * VALUE, SOURCE_BLUE + BLUE_FRACTION * VALUE, SOURCE_ALPHA + ALPHA_FRACTION * VALUE);
}
@Override
public java.awt.PaintContext createContext(final java.awt.image.ColorModel COLOR_MODEL, final java.awt.Rectangle DEVICE_BOUNDS, final java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D USER_BOUNDS, final java.awt.geom.AffineTransform TRANSFORM, final java.awt.RenderingHints HINTS) {
final java.awt.geom.Point2D TRANSFORMED_CENTER = TRANSFORM.transform(CENTER, null);
return new ConicalGradientPaintContext(TRANSFORMED_CENTER);
}
@Override
public int getTransparency() {
return java.awt.Transparency.TRANSLUCENT;
}
private final class ConicalGradientPaintContext implements java.awt.PaintContext {
final private java.awt.geom.Point2D CENTER;
public ConicalGradientPaintContext(final java.awt.geom.Point2D CENTER) {
this.CENTER = new java.awt.geom.Point2D.Double(CENTER.getX(), CENTER.getY());
}
@Override
public void dispose() {
}
@Override
public java.awt.image.ColorModel getColorModel() {
return java.awt.image.ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
}
@Override
public java.awt.image.Raster getRaster(final int X, final int Y, final int TILE_WIDTH, final int TILE_HEIGHT) {
final double ROTATION_CENTER_X = -X + CENTER.getX();
final double ROTATION_CENTER_Y = -Y + CENTER.getY();
final int MAX = FRACTION_ANGLES.length;
// Create raster for given colormodel
final java.awt.image.WritableRaster RASTER = getColorModel().createCompatibleWritableRaster(TILE_WIDTH, TILE_HEIGHT);
// Create data array with place for red, green, blue and alpha values
int[] data = new int[(TILE_WIDTH * TILE_HEIGHT * 4)];
double dx;
double dy;
double distance;
double angle;
double currentRed = 0;
double currentGreen = 0;
double currentBlue = 0;
double currentAlpha = 0;
for (int py = 0; py < TILE_HEIGHT; py++) {
for (int px = 0; px < TILE_WIDTH; px++) {
// Calculate the distance between the current position and the rotation angle
dx = px - ROTATION_CENTER_X;
dy = py - ROTATION_CENTER_Y;
distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
// Avoid division by zero
if (distance == 0) {
distance = 1;
}
// 0 degree on top
angle = Math.abs(Math.toDegrees(Math.acos(dx / distance)));
if (dx >= 0 && dy <= 0) {
angle = 90.0 - angle;
} else if (dx >= 0 && dy >= 0) {
angle += 90.0;
} else if (dx <= 0 && dy >= 0) {
angle += 90.0;
} else if (dx <= 0 && dy <= 0) {
angle = 450.0 - angle;
}
// Check for each angle in fractionAngles array
for (int i = 0; i < (MAX - 1); i++) {
if ((angle >= FRACTION_ANGLES[i])) {
currentRed = COLORS[i].getRed() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST + (angle - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]) * RED_STEP_LOOKUP[i];
currentGreen = COLORS[i].getGreen() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST + (angle - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]) * GREEN_STEP_LOOKUP[i];
currentBlue = COLORS[i].getBlue() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST + (angle - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]) * BLUE_STEP_LOOKUP[i];
currentAlpha = COLORS[i].getAlpha() * INT_TO_FLOAT_CONST + (angle - FRACTION_ANGLES[i]) * ALPHA_STEP_LOOKUP[i];
continue;
}
}
// Fill data array with calculated color values
final int BASE = (py * TILE_WIDTH + px) * 4;
data[BASE + 0] = (int) (currentRed * 255);
data[BASE + 1] = (int) (currentGreen * 255);
data[BASE + 2] = (int) (currentBlue * 255);
data[BASE + 3] = (int) (currentAlpha * 255);
}
}
// Fill the raster with the data
RASTER.setPixels(0, 0, TILE_WIDTH, TILE_HEIGHT, data);
return RASTER;
}
}
}
}
- MadProgrammer
5
虽然我标记为正确，但我意识到这不是我要找的，抱歉。我的弧是“C”形，因此它不是Arc2D.Pie，而是Arc2D.OPEN。我想要的是从弧的开始到弧的结束进行渐变。 - Exikle
@MadProgrammer 我不想从圆的中间开始并逐渐渗出。我希望它类似于...一个例子就是潜艇上的声纳。线如何在圆圈中旋转但有一个轨迹。我想要那个，但只在外面，因此使用Arc2D.OPEN。 - Exikle
@MadProgrammer 我在原始问题中放了一张图片作为我想要的示例。 - Exikle
1@Exikle 我已经添加了一个使用圆锥填充效果的解决方案。将其应用于不同的形状不应该很困难。 - MadProgrammer
@MadProgrammer 谢谢，抱歉造成困惑。 - Exikle
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