如何根据Excel中的列将数据拆分为多个工作簿/文件？

Question

如何根据Excel中的列将数据拆分为多个工作簿/文件？

3

我对VBA非常陌生，所以希望不要显得太无知。每个月我都会收到一份包含A到T范围内大约7000-10000行数据的报告。我需要将这些数据分成多个工作簿/文件，以便发送出去。

目前，我手动筛选列并将数据复制粘贴到空白Excel中，并为每个名称另存为，但这仅仅是非常低效的。我完全不了解VBA或任何代码，因此我一直在搜索是否有任何助于我的代码。我不确定是否可以直接筛选数据并将其保存到新的工作簿中，但我知道可以将其保存为工作表。我已经接近实现这个目标，使用了这里的代码：https://www.excelhow.net/split-data-into-multiple-worksheets-based-on-column.html，但我注意到工作表名称的字符限制会导致一些问题。

Sub parse_data()
    Dim lr As Long
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim vcol, i As Integer
    Dim icol As Long
    Dim myarr As Variant
    Dim title As String
    Dim titlerow As Integer

    'This macro splits data into multiple worksheets based on the variables on a column found in Excel.
    'An InputBox asks you which columns you'd like to filter by, and it just creates these worksheets.

    Application.ScreenUpdating = False
    vcol = Application.InputBox(prompt:="Which column would you like to filter by?", title:="Filter column", Default:="3", Type:=1)
    Set ws = ActiveSheet
    lr = ws.Cells(ws.Rows.Count, vcol).End(xlUp).Row
    title = "A1"
    titlerow = ws.Range(title).Cells(1).Row
    icol = ws.Columns.Count
    ws.Cells(1, icol) = "Unique"
    For i = 2 To lr
        On Error Resume Next
        If ws.Cells(i, vcol) <> "" And Application.WorksheetFunction.Match(ws.Cells(i, vcol), ws.Columns(icol), 0) = 0 Then
            ws.Cells(ws.Rows.Count, icol).End(xlUp).Offset(1) = ws.Cells(i, vcol)
        End If
    Next

    myarr = Application.WorksheetFunction.Transpose(ws.Columns(icol).SpecialCells(xlCellTypeConstants))
    ws.Columns(icol).Clear

    For i = 2 To UBound(myarr)
        ws.Range(title).AutoFilter field:=vcol, Criteria1:=myarr(i) & ""
        If Not Evaluate("=ISREF('" & myarr(i) & "'!A1)") Then
            Sheets.Add(after:=Worksheets(Worksheets.Count)).Name = myarr(i) & ""
        Else
            Sheets(myarr(i) & "").Move after:=Worksheets(Worksheets.Count)
        End If
        ws.Range("A" & titlerow & ":A" & lr).EntireRow.Copy Sheets(myarr(i) & "").Range("A1")
        'Sheets(myarr(i) & "").Columns.AutoFit
    Next

    ws.AutoFilterMode = False
    ws.Activate
    Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub

请问有人能帮我将数据根据名称列(C)分割成多个工作簿，或者绕过/避免工作表名称的字符限制，将工作表保存为单独的工作簿并稍后重命名它们吗？我发送的文件标题中有名称 (例如 NameXYZ_report)，因此最好根据该列命名结果。

问题摘要:

根据名称 (列C值，通常超过31个字符) 将数据直接拆分为多个工作簿，并将文件名命名为 'Name_report0122'，同时保留标题(第1行)
保留原数据的列宽

编辑：如果不可能直接将它们保存为工作簿，那么将它们保存为名称缩短后的工作表，然后将这些工作表另存为工作簿，最后批量正确地重新命名是否可行？

非常抱歉我的问题可能会引起任何困惑，因为我是新手但我想提高。谢谢大家!

- waddee

文件名可以超过31个字符，但工作表名称不能超过此限制。请澄清您打算如何处理这个问题。另外，您应该发布您尝试过的代码，以便我们可以在此基础上进行开发。如果您没有代码，可以使用宏记录器生成一个。您始终可以使用编辑您的问题来添加其他细节。 - VBasic2008

嗨@VBasic2008，这实际上也是我想知道的事情。我猜如果我能直接过滤并将数据保存为工作簿，那么工作表的限制就不会成问题，但我只是试图将它们保存为工作表，因为我的谷歌搜索结果显示了数据拆分->工作表->工作簿。如果我能直接进入工作簿，那就更好了！我已经编辑了我的问题，并附上了代码和细节，感谢您的建议！ - waddee

1个回答

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可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- VBasic2008 · Accepted Answer

将筛选后的数据导出到新工作簿

Option Explicit

Sub ExportToWorkbooks()
    
    Const aibPrompt As String = "Which column would you like to filter by?"
    Const aibtitle As String = "Filter Column"
    Const aibDefault As Long = 3
    
    Dim dFileExtension As String: dFileExtension = ".xlsx"
    Dim dFileFormat As XlFileFormat: dFileFormat = xlOpenXMLWorkbook
    Dim dFolderPath As String: dFolderPath = "C:\Test\"
    
    If Right(dFolderPath, 1) <> "\" Then dFolderPath = dFolderPath & "\"
    If Len(Dir(dFolderPath, vbDirectory)) = 0 Then Exit Sub ' folder not found
    If Left(dFileExtension, 1) <> "." Then dFileExtension = "." & dFileExtension
    
    Application.ScreenUpdating = False
    
    Dim sCol As Variant
    sCol = Application.InputBox(aibPrompt, aibtitle, aibDefault, , , , , 1)
    If Len(CStr(sCol)) = 0 Then Exit Sub ' no entry
    If sCol = False Then Exit Sub ' canceled
    
    Dim sws As Worksheet: Set sws = ActiveSheet
    If sws.AutoFilterMode Then sws.AutoFilterMode = False ' turn off AutoFilter
    Dim srg As Range: Set srg = sws.Range("A1").CurrentRegion
    Dim srCount As Long: srCount = srg.Rows.Count
    If srCount < 3 Then Exit Sub ' not enough rows
    Dim srrg As Range: Set srrg = srg.Rows(1) ' to copy column widths
    Dim scrg As Range: Set scrg = srg.Columns(sCol)
    Dim scData As Variant: scData = scrg.Value
    
    ' Write the unique values from the 1st column to a dictionary.
    
    Dim dict As Object: Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
    dict.CompareMode = vbTextCompare ' case insensitive
    
    Dim Key As Variant
    Dim r As Long
    
    For r = 2 To srCount
        Key = scData(r, 1)
        If Not IsError(Key) Then ' exclude error values
            If Len(Key) > 0 Then ' exclude blanks
                dict(Key) = Empty
            End If
        End If
    Next r
    If dict.Count = 0 Then Exit Sub ' only error values and blanks
    Erase scData
    
    Dim dwb As Workbook
    Dim dws As Worksheet
    Dim dfcell As Range
    Dim dFilePath As String
    
    For Each Key In dict.Keys
        ' Add a new (destination) workbook and reference the first cell.
        Set dwb = Workbooks.Add(xlWBATWorksheet) ' one worksheet
        Set dws = dwb.Worksheets(1)
        Set dfcell = dws.Range("A1")
        ' Copy/Paste
        srrg.Copy
        dfcell.PasteSpecial xlPasteColumnWidths
        srg.AutoFilter sCol, Key
        srg.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeVisible).Copy dfcell
        sws.ShowAllData
        dfcell.Select
        ' Save/Close
        dFilePath = dFolderPath & Key & dFileExtension ' build the file path
        Application.DisplayAlerts = False ' overwrite without confirmation
        dwb.SaveAs dFilePath, xlOpenXMLWorkbook
        Application.DisplayAlerts = True
        dwb.Close SaveChanges:=False
    Next Key
    
    sws.AutoFilterMode = False
    Application.ScreenUpdating = True
    
    MsgBox "Data exported.", vbInformation
    
End Sub