C#是否有内置支持解析页码字符串的功能?

20

C#中是否有内置支持解析页面编号字符串的功能?其中,页面编号是指您可能在打印对话框中输入的混合逗号和破折号分隔格式。

类似于这样:

1,3,5-10,12

一个非常好的解决方案是返回一个列出由该字符串表示的所有页码的列表。在上面的例子中,返回以下列表会很好:

1,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,12

如果有简单的方法可以做到,我只是想避免自己动手。


2
执行相反的操作,请参见https://dev59.com/rWsz5IYBdhLWcg3wv6ju。 - Grhm
11个回答

25

应该很简单:

foreach( string s in "1,3,5-10,12".Split(',') ) 
{
    // try and get the number
    int num;
    if( int.TryParse( s, out num ) )
    {
        yield return num;
        continue; // skip the rest
    }

    // otherwise we might have a range
    // split on the range delimiter
    string[] subs = s.Split('-');
    int start, end;

    // now see if we can parse a start and end
    if( subs.Length > 1 &&
        int.TryParse(subs[0], out start) &&
        int.TryParse(subs[1], out end) &&
        end >= start )
    {
        // create a range between the two values
        int rangeLength = end - start + 1;
        foreach(int i in Enumerable.Range(start, rangeLength))
        {
            yield return i;
        }
    }
}

编辑:感谢修复;-)


我建议做两个更改:(1)在第一个yield return num;之后添加continue;,这样就不需要使用else了;(2)将比较改为end >= start,这样就可以支持单项范围,例如1-1 - Michael Teper
@Michael Teper - 感谢您的建议。(1)我认为使用 continue 进行“早期退出”只是一种纯编码风格。我喜欢这种“斯巴达式”的风格,但发现我的团队中大多数开发人员更喜欢具体的 else 块,特别是当它只有几行时。(2)我故意避免了许多错误检查等内容,只是为了使示例简单明了。你可以增加很多东西——例如,如果无法解析范围,则此代码会跳过它,但某种类型的异常可能更可取,因为跳过可能导致错误被默默地忽略。 - Keith

9
它本身没有内置的方法来实现这个功能,但使用String.Split将会非常简单。
只需按','分割,然后您就有了一系列字符串,表示页面号或范围。遍历该系列并对'-'进行String.Split。如果没有结果,则是普通的页码,因此将其放入页面列表中。如果有结果,请将'-'的左侧和右侧作为边界,并使用简单的for循环在该范围内添加每个页码到最终列表中。
只需要5分钟即可完成,然后再花费10分钟添加一些健全性检查,以在用户尝试输入无效数据(例如“1-2-3”之类)时抛出错误。

@Daniel Jennings 这似乎是一个合理的方法。我只是想确保微软没有一个名为PageNumberStringParser的解析器,可以处理所有奇怪的边缘情况。 - Mark Biek

6

Keith的方法看起来很不错。我使用列表组合了一个更加朴素的方法。这个方法有错误检查,因此希望能够捕捉到大多数问题:

public List<int> parsePageNumbers(string input) {
  if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input))
    throw new InvalidOperationException("Input string is empty.");

  var pageNos = input.Split(',');

  var ret = new List<int>();
  foreach(string pageString in pageNos) {
    if (pageString.Contains("-")) {
      parsePageRange(ret, pageString);
    } else {
      ret.Add(parsePageNumber(pageString));
    }
  }

  ret.Sort();
  return ret.Distinct().ToList();
}

private int parsePageNumber(string pageString) {
  int ret;

  if (!int.TryParse(pageString, out ret)) {
    throw new InvalidOperationException(
      string.Format("Page number '{0}' is not valid.", pageString));
  }

  return ret;
}

private void parsePageRange(List<int> pageNumbers, string pageNo) {
  var pageRange = pageNo.Split('-');

  if (pageRange.Length != 2)
    throw new InvalidOperationException(
      string.Format("Page range '{0}' is not valid.", pageNo));

  int startPage = parsePageNumber(pageRange[0]),
    endPage = parsePageNumber(pageRange[1]);

  if (startPage > endPage) {
    throw new InvalidOperationException(
      string.Format("Page number {0} is greater than page number {1}" +
      " in page range '{2}'", startPage, endPage, pageNo));
  }

  pageNumbers.AddRange(Enumerable.Range(startPage, endPage - startPage + 1));
}

5
以下是我刚刚编写的代码,用于执行此操作。您可以按照以下格式输入:1-2,5abcd,6,7,20-15,,,,,,,
易于添加其他格式。
    private int[] ParseRange(string ranges)
    { 
        string[] groups = ranges.Split(',');
        return groups.SelectMany(t => GetRangeNumbers(t)).ToArray();
    }

    private int[] GetRangeNumbers(string range)
    {
        //string justNumbers = new String(text.Where(Char.IsDigit).ToArray());

        int[] RangeNums = range
            .Split('-')
            .Select(t => new String(t.Where(Char.IsDigit).ToArray())) // Digits Only
            .Where(t => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(t)) // Only if has a value
            .Select(t => int.Parse(t)) // digit to int
            .ToArray();
        return RangeNums.Length.Equals(2) ? Enumerable.Range(RangeNums.Min(), (RangeNums.Max() + 1) - RangeNums.Min()).ToArray() : RangeNums;
    }

2

没有测试用例,你无法确定。在我的情况下,我更喜欢使用空格分隔而不是逗号分隔。这会使解析变得稍微复杂一些。

    [Fact]
    public void ShouldBeAbleToParseRanges()
    {
        RangeParser.Parse( "1" ).Should().BeEquivalentTo( 1 );
        RangeParser.Parse( "-1..2" ).Should().BeEquivalentTo( -1,0,1,2 );

        RangeParser.Parse( "-1..2 " ).Should().BeEquivalentTo( -1,0,1,2 );
        RangeParser.Parse( "-1..2 5" ).Should().BeEquivalentTo( -1,0,1,2,5 );
        RangeParser.Parse( " -1  ..  2 5" ).Should().BeEquivalentTo( -1,0,1,2,5 );
    }

请注意,Keith的答案(或略有变化)在范围标记之间存在空格时将无法通过最后一个测试。这需要一个分词器和一个具有前瞻性的适当解析器。
namespace Utils
{
    public class RangeParser
    {

        public class RangeToken
        {
            public string Name;
            public string Value;
        }

        public static IEnumerable<RangeToken> Tokenize(string v)
        {
            var pattern =
                @"(?<number>-?[1-9]+[0-9]*)|" +
                @"(?<range>\.\.)";

            var regex = new Regex( pattern );
            var matches = regex.Matches( v );
            foreach (Match match in matches)
            {
                var numberGroup = match.Groups["number"];
                if (numberGroup.Success)
                {
                    yield return new RangeToken {Name = "number", Value = numberGroup.Value};
                    continue;
                }
                var rangeGroup = match.Groups["range"];
                if (rangeGroup.Success)
                {
                    yield return new RangeToken {Name = "range", Value = rangeGroup.Value};
                }

            }
        }

        public enum State { Start, Unknown, InRange}

        public static IEnumerable<int> Parse(string v)
        {

            var tokens = Tokenize( v );
            var state = State.Start;
            var number = 0;

            foreach (var token in tokens)
            {
                switch (token.Name)
                {
                    case "number":
                        var nextNumber = int.Parse( token.Value );
                        switch (state)
                        {
                            case State.Start:
                                number = nextNumber;
                                state = State.Unknown;
                                break;
                            case State.Unknown:
                                yield return number;
                                number = nextNumber;
                                break;
                            case State.InRange:
                                int rangeLength = nextNumber - number+ 1;
                                foreach (int i in Enumerable.Range( number, rangeLength ))
                                {
                                    yield return i;
                                }
                                state = State.Start;
                                break;
                            default:
                                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
                        }
                        break;
                    case "range":
                        switch (state)
                        {
                            case State.Start:
                                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
                                break;
                            case State.Unknown:
                                state = State.InRange;
                                break;
                            case State.InRange:
                                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
                                break;
                            default:
                                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
                        }
                        break;
                    default:
                        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException( nameof( token ) );
                }
            }
            switch (state)
            {
                case State.Start:
                    break;
                case State.Unknown:
                    yield return number;
                    break;
                case State.InRange:
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
            }
        }
    }
}

2

我为类似的问题准备了以下解决方案。

它处理以下类型的范围:

1        single number
1-5      range
-5       range from (firstpage) up to 5
5-       range from 5 up to (lastpage)
..       can use .. instead of -
;,       can use both semicolon, comma, and space, as separators

它不会检查重复值,所以集合1,5,-10将产生序列1, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

public class RangeParser
{
    public static IEnumerable<Int32> Parse(String s, Int32 firstPage, Int32 lastPage)
    {
        String[] parts = s.Split(' ', ';', ',');
        Regex reRange = new Regex(@"^\s*((?<from>\d+)|(?<from>\d+)(?<sep>(-|\.\.))(?<to>\d+)|(?<sep>(-|\.\.))(?<to>\d+)|(?<from>\d+)(?<sep>(-|\.\.)))\s*$");
        foreach (String part in parts)
        {
            Match maRange = reRange.Match(part);
            if (maRange.Success)
            {
                Group gFrom = maRange.Groups["from"];
                Group gTo = maRange.Groups["to"];
                Group gSep = maRange.Groups["sep"];

                if (gSep.Success)
                {
                    Int32 from = firstPage;
                    Int32 to = lastPage;
                    if (gFrom.Success)
                        from = Int32.Parse(gFrom.Value);
                    if (gTo.Success)
                        to = Int32.Parse(gTo.Value);
                    for (Int32 page = from; page <= to; page++)
                        yield return page;
                }
                else
                    yield return Int32.Parse(gFrom.Value);
            }
        }
    }
}

1

使用 SplitLinq 的一行代码方法

string input = "1,3,5-10,12";
IEnumerable<int> result = input.Split(',').SelectMany(x => x.Contains('-') ? Enumerable.Range(int.Parse(x.Split('-')[0]), int.Parse(x.Split('-')[1]) - int.Parse(x.Split('-')[0]) + 1) : new int[] { int.Parse(x) });

0
我想到的答案是:
static IEnumerable<string> ParseRange(string str)
{
    var numbers = str.Split(',');

    foreach (var n in numbers)
    {
       if (!n.Contains("-")) 
           yield return n;
       else
       {
           string startStr = String.Join("", n.TakeWhile(c => c != '-'));
           int startInt = Int32.Parse(startStr);

           string endStr = String.Join("", n.Reverse().TakeWhile(c => c != '-').Reverse());
           int endInt = Int32.Parse(endStr);

           var range = Enumerable.Range(startInt, endInt - startInt + 1)
                                 .Select(num => num.ToString());

           foreach (var s in range)
               yield return s;
        }
    }
}

0

我的解决方案:

  • 返回整数列表
  • 可能存在反转/错别字/重复:1,-3,5-,7-10,12-9 => 1,3,5,7,8,9,10,12,11,10,9(用于提取、重复页面)
  • 设置总页数的选项:1,-3,5-,7-10,12-9(Nmax=9)=> 1,3,5,7,8,9,9
  • 自动完成:1,-3,5-,8(Nmax=9)=> 1,3,5,6,7,8,9,8

        public static List<int> pageRangeToList(string pageRg, int Nmax = 0)
    {
        List<int> ls = new List<int>();
        int lb,ub,i;
        foreach (string ss in pageRg.Split(','))
        {
            if(int.TryParse(ss,out lb)){
                ls.Add(Math.Abs(lb));
            } else {
                var subls = ss.Split('-').ToList();
                lb = (int.TryParse(subls[0],out i)) ? i : 0;
                ub = (int.TryParse(subls[1],out i)) ? i : Nmax;
                ub = ub > 0 ? ub : lb; // 如果ub=0,则取lb的一个值
                for(i=0;i<=Math.Abs(ub-lb);i++) 
                    ls.Add(lb<ub? i+lb : lb-i);
            }
        }
        Nmax = Nmax > 0 ? Nmax : ls.Max(); // 实际Nmax
        return ls.Where(s => s>0 && s<=Nmax).ToList();
    }
    

0
这是lassevk代码的稍微修改版本,它处理了Regex匹配中的string.Split操作。它被编写为扩展方法,您可以使用LINQ的Disinct()扩展轻松处理重复问题。
    /// <summary>
    /// Parses a string representing a range of values into a sequence of integers.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="s">String to parse</param>
    /// <param name="minValue">Minimum value for open range specifier</param>
    /// <param name="maxValue">Maximum value for open range specifier</param>
    /// <returns>An enumerable sequence of integers</returns>
    /// <remarks>
    /// The range is specified as a string in the following forms or combination thereof:
    /// 5           single value
    /// 1,2,3,4,5   sequence of values
    /// 1-5         closed range
    /// -5          open range (converted to a sequence from minValue to 5)
    /// 1-          open range (converted to a sequence from 1 to maxValue)
    /// 
    /// The value delimiter can be either ',' or ';' and the range separator can be
    /// either '-' or ':'. Whitespace is permitted at any point in the input.
    /// 
    /// Any elements of the sequence that contain non-digit, non-whitespace, or non-separator
    /// characters or that are empty are ignored and not returned in the output sequence.
    /// </remarks>
    public static IEnumerable<int> ParseRange2(this string s, int minValue, int maxValue) {
        const string pattern = @"(?:^|(?<=[,;]))                      # match must begin with start of string or delim, where delim is , or ;
                                 \s*(                                 # leading whitespace
                                 (?<from>\d*)\s*(?:-|:)\s*(?<to>\d+)  # capture 'from <sep> to' or '<sep> to', where <sep> is - or :
                                 |                                    # or
                                 (?<from>\d+)\s*(?:-|:)\s*(?<to>\d*)  # capture 'from <sep> to' or 'from <sep>', where <sep> is - or :
                                 |                                    # or
                                 (?<num>\d+)                          # capture lone number
                                 )\s*                                 # trailing whitespace
                                 (?:(?=[,;\b])|$)                     # match must end with end of string or delim, where delim is , or ;";

        Regex regx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace | RegexOptions.Compiled);

        foreach (Match m in regx.Matches(s)) {
            Group gpNum = m.Groups["num"];
            if (gpNum.Success) {
                yield return int.Parse(gpNum.Value);

            } else {
                Group gpFrom = m.Groups["from"];
                Group gpTo = m.Groups["to"];
                if (gpFrom.Success || gpTo.Success) {
                    int from = (gpFrom.Success && gpFrom.Value.Length > 0 ? int.Parse(gpFrom.Value) : minValue);
                    int to = (gpTo.Success && gpTo.Value.Length > 0 ? int.Parse(gpTo.Value) : maxValue);

                    for (int i = from; i <= to; i++) {
                        yield return i;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

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