像很多人一样，当我运行bundle install时，在Ubuntu上安装rmagick遇到了问题。
我在运行bundle install命令时遇到以下错误：
我随后进行了一些搜索，并找到了一些添加缺失库的建议:
sudo apt-get install libmagick9-dev:
我在运行bundle install命令时遇到以下错误：
Installing rmagick (2.13.1)
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p371/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for gcc... yes
checking for Magick-config... no
Can't install RMagick 2.13.1. Can't find Magick-config in /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p371/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p371@global/bin:/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p371/bin:/usr/local/rvm/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more
details. You may need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p371/bin/ruby
Gem files will remain installed in /home/selfsale/.bundler/tmp/2908/gems/rmagick-2.13.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/selfsale/.bundler/tmp/2908/gems/rmagick-2.13.1/ext/RMagick/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing rmagick (2.13.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install rmagick -v '2.13.1'` succeeds before bundling.
我随后进行了一些搜索，并找到了一些添加缺失库的建议:
sudo apt-get install libmagick9-dev:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libmagick9-dev is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat
E: Package 'libmagick9-dev' has no installation candidate
请执行sudo apt-get install graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat命令以安装相关的IT技术。
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat : Depends: libgraphicsmagick1-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libgraphicsmagick++1-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libmagickwand-dev : Depends: libmagickcore-dev (= 8:6.6.9.7-5ubuntu3.2) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
sudo apt-get install libmagickcore-dev:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libmagickcore-dev : Depends: libbz2-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libfreetype6-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libpng-dev
Depends: librsvg2-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libwmf-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libx11-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libxext-dev but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libxt-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libmagick++-dev : Depends: libmagickcore-dev (= 8:6.6.9.7-5ubuntu3.2) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libmagickwand-dev (= 8:6.6.9.7-5ubuntu3.2) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
看起来任何尝试安装正确软件包的尝试都会出现这个问题。
我刚刚看到一篇有关从源代码安装Imagemagick的帖子，所以我将尝试这样做，但如果有更好的建议，我很乐意听取。
谢谢。
bundle install中遇到问题，回退到针对特定问题gem的gem install是值得的。这样稍微快一些，并且有时候表现出足够不同的行为，可以给你更好的问题线索。一旦解决了，你就可以再次回到bundle install来进行你的项目。 - Neil Slater