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使用Google Analytics跟踪碎片

javaandroidgoogle-analytics
30

只需要知道正确的方法来实现Google分析，以便实时跟踪用户何时位于片段中，这是我现在所做的。

@Override
public void onResume() {
    super.onResume();
    Tracker myTracker = parentActivity.getTracker();
    myTracker.setCustomMetric(1, (long) 1);               
    myTracker.sendView("Music View"); 
}

getTracker类在我的主要活动中，并且只返回主要活动中跟踪器的实例。

非常感谢任何帮助！

6个回答
47

Mochini的答案使用Google Analytics V2。下面您可以看到如何在V4和V3上执行此操作：

  • V4：

应用程序：

public class YourApplication extends Application
{
    public synchronized Tracker getTracker() {

        try {
            final GoogleAnalytics googleAnalytics = GoogleAnalytics.getInstance(this);
            return googleAnalytics.newTracker(R.xml.analytics);

        }catch(final Exception e){
            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize Google Analytics V4");
        }

        return null;
    }
}

res/xml/analytics.xml（您可以随意命名它，不一定要叫做“analytics”）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:ignore="TypographyDashes">

  <!--Replace placeholder ID with your tracking ID-->
  <string name="ga_trackingId">UA-XXXXXXXX-X</string>

  <!--Enable automatic activity tracking-->
  <bool name="ga_autoActivityTracking">true</bool>

  <!--Disable automatic exception tracking-->
  <bool name="ga_reportUncaughtExceptions">false</bool>

</resources>

build.gradle:

compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:7.3.0'

片段超类：

public abstract class TrackedFragment extends Fragment{

    @Override
    public void onResume() {

        super.onResume();

        final Tracker tracker = yourApplicationInstance.getTracker();
        if(tracker != null){

            tracker.setScreenName(getClass().getSimpleName());
            tracker.send(new HitBuilders.ScreenViewBuilder().build());
        }
    }
}

  • V3

    import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;

import com.google.analytics.tracking.android.EasyTracker;
import com.google.analytics.tracking.android.Fields;
import com.google.analytics.tracking.android.MapBuilder;
import com.google.analytics.tracking.android.Tracker;

public abstract class TrackedFragment extends Fragment{

     private Tracker tracker;

     @Override
     public void onActivityCreated(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {

         super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

         this.tracker = EasyTracker.getInstance(getActivity());
     }

     @Override
     public void onResume() {

         super.onResume();

         this.tracker.set(Fields.SCREEN_NAME, getClass().getSimpleName());
         this.tracker.send( MapBuilder.createAppView().build() );
     }
}

来源：https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/android/v3/migration

该文档介绍了从Google Analytics v2升级到v3所需的更改。升级到v3可提高应用性能和稳定性，同时还包含一些新功能。

10
在片段的onCreate()方法中，getActivity()将返回空值。跟踪器设置可能应该在onActivityCreated()方法中完成。 - Kyle Ivey
3
onStop() 或者 onPause() 怎么办？我们需要告诉 GA 屏幕不再处于活动状态，还是当另一个屏幕变为活动状态时它会自动知道？ - M.Sameer
我认为它应该知道。如果您查看下面的其他答案，它显示它们正在跟踪onStop返回到父屏幕，这可能是不必要的，因为该屏幕具有自己的跟踪。 - Eric Woodruff
2
这段代码会重复计算用户在“Fragment”上的停留时间。我建议在onActivityCreate中初始化Tracker(感谢@KyleIvey)。如果你的Fragment使用了 setRetainInstanceState(true)，那么我会更进一步地使用全局变量来避免在方向改变、切换应用等操作后发送MapBuilder。 - iamreptar
2
如果您在ViewPager中使用片段，则此方法（使用onResume）将生成错误的数据；无论个别片段是否可见，跟踪事件都会在活动加载时一次性触发，并且随着用户在片段之间来回移动，永远不会再次触发。不幸的是，使用setUserVisibileHint的建议解决方法在ViewPager之外不起作用，因此您通常必须针对每个片段应用解决方案。 - Nick
显示剩余3条评论
9
这是使用FragmentActivity和碎片的示例：

  1. Create XML file in value folder (values/analytics.xml):

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <!-- Replace placeholder ID with your tracking ID -->
    <string name="ga_trackingId">XX-xxxxxxxx-x</string>

    <!-- Enable Activity tracking -->
    <bool name="ga_autoActivityTracking">true</bool>

    <!-- Enable debug -->
    <bool name="ga_debug">true</bool>

    <!-- The screen names that will appear in your reporting -->
    <string name="com.example.myapp.FragmentActivity">Fragment activity</string>

    <!--
        The inverval of time after all the collected data
        should be sent to the server, in seconds.
    -->
    <integer name="ga_dispatchPeriod">20</integer>

</resources>

  2. In your FragmentActivity class, add this:

    @Override
protected void onStart() {
    super.onStart();
    EasyTracker.getInstance().setContext(this.getBaseContext());
    EasyTracker.getInstance().activityStart(this); // Add this method
}

@Override
protected void onStop() {
    super.onStop();
    EasyTracker.getInstance().activityStop(this); // Add this method
}

  3. Create new class in your package: TrackedFragment.java

    public class TrackedFragment extends Fragment {
    private Tracker tracker;
    private String activityId;
    private String fragmentId;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        EasyTracker.getInstance().setContext(getActivity().getApplicationContext());
        this.tracker = EasyTracker.getTracker();
        this.fragmentId = getClass().getSimpleName();
        this.activityId = getActivity().getClass().getSimpleName();
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        this.tracker.sendView("/" + this.activityId + "/" + this.fragmentId);
    }
}

  4. Finally, your fragment should extend from TrackedFragment like:

    public class NewFragment extends TrackedFragment {

    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.newfragment, null);
    }

}
1
旧API，Tiago的答案使用了更新的API。 - Taranfx
3

V3的另一种方法（因为onResume()与Activity而不是Fragment相关联）。当父/子关系已知时，这种方法非常有效。

父片段发送初始事件onStart()：

public class ParentFragment extends Fragment {
    private Tracker mTracker;

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

        mTracker = EasyTracker.getInstance(getActivity());
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();

        mTracker.set(Fields.SCREEN_NAME, "Parent Fragment");
        mTracker.send(MapBuilder.createAppView().build());
    }
}

子碎片覆盖了onStart()和onStop()：

public class ChildFragment extends Fragment {
    private Tracker mTracker;

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

        mTracker = EasyTracker.getInstance(getActivity());
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();

        mTracker.set(Fields.SCREEN_NAME, "Child Fragment");
        mTracker.send(MapBuilder.createAppView().build());
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();

        mTracker.set(Fields.SCREEN_NAME, "Parent Fragment");
        mTracker.send(MapBuilder.createAppView().build());
    }
}
3

跟踪方法部分建议您首先调用EasyTracker.getInstance().setContext(getActivity());，然后就可以在“其他类”中使用跟踪器。

手动屏幕跟踪部分建议您可以使用myTracker.sendView("Home Screen");来跟踪一个Fragment视图。

2

在新版Google Analytics v4中不能使用Tiago版本。相反，使用来自Google文档的此代码。

package com.google.android.apps.mobileplayground;

import com.google.android.apps.mobileplayground.AnalyticsSampleApp.TrackerName;
import com.google.android.gms.analytics.GoogleAnalytics;
import com.google.android.gms.analytics.HitBuilders;
import com.google.android.gms.analytics.Tracker;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;

/**
 * Class to exercise Event hits.
 */
public class EventFragment extends Fragment {

  @Override
  public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
      Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.event, container, false);

    setupEvent(view, R.id.video1Play, R.string.videoCategory, R.string.videoPlay, R.string.video1);
    setupEvent(view, R.id.video1Pause, R.string.videoCategory, R.string.videoPause,
        R.string.video1);
    setupEvent(view, R.id.video2Play, R.string.videoCategory, R.string.videoPlay, R.string.video2);
    setupEvent(view, R.id.video2Pause, R.string.videoCategory, R.string.videoPause,
        R.string.video2);

    setupEvent(view, R.id.book1View, R.string.bookCategory, R.string.bookView, R.string.book1);
    setupEvent(view, R.id.book1Share, R.string.bookCategory, R.string.bookShare, R.string.book1);

    final Button dispatchButton = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.eventDispatch);
    dispatchButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        // Manually start a dispatch (Unnecessary if the tracker has a dispatch interval)
        GoogleAnalytics.getInstance(getActivity().getApplicationContext()).dispatchLocalHits();
      }
    });
    return view;
  }

  private void setupEvent(View v, int buttonId, final int categoryId, final int actionId,
      final int labelId) {
    final Button pageviewButton = (Button) v.findViewById(buttonId);
    pageviewButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        // Get tracker.
        Tracker t = ((AnalyticsSampleApp) getActivity().getApplication()).getTracker(
            TrackerName.APP_TRACKER);
        // Build and send an Event.
        t.send(new HitBuilders.EventBuilder()
            .setCategory(getString(categoryId))
            .setAction(getString(actionId))
            .setLabel(getString(labelId))
            .build());
      }
    });
  }
}
1
使用Android Google Analytics V4
我尝试了这个方法，它有效。
参考这个链接：https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/android/v4/events。
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.util.Xml.Encoding;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.Blog.gkgyan.AnalyticsSampleApp.TrackerName;
import com.Blog.gkgyan.parser.RSSFeed;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.AdRequest;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.AdView;
import com.google.android.gms.analytics.GoogleAnalytics;
import com.google.android.gms.analytics.HitBuilders;
import com.google.android.gms.analytics.Tracker;
public class DetailFragment extends Fragment {
    private int fPos;
    RSSFeed fFeed;
    String country;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        fFeed = (RSSFeed)getArguments().getSerializable("feed");
        fPos = getArguments().getInt("pos");
        Tracker t = ((AnalyticsSampleApp) getActivity().getApplication()).getTracker(
                TrackerName.APP_TRACKER);
            // Build and send an Event.
            t.send(new HitBuilders.EventBuilder()
                .setCategory(fFeed.getItem(fPos).getTitle())
                .setAction("viewpager click")
                .setLabel("viewpager label")
                .build());
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.detail_fragment, container, false);
      // Initializr views
        TextView title = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.title);
        WebView desc = (WebView)view.findViewById(R.id.desc);
        // Enable the vertical fading edge (by default it is disabled)
        ScrollView sv = (ScrollView)view.findViewById(R.id.sv);
        sv.setVerticalFadingEdgeEnabled(true);

        // Set the views
        desc.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        title.setText(fFeed.getItem(fPos).getTitle());

        country = "<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><head><meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1\"><style type=\"text/css\">p{text-align:justify;font-size:125%;}</style></head><body>" + "<p>" + fFeed.getItem(fPos).getDescription()+"</p>"+"</body></html>";
        //desc.loadData( country, "text/html", "UTF-8");
        //desc.loadData( country,  "text/html; charset=utf-8", "utf-8");
        desc.loadData( URLEncoder.encode(country).replaceAll("\\+", " "), "text/html", Encoding.UTF_8.toString());
        return view;
      }
}
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