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Qt 3D C++ 动画

c++qtanimation3dqt3d
3

我最近开始尝试使用Qt Framework 3D模块。 然而，我无法找到任何好的C++动画示例，大多数都是在QML中。 我正在尝试使用从blender导入的动画（简单的立方体平移），使用Qt3d动画导出器blender插件。但是我不知道如何处理它。我尝试使用QAnimationClipLoader和QClipAnimator，但老实说，我基本上是盲目的。 有人能帮帮我吗？以防万一，我附加了我使用的代码。

#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QBoxLayout>

#include <Qt3DCore>
#include <Qt3DRender>
#include <Qt3DExtras>
#include <Qt3DAnimation>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);

//Container window and 3d view
Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow *view = new Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow();
view->defaultFrameGraph()->setClearColor(QColor(QRgb(0x4d4d4f)));
QWidget *container = QWidget::createWindowContainer(view);
QSize screenSize = view->screen()->size();
container->setMinimumSize(QSize(200, 100));
container->setMaximumSize(screenSize);

//Main widget
QWidget *widget = new QWidget;
QHBoxLayout *hLayout = new QHBoxLayout(widget);
QVBoxLayout *vLayout = new QVBoxLayout();
vLayout->setAlignment(Qt::AlignTop);
hLayout->addWidget(container, 1);
hLayout->addLayout(vLayout);

//To control input
Qt3DInput::QInputAspect *input = new Qt3DInput::QInputAspect;
view->registerAspect(input);

// Root entity
Qt3DCore::QEntity *rootEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity();

// Camera
Qt3DRender::QCamera *cameraEntity = view->camera();

cameraEntity->lens()->setPerspectiveProjection(45.0f, 16.0f/9.0f, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
cameraEntity->setPosition(QVector3D(0, 0, 20.0f));
cameraEntity->setUpVector(QVector3D(0, 1, 0));
cameraEntity->setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0));

//Light
Qt3DCore::QEntity *lightEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
Qt3DRender::QPointLight *light = new Qt3DRender::QPointLight(lightEntity);
light->setColor("white");
light->setIntensity(1);
lightEntity->addComponent(light);
Qt3DCore::QTransform *lightTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(lightEntity);
lightTransform->setTranslation(cameraEntity->position());
lightEntity->addComponent(lightTransform);

//Load mesh

Qt3DRender::QMesh *mesh = new Qt3DRender::QMesh();
mesh->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile("Data/Models/Wolf_One_obj.obj"));


Qt3DCore::QTransform *meshTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform();
meshTransform->setScale(5.f);
//meshTransform->setRotation(QQuaternion::fromAxisAndAngle(QVector3D(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), 45.0f));
meshTransform->setTranslation(QVector3D(-5.0f, 4.0f, -1.5));
Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial *wolfMaterial = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial();
wolfMaterial->setDiffuse(QColor(QRgb(0xa69929)));

Qt3DCore::QEntity *meshEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
meshEntity->addComponent(mesh);
meshEntity->addComponent(meshTransform);
meshEntity->addComponent(wolfMaterial);

// Sphere shape data
Qt3DExtras::QSphereMesh *sphereMesh = new Qt3DExtras::QSphereMesh();
sphereMesh->setRings(20);
sphereMesh->setSlices(20);
sphereMesh->setRadius(2);

// Sphere mesh transform
Qt3DCore::QTransform *sphereTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform();

sphereTransform->setScale(1.3f);
sphereTransform->setTranslation(QVector3D(-5.0f, -4.0f, 0.0f));

Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial *sphereMaterial = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial();
sphereMaterial->setDiffuse(QColor(QRgb(0xa69929)));

//Animation
Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationClipLoader* m_animationClipLoader = new Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationClipLoader(QUrl::fromLocalFile("Data/Animations/simplemove.json"));
Qt3DAnimation::QClipAnimator *m_animator = new Qt3DAnimation::QClipAnimator;
m_animator->setClip(m_animationClipLoader);
m_animator->setLoopCount(3);
m_animator->start();


// Sphere
Qt3DCore::QEntity* m_sphereEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
m_sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereMesh);
m_sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereMaterial);
m_sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereTransform);
m_sphereEntity->addComponent(m_animator);

// For camera controls
Qt3DExtras::QFirstPersonCameraController *camController = new Qt3DExtras::QFirstPersonCameraController(rootEntity);
camController->setCamera(cameraEntity);

// Set root object of the scene
view->setRootEntity(rootEntity);


widget->show();
widget->resize(1200, 800);

return a.exec();
}

嘿，我编辑了应用程序的代码。它仍然无法正常工作，但我进行了一些更改以尝试遵循文档。

#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QBoxLayout>


#include <Qt3DCore>
#include <Qt3DRender>
#include <Qt3DExtras>
#include <Qt3DAnimation>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    //Container window and 3d view
    Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow *view = new Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow();
    view->defaultFrameGraph()->setClearColor(QColor(QRgb(0x4d4d4f)));
    QWidget *container = QWidget::createWindowContainer(view);
    QSize screenSize = view->screen()->size();
    container->setMinimumSize(QSize(200, 100));
    container->setMaximumSize(screenSize);

    //Main widget
    QWidget *widget = new QWidget;
    QHBoxLayout *hLayout = new QHBoxLayout(widget);
    QVBoxLayout *vLayout = new QVBoxLayout();
    vLayout->setAlignment(Qt::AlignTop);
    hLayout->addWidget(container, 1);
    hLayout->addLayout(vLayout);

    //To control input
    Qt3DInput::QInputAspect *input = new Qt3DInput::QInputAspect;
    view->registerAspect(input);

    // Root entity
    Qt3DCore::QEntity *rootEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity();

    // Camera
    Qt3DRender::QCamera *cameraEntity = view->camera();

    cameraEntity->lens()->setPerspectiveProjection(45.0f, 16.0f/9.0f, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
    cameraEntity->setPosition(QVector3D(0, 0, 20.0f));
    cameraEntity->setUpVector(QVector3D(0, 1, 0));
    cameraEntity->setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0));

    //Light
    Qt3DCore::QEntity *lightEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
    Qt3DRender::QPointLight *light = new Qt3DRender::QPointLight(lightEntity);
    light->setColor("white");
    light->setIntensity(1);
    lightEntity->addComponent(light);
    Qt3DCore::QTransform *lightTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(lightEntity);
    lightTransform->setTranslation(cameraEntity->position());
    lightEntity->addComponent(lightTransform);

    //Load mesh

    Qt3DRender::QMesh *mesh = new Qt3DRender::QMesh();
    mesh->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile("Data/Models/Wolf_One_obj.obj"));


    Qt3DCore::QTransform *meshTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform();
    meshTransform->setScale(5.f);
    //meshTransform->setRotation(QQuaternion::fromAxisAndAngle(QVector3D(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), 45.0f));
    meshTransform->setTranslation(QVector3D(-5.0f, 4.0f, -1.5));
    Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial *wolfMaterial = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial();
    wolfMaterial->setDiffuse(QColor(QRgb(0xa69929)));

    Qt3DCore::QEntity *meshEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
    meshEntity->addComponent(mesh);
    meshEntity->addComponent(meshTransform);
    meshEntity->addComponent(wolfMaterial);

    // Sphere shape data
    Qt3DExtras::QSphereMesh *sphereMesh = new Qt3DExtras::QSphereMesh();
    sphereMesh->setRings(20);
    sphereMesh->setSlices(20);
    sphereMesh->setRadius(2);

    // Sphere mesh transform
    Qt3DCore::QTransform *sphereTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform();

    sphereTransform->setScale(1.3f);
    sphereTransform->setTranslation(QVector3D(-5.0f, -4.0f, 0.0f));

    Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial *sphereMaterial = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial();
    sphereMaterial->setDiffuse(QColor(QRgb(0xa69929)));

    //Animation
    Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationClipLoader* m_animationClipLoader = new Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationClipLoader;
    m_animationClipLoader->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile("Data/Animations/simplemove.json"));
    m_animationClipLoader->setEnabled(true);
    Qt3DAnimation::QClipAnimator *m_animator = new Qt3DAnimation::QClipAnimator;
    Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping *m_mapping = new Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping;
    m_mapping->setChannelName("Location");
    m_mapping->setTarget(sphereTransform);
    m_mapping->setProperty("translation");
    Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapper *m_channelMapper = new Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapper;
    m_channelMapper->addMapping(m_mapping);
    m_animator->setClip(m_animationClipLoader);
    m_animator->setLoopCount(3);
    m_animator->setChannelMapper(m_channelMapper);
    //m_animator->start();


    // Sphere
    Qt3DCore::QEntity* m_sphereEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
    m_sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereMesh);
    m_sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereMaterial);
    m_sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereTransform);
    m_sphereEntity->addComponent(m_animator);

    // For camera controls
    Qt3DExtras::QFirstPersonCameraController *camController = new Qt3DExtras::QFirstPersonCameraController(rootEntity);
    camController->setCamera(cameraEntity);

    // Set root object of the scene
    view->setRootEntity(rootEntity);
    //Qt3DRender::QObjectPicker *m_objectPicker = new Qt3DRender::QObjectPicker(rootEntity);
    //m_objectPicker->connect(m_objectPicker, SIGNAL(pressedChanged(bool)), m_animator, SLOT(setRunning(bool)));
    widget->show();
    m_animator->setEnabled(true);
    //m_animator->setRunning(true);
    bool test = m_animator->isEnabled();
    m_animator->start();
    widget->resize(1200, 800);

    return a.exec();
}

我也添加了生成的 .json 代码供参考

{
  "animations": [
    {
      "animationName": "CubeAction",
      "channels": [
        {
          "channelComponents": [
            {
              "channelComponentName": "Location X",
              "keyFrames": [
                {
                  "coords": [
                    0.0,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    -0.39041149616241455,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    0.39041149616241455,
                    0.0
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "coords": [
                    1.0,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    0.6095885038375854,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    1.4066786766052246,
                    0.0
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "coords": [
                    2.0416666666666665,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    1.6349879900614421,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    2.448345343271891,
                    0.0
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "channelComponentName": "Location Z",
              "keyFrames": [
                {
                  "coords": [
                    0.0,
                    -7.051087379455566
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    -0.39041149616241455,
                    -7.051087379455566
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    0.39041149616241455,
                    -7.051087379455566
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "coords": [
                    1.0,
                    -0.11975812911987305
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    0.6095885038375854,
                    -2.7274463176727295
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    1.4066786766052246,
                    2.596583843231201
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "coords": [
                    2.0416666666666665,
                    6.575384140014648
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    1.6349879900614421,
                    6.575384140014648
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    2.448345343271891,
                    6.575384140014648
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "channelComponentName": "Location Y",
              "keyFrames": [
                {
                  "coords": [
                    0.0,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    -0.39041149616241455,
                    0.0
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    0.39041149616241455,
                    0.0
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "coords": [
                    1.0,
                    3.835103988647461
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    0.6095885038375854,
                    3.835103988647461
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    1.4066786766052246,
                    3.835103988647461
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "coords": [
                    2.0416666666666665,
                    -0.025578022003173828
                  ],
                  "leftHandle": [
                    1.6349879900614421,
                    -0.025578022003173828
                  ],
                  "rightHandle": [
                    2.448345343271891,
                    -0.025578022003173828
                  ]
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "channelName": "Location"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
2个回答
1
根据（糟糕的）Qt3D 动画模块 的文档，您需要将一个 QChannelMapper 分配给 QClipAnimator 的 channelMapper 属性，以指定要使用动画的目标上的哪些键来进行动画处理。
您可以从此视频中了解其概念：

enter image description here

也许需要记住的是，如果你立即开始动画，则它会运行完所有循环。也许在显示3D视图后再开始它。但这当然不是主要问题。
我修改了代码并添加了原始帖子中所做的更改。但仍然无法正常工作。 - Lawliet Darujin
从外观上看，Qt3DWindow默认不会添加QAnimationAspect。因此，您可以尝试创建一个并将其注册到视图中。除此之外，您可以尝试使用此处的简单动画：https://doc.qt.io/qt-5.10/qt3d-simple-cpp-example.html，以检查动画是否正常工作。 - Florian Blume
0
我认为你应该在主函数中注册动画方面：
{
    Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow *view = new Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow();
...
    view->registerAspect(new Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationAspect());
...
}

我的代码可以正确运行：

    Qt3DCore::QEntity *createScene()
{
    // Root entity
    Qt3DCore::QEntity *rootEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity;

    //Load mesh

    Qt3DRender::QMesh *mesh = new Qt3DRender::QMesh(rootEntity);
    mesh->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile(":/res/egg/egg.obj"));

    Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial *wolfMaterial = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial(rootEntity);
    wolfMaterial->setDiffuse(QColor(QRgb(0xa69929)));

    Qt3DCore::QEntity *meshEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(rootEntity);
    meshEntity->addComponent(mesh);
    meshEntity->addComponent(wolfMaterial);

    Qt3DCore::QTransform *meshTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(rootEntity);

    //Animation
    auto *animator = new Qt3DAnimation::QClipAnimator(meshEntity);
    auto* clip = new Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationClipLoader(
                QUrl::fromLocalFile(":/res/jumpinganimation.json"), animator);

    animator->setClip( clip );


   Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping *m_mappingLocation = new Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping;
   m_mappingLocation->setChannelName("Location");
   m_mappingLocation->setTarget(meshTransform);
   m_mappingLocation->setProperty("translation");

   Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping *m_mappingRotation = new Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping;
   m_mappingRotation->setChannelName("Rotation");
   m_mappingRotation->setTarget(meshTransform);
   m_mappingRotation->setProperty("rotation");

   Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping *m_mappingScale = new Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapping;
   m_mappingScale->setChannelName("Scale");
   m_mappingScale->setTarget(meshTransform);
   m_mappingScale->setProperty("scale3D");

   Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapper *m_channelMapper = new Qt3DAnimation::QChannelMapper;
   m_channelMapper->addMapping(m_mappingLocation);
   m_channelMapper->addMapping(m_mappingRotation);
   m_channelMapper->addMapping(m_mappingScale);

   animator->setLoopCount(Qt3DAnimation::QAbstractClipAnimator::Infinite);
   animator->setChannelMapper(m_channelMapper);

   meshEntity->addComponent(meshTransform);
   animator->setRunning(true);
    return rootEntity;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);
    Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow view;

    Qt3DCore::QEntity *scene = createScene();

    // Camera
    Qt3DRender::QCamera *camera = view.camera();
    camera->lens()->setPerspectiveProjection(45.0f, 16.0f/9.0f, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
    camera->setPosition(QVector3D(0, 0, 40.0f));
    camera->setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0));

    // For camera controls
    Qt3DExtras::QOrbitCameraController *camController = new Qt3DExtras::QOrbitCameraController(scene);
    camController->setLinearSpeed( 50.0f );
    camController->setLookSpeed( 180.0f );
    camController->setCamera(camera);

    //point light 1
    Qt3DCore::QEntity *lightEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(scene);
    Qt3DRender::QPointLight *light = new Qt3DRender::QPointLight(lightEntity);
    light->setColor("white");
    light->setIntensity(1);
    lightEntity->addComponent(light);
    Qt3DCore::QTransform *lightTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(lightEntity);
    lightTransform->setTranslation(camera->position());
    lightEntity->addComponent(lightTransform);


    //point light 2
    Qt3DCore::QEntity *lightEntity2 = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(scene);
    Qt3DRender::QPointLight *light2 = new Qt3DRender::QPointLight(lightEntity2);
    light2->setColor("yellow");
    light2->setIntensity(1);
    lightEntity2->addComponent(light2);
    Qt3DCore::QTransform *lightTransform2 = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(lightEntity2);
    lightTransform2->setTranslation(QVector3D(5.0f, 5.0f, -3.0f));
    lightEntity2->addComponent(lightTransform2);

    view.setRootEntity(scene);
    view.registerAspect(new Qt3DAnimation::QAnimationAspect());
    view.show();

    return app.exec();
}
你知道如何使用C++访问网格骨架并手动进行动画吗？ - karamazovbros
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