我正在尝试在Ubuntu 11.10上安装IDEA。首先，我安装了openjdk-7-jdk。然后我按照说明尝试运行idea.sh文件。但是它报错：
ERROR: cannot start IntelliJ IDEA.
No JDK found to run IDEA. Please validate either IDEA_JDK, JDK_HOME or JAVA_HOME
environment variable points to valid JDK installation.
Press Enter to continue.
尝试使用echo打印这三个变量会将一个空行输出到屏幕上。我该如何设置这些变量的值并继续安装呢？谢谢。
更新:
建议在Linux上使用捆绑的JetBrains Runtime运行IntelliJ IDEA。目前，IntelliJ IDEA需要Java 8才能在此平台上运行。可以切换到系统或其他Java版本，请查看常见问题解答。
原始答案（已过时）：
建议在Linux上使用OpenJDK 1.7+或Oracle JDK来运行IntelliJ IDEA，由于已知的性能和视觉问题，严格不支持OpenJDK 1.6。
从IntelliJ IDEA 16开始，自定义JRE与Linux发行版捆绑。
棘手的部分是，Oracle JDK不再通过.deb包分发，您不能只使用apt-get或Ubuntu软件中心安装它。
他们的网站也很混乱，您可能会轻松下载JRE而不是JDK（这将无法正常工作，因为IntelliJ IDEA需要缺少tools.jar的JRE包）。
这是正确的URL用于JDK下载（版本1.6.0_29）。从此URL下载适当的.bin文件，例如如果需要32位Java，则为jdk-6u29-linux-i586.bin，如果需要64位版本，则为jdk-6u29-linux-x64.bin。
chmod +x jdk-6u29-linux-i586.bin
./jdk-6u29-linux-i586.bin
安装在当前目录中。
在bin/idea.sh文件的第二行添加以下内容：
export IDEA_JDK=/path/to/jdk1.6.0_29
通常位于/usr/lib/jvm/<YOUR_JDK>下。现在，在Oracle JDK 1.6.0_29下，IntelliJ IDEA应该可以正常启动。您可以在帮助|关于中进行验证。
我也遇到了一个问题……第一天所有的工作都没有问题，但是之后……
我解决了一个问题：在文件idea.sh中添加一行路径到JDK的代码IDEA_JDK="/opt/java/32/jdk1.6.0_45/"
在第46行之后添加。
您可以通过以下步骤设置JAVA_HOME变量并将其添加到您的PATH中。 以root身份打开/etc/bash.bashrc，并将以下内容添加到文件末尾。
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java
export JAVA_HOME
$ echo $JAVA_HOME
PATH与此完全无关，_无需_重新启动计算机--只需启动新的shell即可。在系统范围内的/etc/bash.bashrc中设置JAVA_HOME环境变量也有点粗糙--也许系统上的另一个用户想要使用不同的JRE。 - sarnoldecho $JAVA_HOME 可以工作了。然而，尝试运行 idea.sh 仍然失败并显示相同的错误。 - missingfaktor我曾多次遇到这个问题...
然后从终端运行：
$ idea projects-name;
或者2：进入IDEA_HOME/bin目录并从那里运行。
如果您已经安装了Java，请尝试以下操作：
type java
java is /usr/java/default/java
如果您需要编辑.bash_profile，请添加以下内容：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default
source .bash_profile
. 开头。个人建议如果你有root权限的话可以将其添加到 /etc/profile.d 中。 - Peter Lawreyuse these command to mv to jvm folder under /usr/lib/jvm
sudo mv -r ~/jdk-xx-version /usr/lib/jvm
use these commands to configure the JAVA_HOME
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-xx-version/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-xx-version/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-xx-version/bin/javaws" 1
：
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk
有时问题可能出在您正在运行的默认JAVA版本上。为此，请使用update-alternatives进行修改：
sudo update-alternatives --config java
$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
There are 2 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).
Selection Path Priority Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1071 auto mode
1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1071 manual mode
2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1069 manual mode
Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in manual mode
现在，Intellij IDEA 2016.3 运行良好。
这是针对开发人员的 Bash 脚本，可安装 IDEA，以便您可以通过 idea.sh 在 shell 中运行它。
此外，它还：
#!/bin/bash
#Author: Yucca Nel http://thejarbar.org
#Modify these variables as needed...
tempWork=/tmp/work
defaultStartScript=/etc/init.d/rc.local
defaultIDEA=11.0.1
locBin=/usr/local/bin
read -p "Please [Enter] full path name of your local startup script ($defaultStartScript is the default). Please
make sure on this before providing a value by consulting documentation for your system:" locStartScript
locStartScript=${locStartScript:-$defaultStartScript}
read -p "Please [Enter] IDEA Version ($defaultIDEA is default):" ideaVersion
ideaVersion=${ideaVersion:-$defaultIDEA}
if [ ! -f $locStartScript ]
then
echo "The file you provided could not be found. Remember to include the full path and try again. Exiting in 7 secs..."
sleep 7
exit 1
fi
mkdir -p /$tempWork
cd /$tempWork
sudo wget http://download-ln.jetbrains.com/idea/ideaIC-$ideaVersion.tar.gz;
tar -zxvf ./*;
#Move it to a better location...
mv ./idea-IC-* $HOME/;
sudo ln -f -s $HOME/idea-*/bin/* /usr/bin/;
#If you use VirtualBox , you can share your projects between Host and guest. Name of shared
#folder must match 'IdeaProjects'
mkdir -p $HOME/IdeaProjects
if [ -f /sbin/mount.vboxsf ]
then
sudo /sbin/umount $HOME/IdeaProjects
sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects
fi
if mountpoint -q ~/IdeaProjects
then
#Add it to the start script to automate process...
if ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" $locStartScript
then
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" | sudo tee -a $locStartScript
fi
sudo chmod +x $locStartScript
#Create a mount and unmount script file...
rm -rf $tempWork/*
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo "echo 'mounted IdeaProjects'" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo "exit 0" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/idea-umount.sh
echo "sudo umount $HOME/IdeaProjects" >> $tempWork/idea-umount.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted IdeaProjects'" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo 'exit 0' >> $tempWork/idea-umount.sh
#Script for mounting ALL VirtualBox shared solders....
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
#Otherwise if there is one, but no mount, add one...
elif ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects" $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
then
sudo sed -ie '$d' $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
fi
#Script for unmounting ALL VirtualBox shared folders...
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/umount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo umount -a -t vboxsf" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted all VirtualBox shared folders'" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
fi
sudo chmod +x $tempWork/*
sudo mv -f $tempWork/*.sh $locBin/
rm -rf $tempWork
fi
sudo rm -rf $tempWork
exit 0Arch Linux针对IntelliJ IDEA 2020的解决方案在这里： https://git.archlinux.org/svntogit/community.git/tree/trunk?h=packages/intellij-idea-community-edition
if [ -z "$IDEA_JDK" ] ; then
IDEA_JDK="/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk/"
fi
# open-jfx location that should match the JDK version
if [ -z "$IDEA_JFX" ] ; then
IDEA_JFX="/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjfx/"
fi
# classpath according to defined JDK/JFX
if [ -z "$IDEA_CLASSPATH" ] ; then
IDEA_CLASSPATH="${IDEA_JDK}/lib/*:${IDEA_JFX}/lib/*"
fi
exec env IDEA_JDK="$IDEA_JDK" IDEA_CLASSPATH="$IDEA_CLASSPATH" /usr/share/idea/bin/idea.sh "$@"
这可能不是原始问题的根本原因，但在搜索此错误时它是最常见的结果：
ERROR: cannot start IntelliJ IDEA.
No JDK found to run IDEA. Please validate either IDEA_JDK, JDK_HOME or JAVA_HOME
environment variable points to valid JDK installation.
% cat ~/.IntelliJIdea2019.2/config/idea.jdk
/home/username/.IntelliJIdea2019.2/config/jdks/jbrsdk-8u232-linux-x64-b1638.3
在我上面的例子中，它是jbrsdk-8u232-linux-x64-b1638.3，路径如上所示。将其临时导出为JAVA_HOME。
EXPORT JAVA_HOME=/home/username/.IntelliJIdea2019.2/config/jdks/jbrsdk-8u232-linux-x64-b1638.3
idea &。现在应该会弹出第一次运行对话框，以复制配置，而您无需再次导出变量。