SimpleCursorTreeAdapter 和 CursorLoader 用于 ExpandableListView

22

我正在尝试使用CursorLoaderSimpleCursorTreeAdapter异步查询提供程序。

这是我的Fragment类,它实现了CursorLoader

public class GroupsListFragment extends ExpandableListFragment implements
  LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks<Cursor> {

  private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();      

  private static final String[] CONTACTS_PROJECTION = new String[] {
    ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
    ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME };  

  private static final String[] GROUPS_SUMMARY_PROJECTION = new String[] {
    ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE, ContactsContract.Groups._ID,
    ContactsContract.Groups.SUMMARY_COUNT,
    ContactsContract.Groups.ACCOUNT_NAME,
    ContactsContract.Groups.ACCOUNT_TYPE,
    ContactsContract.Groups.DATA_SET };

  GroupsAdapter mAdapter;

  @Override
  public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

    populateContactList();

    getLoaderManager().initLoader(-1, null, this);
  } 

  public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
    // This is called when a new Loader needs to be created.
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onCreateLoader for loader_id " + id);
    CursorLoader cl;
    if (id != -1) {
      // child cursor
      Uri contactsUri = ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI;
      String selection = "(("
        + ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.DISPLAY_NAME
        + " NOTNULL) AND ("
        + ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER
        + "=1) AND ("
        + ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.DISPLAY_NAME
        + " != '') AND ("
        + ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.GROUP_ROW_ID
        + " = ? ))";
      String sortOrder = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.DISPLAY_NAME
        + " COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC";
      String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { String.valueOf(id) };

      cl = new CursorLoader(getActivity(), contactsUri,
        CONTACTS_PROJECTION, selection, selectionArgs, sortOrder);
    } else {
      // group cursor
      Uri groupsUri = ContactsContract.Groups.CONTENT_SUMMARY_URI;
      String selection = "((" + ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE
        + " NOTNULL) AND (" + ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE
        + " != '' ))";
      String sortOrder = ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE
        + " COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC";
      cl = new CursorLoader(getActivity(), groupsUri,
        GROUPS_SUMMARY_PROJECTION, selection, null, sortOrder);
    }

    return cl;
  }

  public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor data) {
    // Swap the new cursor in. 
    int id = loader.getId();
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLoadFinished() for loader_id " + id);
    if (id != -1) {
      // child cursor
      if (!data.isClosed()) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "data.getCount() " + data.getCount());
        try {
          mAdapter.setChildrenCursor(id, data);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
          Log.w("DEBUG","Adapter expired, try again on the next query: "
            + e.getMessage());
        }
      }
    } else {
      mAdapter.setGroupCursor(data);
    }

  }

  public void onLoaderReset(Loader<Cursor> loader) {
    // This is called when the last Cursor provided to onLoadFinished()
    // is about to be closed.
    int id = loader.getId();
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLoaderReset() for loader_id " + id);
    if (id != -1) {
      // child cursor
      try {
        mAdapter.setChildrenCursor(id, null);
      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        Log.w("TAG", "Adapter expired, try again on the next query: "
          + e.getMessage());
      }
    } else {
      mAdapter.setGroupCursor(null);
    }
  }

  /**
  * Populate the contact list
  */
  private void populateContactList() {
    // Set up our adapter
    mAdapter = new GroupsAdapter(getActivity(),this,
      android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,
      android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,
      new String[] { ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE }, // Name for group layouts
      new int[] { android.R.id.text1 },
      new String[] { ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME }, // Name for child layouts
      new int[] { android.R.id.text1 });

    setListAdapter(mAdapter);
  }
}

这是我的适配器,它是SimpleCursorTreeAdapter的子类。

public class GroupsAdapter extends SimpleCursorTreeAdapter {

  private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();

  private ContactManager mActivity;
  private GroupsListFragment mFragment;

  // Note that the constructor does not take a Cursor. This is done to avoid
  // querying the database on the main thread.
  public GroupsAdapter(Context context, GroupsListFragment glf,
    int groupLayout, int childLayout, String[] groupFrom,
    int[] groupTo, String[] childrenFrom, int[] childrenTo) {

    super(context, null, groupLayout, groupFrom, groupTo, childLayout,
      childrenFrom, childrenTo);
    mActivity = (ContactManager) context;
    mFragment = glf;
  }

  @Override
  protected Cursor getChildrenCursor(Cursor groupCursor) {
    // Given the group, we return a cursor for all the children within that group
    int groupId = groupCursor.getInt(groupCursor
      .getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Groups._ID));

    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "getChildrenCursor() for groupId " + groupId);

    Loader loader = mActivity.getLoaderManager().getLoader(groupId); 
    if ( loader != null && loader.isReset() ) { 
      mActivity.getLoaderManager().restartLoader(groupId, null, mFragment); 
    } else { 
      mActivity.getLoaderManager().initLoader(groupId, null, mFragment); 
    } 

  }

}
问题是,当我点击其中一个父级组时,有三种情况以似乎不一致的方式发生。
1) 要么该组打开并显示其下的子元素
2) 该组未打开,并且 setChildrenCursor() 调用引发了 NullPointerException 错误,在 try catch 块中捕获该错误
3) 该组未打开,但没有引发错误
以下是在展开组并显示其子元素的情况下的某些调试输出:
当所有组都显示时,它输出:
05-20 10:08:22.765: D/GroupsListFragment(22132): onCreateLoader for loader_id -1
05-20 10:08:23.613: D/GroupsListFragment(22132): onLoadFinished() for loader_id -1

-1是组光标的loader_id。

然后,如果我特定选择了一组(我们简称为组A),它输出:

05-20 23:22:31.140: D/GroupsAdapter(13844): getChildrenCursor() for groupId 67
05-20 23:22:31.140: D/GroupsListFragment(13844): onCreateLoader for loader_id 67
05-20 23:22:31.254: D/GroupsListFragment(13844): onLoadFinished() for loader_id 67
05-20 23:22:31.254: D/GroupsListFragment(13844): data.getCount() 4
05-20 23:22:31.254: W/GroupsListFragment(13844): Adapter expired, try again on the next query: null

当组不扩展且捕获到NullPointerException时,如果我选择另一个组(我们称其为B组),则输出:

05-20 23:25:38.089: D/GroupsAdapter(13844): getChildrenCursor() for groupId 3
05-20 23:25:38.089: D/GroupsListFragment(13844): onCreateLoader for loader_id 3
05-20 23:25:38.207: D/GroupsListFragment(13844): onLoadFinished() for loader_id 3
05-20 23:25:38.207: D/GroupsListFragment(13844): data.getCount() 6

这次,NullPointerException未被抛出。相反,组A被扩展,而不是组B。

有人能解释一下setChildrenCursor()调用所表现的行为吗?

我认为在onCreateLoader()中实例化组/子CursorLoaders存在问题。对于组CursorLoader,我只想选择我的手机中的所有组。子CursorLoader应包含组内的所有联系人。 有没有人知道问题可能是什么?

更新

感谢@Yam的建议,现在我已经修改了getChildrenCursor()方法。我现在选择groupCursor位置而不是ContactsContract.Groups._ID的值传递到initLoader()中。我还改变了逻辑,仅当loader不为null并且loader isReset为false时调用restartLoader()。

protected Cursor getChildrenCursor(Cursor groupCursor) {
  // Given the group, we return a cursor for all the children within that
  // group
  int groupPos = groupCursor.getPosition();
  Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "getChildrenCursor() for groupPos " + groupPos);

  Loader loader = mActivity.getLoaderManager().getLoader(groupPos);
  if (loader != null && !loader.isReset()) {
    mActivity.getLoaderManager().restartLoader(groupPos, null, mFragment);
  } else {
    mActivity.getLoaderManager().initLoader(groupPos, null, mFragment);
  }

  return null;
}

这样做确实更有意义,而且不会出现有时扩展组,有时不扩展组的不稳定行为。

但是,有些联系人显示在它们不属于的组下。还有一些组中有联系人,但不会显示任何联系人。因此,getChildrenCursor()的问题似乎已经得到解决。

但现在看来问题在于如何在onCreateLoader()方法中实例化CursorLoaders。子游标的CursorLoaderonCreateLoader()方法中返回时是否被错误地初始化?

更新

所以我已经确定了其中一个问题。如果我将groupId传递到getChildrenCursor()方法中,则在创建CursorLoader时,onCreateLoader()方法将获取正确的groupid参数进行查询。但是,在onLoadFinished()中,对setChildrenCursor()的调用将传递第一个参数而不是groupPosition的加载器id。我猜我必须在某个数据结构中将加载器id映射到组位置。但我不确定这是否是最好的方法。有没有人有什么建议?


我刚刚做了这个,但是没有使用CursorLoader,所以这就会让我困惑了...在我的实现中,getChildrenCursor返回一个游标。使用loadermanager时,那个游标/数据实际上去了哪里?如果你没有将游标馈送到构造函数中,那么作为groupCursor,传递给getChildrenCursor的是什么? - Barak
groupCursor已在LoaderManager的onLoadFinished()方法中设置。我使用调试器逐步执行了代码,在getChildenCursor()方法中,groupCursor始终被定义。 - Etienne Lawlor
我不知道,听起来你并不总是得到一个填充的childCursor... - Barak
你所说的“已填充的childCursor”是什么意思?我该如何检查这样的情况? - Etienne Lawlor
3个回答

16

我发现需要将加载器ID映射到组位置,这解决了我的问题:

这是我的实现了CursorLoaderFragment类:

public class GroupsListFragment extends ExpandableListFragment implements
  LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks<Cursor> {

  private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();      

  private static final String[] CONTACTS_PROJECTION = new String[] {
    ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
    ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME };  

  private static final String[] GROUPS_PROJECTION = new String[] {
    ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE, ContactsContract.Groups._ID };

  GroupsAdapter mAdapter;

  @Override
  public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

    populateContactList();

    // Prepare the loader. Either re-connect with an existing one,
    // or start a new one.
    Loader loader = getLoaderManager().getLoader(-1);
    if (loader != null && !loader.isReset()) {
      getLoaderManager().restartLoader(-1, null, this);
    } else {
      getLoaderManager().initLoader(-1, null, this);
    }
  } 

  public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
    // This is called when a new Loader needs to be created.
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onCreateLoader for loader_id " + id);
    CursorLoader cl;
    if (id != -1) {
      // child cursor
      Uri contactsUri = ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI;
      String selection = "((" + ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME
        + " NOTNULL) AND ("
        + ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER + "=1) AND ("
        + ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME + " != '') AND ("
        + ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.GROUP_ROW_ID
        + " = ? ))";
      String sortOrder = ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME
        + " COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC";
      String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { String.valueOf(id) };

      cl = new CursorLoader(getActivity(), contactsUri,
        CONTACTS_PROJECTION, selection, selectionArgs, sortOrder);
    } else {
      // group cursor
      Uri groupsUri = ContactsContract.Groups.CONTENT_URI;
      String selection = "((" + ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE
        + " NOTNULL) AND (" + ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE
        + " != '' ))";
      String sortOrder = ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE
        + " COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC";
      cl = new CursorLoader(getActivity(), groupsUri,
        GROUPS_PROJECTION, selection, null, sortOrder);
    }

    return cl;
  }

  public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor data) {
    // Swap the new cursor in. 
    int id = loader.getId();
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLoadFinished() for loader_id " + id);
    if (id != -1) {
      // child cursor
      if (!data.isClosed()) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "data.getCount() " + data.getCount());

        HashMap<Integer,Integer> groupMap = mAdapter.getGroupMap();
        try {
          int groupPos = groupMap.get(id);
          Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLoadFinished() for groupPos " + groupPos);
          mAdapter.setChildrenCursor(groupPos, data);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
          Log.w("DEBUG","Adapter expired, try again on the next query: "
            + e.getMessage());
        }
      }
    } else {
      mAdapter.setGroupCursor(data);
    }

  }

  public void onLoaderReset(Loader<Cursor> loader) {
    // This is called when the last Cursor provided to onLoadFinished()
    // is about to be closed.
    int id = loader.getId();
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLoaderReset() for loader_id " + id);
    if (id != -1) {
      // child cursor
      try {
        mAdapter.setChildrenCursor(id, null);
      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        Log.w("TAG", "Adapter expired, try again on the next query: "
          + e.getMessage());
      }
    } else {
      mAdapter.setGroupCursor(null);
    }
  }

  /**
  * Populate the contact list
  */
  private void populateContactList() {
    // Set up our adapter
    mAdapter = new GroupsAdapter(getActivity(),this,
      android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,
      android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,
      new String[] { ContactsContract.Groups.TITLE }, // Name for group layouts
      new int[] { android.R.id.text1 },
      new String[] { ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME }, // Name for child layouts
      new int[] { android.R.id.text1 });

    setListAdapter(mAdapter);
  }
}

这是我的适配器,它是SimpleCursorTreeAdapter的子类。

public class GroupsAdapter extends SimpleCursorTreeAdapter {

  private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();

  private ContactManager mActivity;
  private GroupsListFragment mFragment;

  protected final HashMap<Integer, Integer> mGroupMap;

  // Note that the constructor does not take a Cursor. This is done to avoid
  // querying the database on the main thread.
  public GroupsAdapter(Context context, GroupsListFragment glf,
    int groupLayout, int childLayout, String[] groupFrom,
    int[] groupTo, String[] childrenFrom, int[] childrenTo) {

    super(context, null, groupLayout, groupFrom, groupTo, childLayout,
      childrenFrom, childrenTo);
    mActivity = (ContactManager) context;
    mFragment = glf;
    mGroupMap = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
  }

  @Override
  protected Cursor getChildrenCursor(Cursor groupCursor) {
    // Given the group, we return a cursor for all the children within that group
    int groupPos = groupCursor.getPosition();
    int groupId = groupCursor.getInt(groupCursor
      .getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Groups._ID));
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "getChildrenCursor() for groupPos " + groupPos);
    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "getChildrenCursor() for groupId " + groupId);

    mGroupMap.put(groupId, groupPos);

    Loader loader = mActivity.getLoaderManager().getLoader(groupId); 
    if ( loader != null && !loader.isReset() ) { 
      mActivity.getLoaderManager().restartLoader(groupId, null, mFragment); 
    } else { 
      mActivity.getLoaderManager().initLoader(groupId, null, mFragment); 
    } 

    return null;    
  }

  //Accessor method
  public HashMap<Integer, Integer> getGroupMap() {
    return mGroupMap;
  }

}

2
注意,Android有一个SparseIntArray(请参见http://developer.android.com/reference/android/util/SparseIntArray.html),它比HashMap<Integer,Integer>更好用,并且具有相同的作用。 - Dandre Allison
1
根据这个分析:http://mobile.dzone.com/articles/tweaking-your-android 他们在哈希映射表中拥有的元素数量少于1,000时,可以获得类似的结果。 - Etienne Lawlor
1
根据两位Google工程师(Romain Guy和Dianne Hackborn)的说法,https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!starred/android-developers/G-ceop4xp48 他们建议使用SparseArrays而不是HashMaps。所以我会听从他们的建议。 - Etienne Lawlor
1
不错。我之前读过类似的东西,关键在于“基本类型的装箱/拆箱”,因为Integer是一个包装int的对象。SparseArrays只处理原始类型,因此没有装箱/拆箱,我认为这会导致更少的GC。 - Dandre Allison
1
重置方法应该是 mAdapter.setChildrenCursor(position, null); 而不是 mAdapter.setChildrenCursor(id, null); 吗? - Dimitar Vukman
显示剩余4条评论

2
在我的情况下,我使用initLoader(或restartLoader)的第一个参数来为回调提供组位置,并使用Bundle在getChildrenCursor中获取子数据。
像下面这样;
public class ExpandableListAdapter extends SimpleCursorTreeAdapter implements LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks<Cursor> {
    private Context mContext;
    private LoaderManager mManager;

    public ExpandableListAdapter(
            Context context, ExpandableListAdapterListener listener, LoaderManager manager, Cursor groupCursor,
            int groupLayout, String[] groupFrom, int[] groupTo,
            int childLayout, String[] childFrom, int[] childTo) {
        super(context, groupCursor, groupLayout, groupFrom, groupTo, childLayout, childFrom, childTo);
        mContext  = context;
        mManager  = manager;
    }
    @Override
    protected Cursor getChildrenCursor(Cursor groupCursor) {
        final long idGroup = groupCursor.getLong(groupCursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putLong("idGroup", idGroup);
        int groupPos = groupCursor.getPosition();
        if (mManager.getLoader(groupPos) != null && !mManager.getLoader(groupPos).isReset()) {
            mManager.restartLoader(groupPos, bundle, this);
        }
        else {
            mManager.initLoader(groupPos, bundle, this);
        }
        return null;
    }
    @Override
    public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int groupPos, Bundle bundle) {
        long idGroup = bundle.getLong("idGroup");
        return new CursorLoader(
                mContext,
                Provider.URI,
                new String[]{Table.ID, Table.ID_GROUP, Table.TITLE, Table.CONTEXT},
                Table.ID_GROUP + " = ?",
                new String[]{String.valueOf(idGroup)},
                Table.CREATED + " DESC"
        );
    }
    @Override
    public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor cursor) {
        setChildrenCursor(loader.getId(), cursor);
    }
    @Override
    public void onLoaderReset(Loader<Cursor> loader) {
    }
}

1
如果您需要重新启动加载器,这将无法工作,因为额外的内容仅在加载器构建时使用。 - Jeffrey Blattman

1

我在使用ExpandableListView时遇到了一些问题。它在不同的Android版本中的行为是不同的。如果你还没有深入研究,你可能需要考虑重新设计你的界面。

无论如何,针对你的问题,我建议你审查以下三个要点。

首先,在调用初始化子游标加载器时

mActivity.getLoaderManager().initLoader(groupId, null, mFragment); 

你传入的groupId是ContactsContract.Groups._ID的值。然后,在setChildrenCursor的第一个参数中使用此id。这很可能是错误的。 不要将groupId传递到initLoader中,尝试传递组游标位置。例如:

int iGroupPos = groupCursor.getPosition();
if ( loader != null && !loader.isReset())
    mActivity.getLoaderManager().restartLoader(iGroupPos, null, mFragment); 
else
    mActivity.getLoaderManager().initLoader(iGroupPos, null, mFragment); 

其次,您可以看到在我上面建议的代码中,当loader不为null且loader isReset为false时,您可能应该调用restartLoader。
第三,您需要为getChildrenCursor调用返回一个值,我认为这个值可能应该是null。

这绝对有道理,看起来更接近我想要的东西。但是我仍然遇到了问题,这些问题在上面的问题更新中提到了。 - Etienne Lawlor

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