如何在Python CSV写入器中将单引号替换为双引号？

Question

我是一名有用的助手，可以为您翻译文本。

我一直在尝试使用Python输出CSV文件。如果没有引号和数字，它可以正常工作。例如：

代码：

for n in G:
    centrality = nx.degree_centrality(G)
    betweeness = nx.betweenness_centrality(G)
    edges = nx.edges(G, n)
    csv_out.writerow([n, str(edges).replace("'",""), round(centrality[n],2), round(betweeness[n],2)])

输出：

24,"[(24, 31), (24, 64)]",0.02,0.04
25,"[(25, 77)]",0.01,0.0
26,"[(26, 49)]",0.01,0.0
27,"[(27, 75), (27, 79)]",0.02,0.02
20,"[(20, 9), (20, 84), (20, 40)]",0.03,0.03
21,"[(21, 77), (21, 64)]",0.02,0.02

我需要能够输入字符串数据。例如：

Automation Specialist I,"[(Automation Specialist I, Data Coordiator)]",0.01,0.0
Community Outreach Specialist,"[(Community Outreach Specialist, Librarian)]",0.01,0.0
Research Assistant III,"[(Research Assistant III, Senior Quality Engineer)]",0.01,0.0
Cost Accountant,"[(Cost Accountant, Structural Engineer)]",0.01,0.0
Data Coordiator,"[(Data Coordiator, Technical Writer), (Data Coordiator, Automation Specialist I)]",0.02,0.01

然而，为了在前端处理它，我需要一个带引号的值。就像这样：

Automation Specialist I,"[("Automation Specialist I", "Data Coordiator")]",0.01,0.0
Community Outreach Specialist,"[("Community Outreach Specialist", "Librarian")]",0.01,0.0
Research Assistant III,"[("Research Assistant III", "Senior Quality Engineer")]",0.01,0.0
Cost Accountant,"[("Cost Accountant", "Structural Engineer")]",0.01,0.0
Data Coordiator,"[("Data Coordiator", "Technical Writer"), ("Data Coordiator", "Automation Specialist I")]",0.02,0.01

于是我使用了以下代码：

csv_out.writerow([n, str(edges).replace("'",'"'), round(centrality[n],2), round(betweeness[n],2)])

然而，结果是这样的：

对于数字：

24,"[(""24"", ""31""), (""24"", ""64"")]",0.02,0.04
25,"[(""25"", ""77"")]",0.01,0.0
26,"[(""26"", ""49"")]",0.01,0.0

对于字符串：

Automation Specialist I,"[(""Automation Specialist I"", ""Data Coordiator"")]",0.01,0.0
Community Outreach Specialist,"[(""Community Outreach Specialist"", ""Librarian")]"",0.01,0.0

我还尝试将列表外的引号替换为撇号，但没有成功。我也尝试使用下面的代码，但结果与上面相同。

str(edges).replace("'",'"').replace('""','"')

为了得到想要的结果，我计划在之后过滤输入类型，只有当输入是字符串时才应用该技术。因为如果输入是数字，理想的输出是第一个例子。当我使用最后一个例子时，我的前端代码处理文本和数字。但是当我使用第一个例子时，它不适用于文本，只适用于数字。

请问你能帮我吗？ 如何将撇号替换为引号？ 非常感谢。

- Jaqueline Passos

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quotechar选项可以满足你的需求。你不应该试图自行修改CSV文件——虽然这种格式看起来很简单，但实际上要正确地操作却相当棘手。（‘csv_out’对象的定义是相关的，将其加入问题中对你会有好处。） - Amadan

你能展示一下不进行替换的文本是什么样子吗？我想看一下未格式化的文本长什么样子...此外，我对 str（edges）.replace（“'”，'“'）。replace（'""'，“”）感到困惑。为什么你既使用“'”又使用“”'”和“”“”？你为什么要使用不同的格式？ - Nefariis

写成"[(""自动化专家 I"", ""数据协调员"")]" 有什么问题吗？在原始CSV格式中，引号字符应该是双倍的。使用像Excel这样的良好CSV解析器读取此CSV将导致字符串[("Automation Specialist I", "Data Coordinator")]，这对于您的前端似乎是正确的。 - Stein

Answer 1

尝试用反斜杠转义双引号。例如：

str(edges).replace("'","\"")

- John

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这段代码与Jaqueline的代码完全相同，只是风格不同，而Python似乎更喜欢Jaqueline的风格：在Python提示符上输入"\""，Python将其回显为'"'。 - Stein

Answer 2

我最终使用了以下代码：

if(is_number(n) == True):
    edges_w = str(edges).replace("'","")
else:
    edges_w = str(edges).replace("'",'"')

我使用了一个函数来检查是否为数字，然后根据该函数的返回值替换字符串。我考虑了@Stein的评论，使用了这个解决方案。

- Jaqueline Passos

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如果字符串中间出现单引号 '，例如撇号，会怎么样？ - CKM