线条周围的缓冲区 ggplot2

Question

线条周围的缓冲区 ggplot2

7

我需要一个图表，它作为一年中的日期函数，在x和y轴上从0到100%进行推进（其中每个轴是一个单独的指标）。根据数据相对于一年中的日期的位置，我想展示这是好还是坏。简单地说，我可以像这样展示它：

。

因此，上面的图表显示我们处于良好的状态，因为“尖端”（最暗最大的点）超过了50％的标记（假设我们已经完成了50％的年度计划）。但我想在水平和垂直线周围添加渐变线以显示更多细节。以下是区域的说明（第一幅图是解释...第二幅图是我希望在ggplot中展示的方式...区域完全填满）。

这是我在ggplot中所做的：

我遇到的问题：

由于某种原因，垂直渐变不接受alpha参数
我无法分配两个不同的渐变，一旦定义了渐变，它就适用于垂直和水平渐变。
这看起来很糟糕。我应该采取更好的方法吗？

问题1-2可解决吗？如果有人有不使用geom_line的更好方法，请随时建议。

编辑：随着线条移动，渐变也会发生变化，因此静态背景在此处不起作用。

代码如下：

dff <- data.frame(x = 1:60+(runif(n = 60,-2,2)),
                  y = 1:60+(runif(n = 60,-2,2)),
                  z = 1:60)

dfgrad <- data.frame(static = c(rep(50,1000)), line = seq(0,100,length.out=100))

## To see the gradientlines thinner, change the size on the geom_line  to like 200

ggplot(dff,aes(x,y)) +
  geom_line(data = dfgrad, aes(x=static, y=line, color=line),size=1000,alpha=0.5) +
  geom_line(data = dfgrad, aes(x=line, y=static, color=line),size=1000,alpha=0.5) +
  scale_colour_gradientn( colours = c( "yellow", "darkgreen","darkred"),
                          breaks  = c( 0, 3, 100),
                          limits  = c( 0,100)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 50, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = 50, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_point(aes(alpha=dff$z,size= (dff$z))) +
  theme(legend.position="none") +
  scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0, 0)) + scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0))

最终编辑：提交的答案是正确的，但为了根据“今天”的行更改渐变，我不得不对其进行了一些修改...因此，我在这里粘贴它以防对任何人有用：

g1 <- colorRampPalette(c("darkgreen", "darkgreen","red"))(20) %>%
  alpha(0.3) %>% matrix(ncol=1) %>%  # up and down gradient
  rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)  # full-size (control it by ggplot2)

g2 <- colorRampPalette(c("yellow", "darkgreen","red"))(20) %>% 
  alpha(0.3) %>% matrix(nrow=1) %>%  # left and right gradient
  rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)

timeOfYear <- 5
maxx <- max(timeOfYear,(100-timeOfYear))

ggplot(dff,aes(x,y)) +
  annotation_custom(g1, xmin = timeOfYear-maxx, xmax = timeOfYear+maxx, ymin = timeOfYear-maxx, ymax = timeOfYear+maxx) +
  annotation_custom(g2, xmin = timeOfYear-maxx, xmax = timeOfYear+maxx, ymin = timeOfYear-maxx, ymax = timeOfYear+maxx) +
  # annotation_custom(g1, xmin = 35, xmax = 65, ymin = -3, ymax = 100) +
  # annotation_custom(g2, xmin = -3, xmax = 100, ymin = 35, ymax = 65) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = timeOfYear, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = timeOfYear, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_point(aes(alpha=dff$z,size= (dff$z))) +
  theme(legend.position="none") +
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 100), ylim = c(0, 100), expand = F)

- Amit Kohli

1个回答

网页内容由stack overflow 提供, 点击上面的

可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- cuttlefish44 · Accepted Answer

如果我是你，我会使用grid包制作矩形，并使用annotation_custom()将它们放在图表上。(你的问题.1是由于重叠造成的，尝试使用alpha=0.05)

以下是我的示例：

library(ggplot2); library(grid); library(dplyr)

g1 <- colorRampPalette(c("yellow", "darkgreen","darkred"))(20) %>%
  alpha(0.5) %>% matrix(ncol = 1) %>%   # up and down gradient
  rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)     # full-size (control it by ggplot2)

g2 <- colorRampPalette(c("cyan", "darkgreen","darkblue"))(20) %>% 
  alpha(0.5) %>% matrix(nrow = 1) %>%   # left and right gradient
  rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)

ggplot(dff,aes(x,y)) +
  annotation_custom(g1, xmin = 35, xmax = 65, ymin = -3, ymax = 100) + 
  annotation_custom(g2, xmin = -3, xmax = 100, ymin = 35, ymax = 65) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 50, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = 50, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_point(aes(alpha=dff$z,size= (dff$z))) +
  theme(legend.position="none") +
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(-3, 100), ylim = c(-3, 100), expand = F)

[编辑]

这是我采用的方法，保持每个时间点的梯度相同（参考了 @Amit Kohli 的代码）（左图为概念示意图）；

 # I added both limits colors as outside colors 
 # to avoid that graph becomes almost green when timeOfYear is about 50.
g1.2 <- c(rep("yellow", 5), colorRampPalette(c("yellow", "darkgreen","red"))(20), rep("red", 5)) %>%
  rev() %>% alpha(0.3) %>% matrix(ncol=1) %>% rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)

g2.2 <- c(rep("yellow", 5), colorRampPalette(c("yellow", "darkgreen","red"))(20), rep("red", 5)) %>%
  alpha(0.3) %>% matrix(nrow=1) %>% rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)

timeOfYear <- 5

ggplot(dff, aes(x, y)) +
  annotation_custom(g1.2, timeOfYear - 100, timeOfYear + 100, timeOfYear - 100, timeOfYear + 100) +
  annotation_custom(g2.2, timeOfYear - 100, timeOfYear + 100, timeOfYear - 100, timeOfYear + 100) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = timeOfYear, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = timeOfYear, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_point(aes(alpha=dff$z,size= (dff$z))) +
  theme(legend.position="none") +
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 100), ylim = c(0, 100), expand = F)

如果需要，SpaDES::divergentColors() 可以提供非对称范围的颜色向量（可能有一些包含类似功能的软件包）。

library(SpaDES)

timeOfYear <- 5

# ?divergentColors(start.color, end.color, min.value, max.value, mid.value = 0, mid.color = "white")    
   # It makes a vector of colors (length: max.value - min.value) 
   # and you can define mid.color's val (i.e., position)

g3 <- divergentColors("yellow", "red", 0, 100, timeOfYear, mid.color = "darkgreen") %>% 
  rev() %>% alpha(0.3) %>% matrix(ncol = 1) %>% rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)

g4 <- divergentColors("yellow", "red", 0, 100, timeOfYear, mid.color = "darkgreen") %>% 
  alpha(0.3) %>% matrix(nrow = 1) %>% rasterGrob(width = 1, height = 1)

ggplot(dff,aes(x,y)) +
  annotation_custom(g3, xmin = 0, xmax = 100, ymin = 0, ymax = 90) +
  annotation_custom(g4, xmin = 0, xmax = 90, ymin = 0, ymax = 100) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = timeOfYear, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = timeOfYear, linetype="dashed") +
  geom_point(aes(alpha=dff$z,size= (dff$z))) +
  theme(legend.position="none") +
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 100), ylim = c(0, 100), expand = F)