我正在使用Java程序为我的数据库中的人生成随机出生日期。 我该如何实现呢?
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
public class RandomDateOfBirth {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GregorianCalendar gc = new GregorianCalendar();
int year = randBetween(1900, 2010);
gc.set(gc.YEAR, year);
int dayOfYear = randBetween(1, gc.getActualMaximum(gc.DAY_OF_YEAR));
gc.set(gc.DAY_OF_YEAR, dayOfYear);
System.out.println(gc.get(gc.YEAR) + "-" + (gc.get(gc.MONTH) + 1) + "-" + gc.get(gc.DAY_OF_MONTH));
}
public static int randBetween(int start, int end) {
return start + (int)Math.round(Math.random() * (end - start));
}
}
Calendar
类(Calendar.YEAR
,Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR
)使用访问常量,而不是通过实例gc
。 - mareckmareck(gc.get(gc.MONTH)+1)
。 - Mazejava.util.Date
有一个接受自纪元以来的毫秒数的构造函数,而java.util.Random
有一个方法可以给你一个随机的毫秒数。根据你想要的出生日期范围设置随机值的范围,但这些就足够了。
大致上来说:
Random rnd;
Date dt;
long ms;
// Get a new random instance, seeded from the clock
rnd = new Random();
// Get an Epoch value roughly between 1940 and 2010
// -946771200000L = January 1, 1940
// Add up to 70 years to it (using modulus on the next long)
ms = -946771200000L + (Math.abs(rnd.nextLong()) % (70L * 365 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000));
// Construct a date
dt = new Date(ms);
RandomUtils.nextLong(0, 70L * 365 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
。 - AlissaJava 8解决方案的示例代码:
Random random = new Random();
int minDay = (int) LocalDate.of(1900, 1, 1).toEpochDay();
int maxDay = (int) LocalDate.of(2015, 1, 1).toEpochDay();
long randomDay = minDay + random.nextInt(maxDay - minDay);
LocalDate randomBirthDate = LocalDate.ofEpochDay(randomDay);
System.out.println(randomBirthDate);
注意:这会生成一个在1Jan1900(包含)和1Jan2015(不包含)之间的随机日期。
注意:它基于时代日,即相对于1Jan1970(EPOCH)的天数 - 正数表示EPOCH之后,负数表示EPOCH之前。
您还可以创建一个小实用程序类:
public class RandomDate {
private final LocalDate minDate;
private final LocalDate maxDate;
private final Random random;
public RandomDate(LocalDate minDate, LocalDate maxDate) {
this.minDate = minDate;
this.maxDate = maxDate;
this.random = new Random();
}
public LocalDate nextDate() {
int minDay = (int) minDate.toEpochDay();
int maxDay = (int) maxDate.toEpochDay();
long randomDay = minDay + random.nextInt(maxDay - minDay);
return LocalDate.ofEpochDay(randomDay);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "RandomDate{" +
"maxDate=" + maxDate +
", minDate=" + minDate +
'}';
}
}
并且像这样使用它:
RandomDate rd = new RandomDate(LocalDate.of(1900, 1, 1), LocalDate.of(2010, 1, 1));
System.out.println(rd.nextDate());
System.out.println(rd.nextDate()); // birthdays ad infinitum
你需要定义一个随机日期,对吗?
一种简单的方法是生成一个新的Date
对象,使用一个long
(自1970年1月1日以来的毫秒数)并减去一个随机的long
:
new Date(Math.abs(System.currentTimeMillis() - RandomUtils.nextLong()));
RandomUtils是从Apache Commons Lang中获取的。
当然,这远远不是一个真正的随机日期(例如,您不会得到1970年之前的日期),但我认为这已经足够满足您的需求了。
否则,您可以使用Calendar
类创建自己的日期:
int year = // generate a year between 1900 and 2010;
int dayOfYear = // generate a number between 1 and 365 (or 366 if you need to handle leap year);
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, randomYear);
calendar.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, dayOfYear);
Date randomDoB = calendar.getTime();
new Date(Math.abs(System.currentTimeMillis() - RandomUtils.nextLong()));
时,它显示该方法已被弃用。然而我无法在其他地方找到相应的替代方法。 - Ren对于Java8 -> 假设出生日期必须在当前日期之前:
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.Period;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomDate {
public static LocalDate randomBirthday() {
return LocalDate.now().minus(Period.ofDays((new Random().nextInt(365 * 70))));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("randomDate: " + randomBirthday());
}
}
MockNeat mock = MockNeat.threadLocal();
// Generates a random date between [1970-1-1, NOW)
LocalDate localDate = mock.localDates().val();
System.out.println(localDate);
// Generates a random date in the past
// but beore 1987-1-30
LocalDate min = LocalDate.of(1987, 1, 30);
LocalDate past = mock.localDates().past(min).val();
System.out.println(past);
LocalDate max = LocalDate.of(2020, 1, 1);
LocalDate future = mock.localDates().future(max).val();
System.out.println(future);
// Generates a random date between 1989-1-1 and 1993-1-1
LocalDate start = LocalDate.of(1989, 1, 1);
LocalDate stop = LocalDate.of(1993, 1, 1);
LocalDate between = mock.localDates().between(start, stop).val();
System.out.println(between);
public class Person {
@DateValue( from = "01 Jan 1990",to = "31 Dec 2002" , customFormat = "dd MMM yyyy")
String dateOfBirth;
}
//Generate random 100 Person(Model Class) object
Generator<Person> generator = new Generator<>(Person.class);
List<Person> persons = generator.generate(100);
由于许多内置的数据生成器可通过注释访问,您还可以构建自定义数据生成器。我建议您阅读库页面上提供的文档。
public static void main(String[] args) {
Date now = new Date();
long sixMonthsAgo = (now.getTime() - 15552000000l);
long today = now.getTime();
for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
long ms = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(sixMonthsAgo, today);
Date date = new Date(ms);
System.out.println(date.toString());
}
}
import java.util.Calendar;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println(randomDOB());
}
}
public static String randomDOB() {
int yyyy = random(1900, 2013);
int mm = random(1, 12);
int dd = 0; // will set it later depending on year and month
switch(mm) {
case 2:
if (isLeapYear(yyyy)) {
dd = random(1, 29);
} else {
dd = random(1, 28);
}
break;
case 1:
case 3:
case 5:
case 7:
case 8:
case 10:
case 12:
dd = random(1, 31);
break;
default:
dd = random(1, 30);
break;
}
String year = Integer.toString(yyyy);
String month = Integer.toString(mm);
String day = Integer.toString(dd);
if (mm < 10) {
month = "0" + mm;
}
if (dd < 10) {
day = "0" + dd;
}
return day + '/' + month + '/' + year;
}
public static int random(int lowerBound, int upperBound) {
return (lowerBound + (int) Math.round(Math.random()
* (upperBound - lowerBound)));
}
public static boolean isLeapYear(int year) {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, year);
int noOfDays = calendar.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
if (noOfDays > 365) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
看看这个方法:
public static Date dateRandom(int initialYear, int lastYear) {
if (initialYear > lastYear) {
int year = lastYear;
lastYear = initialYear;
initialYear = year;
}
Calendar cInitialYear = Calendar.getInstance();
cInitialYear.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2015);
long offset = cInitialYear.getTimeInMillis();
Calendar cLastYear = Calendar.getInstance();
cLastYear.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2016);
long end = cLastYear.getTimeInMillis();
long diff = end - offset + 1;
Timestamp timestamp = new Timestamp(offset + (long) (Math.random() * diff));
return new Date(timestamp.getTime());
}