ASP MVC - 默认的内容类型有哪些常量？

Question

在框架中是否存在一组常量，适用于所有标准内容类型？

- Luke Puplett

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可以（针对常见类型）- 请看Jon的回答。查看System.Net.Mime.MediaTypes。 - Gary McGill

Gary所提到的有一个小修正。它是System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames。 - RBT

相关帖子 - HTTP“Content-Type”头部的所有可能值是什么？ - RBT

Answer 1

看作一个完全的拒绝，我自己写了。这就是星期天应该做的事情。

///<summary>Used to denote the encoding necessary for files containing JavaScript source code. The alternative MIME type for this file type is text/javascript.</summary>
public const string ApplicationXJavascript = "application/x-javascript";

///<summary>24bit Linear PCM audio at 8-48kHz, 1-N channels; Defined in RFC 3190</summary>
public const string AudioL24 = "audio/L24";

///<summary>Adobe Flash files for example with the extension .swf</summary>
public const string ApplicationXShockwaveFlash = "application/x-shockwave-flash";

///<summary>Arbitrary binary data.[5] Generally speaking this type identifies files that are not associated with a specific application. Contrary to past assumptions by software packages such as Apache this is not a type that should be applied to unknown files. In such a case, a server or application should not indicate a content type, as it may be incorrect, but rather, should omit the type in order to allow the recipient to guess the type.[6]</summary>
public const string ApplicationOctetStream = "application/octet-stream";

///<summary>Atom feeds</summary>
public const string ApplicationAtomXml = "application/atom+xml";

///<summary>Cascading Style Sheets; Defined in RFC 2318</summary>
public const string TextCss = "text/css";

///<summary>commands; subtype resident in Gecko browsers like Firefox 3.5</summary>
public const string TextCmd = "text/cmd";

///<summary>Comma-separated values; Defined in RFC 4180</summary>
public const string TextCsv = "text/csv";

///<summary>deb (file format), a software package format used by the Debian project</summary>
public const string ApplicationXDeb = "application/x-deb";

///<summary>Defined in RFC 1847</summary>
public const string MultipartEncrypted = "multipart/encrypted";

///<summary>Defined in RFC 1847</summary>
public const string MultipartSigned = "multipart/signed";

///<summary>Defined in RFC 2616</summary>
public const string MessageHttp = "message/http";

///<summary>Defined in RFC 4735</summary>
public const string ModelExample = "model/example";

///<summary>device-independent document in DVI format</summary>
public const string ApplicationXDvi = "application/x-dvi";

///<summary>DTD files; Defined by RFC 3023</summary>
public const string ApplicationXmlDtd = "application/xml-dtd";

///<summary>ECMAScript/JavaScript; Defined in RFC 4329 (equivalent to application/ecmascript but with looser processing rules) It is not accepted in IE 8 or earlier - text/javascript is accepted but it is defined as obsolete in RFC 4329. The "type" attribute of the <script> tag in HTML5 is optional and in practice omitting the media type of JavaScript programs is the most interoperable solution since all browsers have always assumed the correct default even before HTML5.</summary>
public const string ApplicationJavascript = "application/javascript";

///<summary>ECMAScript/JavaScript; Defined in RFC 4329 (equivalent to application/javascript but with stricter processing rules)</summary>
public const string ApplicationEcmascript = "application/ecmascript";

///<summary>EDI EDIFACT data; Defined in RFC 1767</summary>
public const string ApplicationEdifact = "application/EDIFACT";

///<summary>EDI X12 data; Defined in RFC 1767</summary>
public const string ApplicationEdiX12 = "application/EDI-X12";

///<summary>Email; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string MessagePartial = "message/partial";

///<summary>Email; EML files, MIME files, MHT files, MHTML files; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string MessageRfc822 = "message/rfc822";

///<summary>Extensible Markup Language; Defined in RFC 3023</summary>
public const string TextXml = "text/xml";

///<summary>Extensible Markup Language; Defined in RFC 3023</summary>
public const string ApplicationXml = "application/xml";

///<summary>Flash video (FLV files)</summary>
public const string VideoXFlv = "video/x-flv";

///<summary>GIF image; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string ImageGif = "image/gif";

///<summary>GoogleWebToolkit data</summary>
public const string TextXGwtRpc = "text/x-gwt-rpc";

///<summary>Gzip</summary>
public const string ApplicationXGzip = "application/x-gzip";

///<summary>HTML; Defined in RFC 2854</summary>
public const string TextHtml = "text/html";

///<summary>ICO image; Registered[9]</summary>
public const string ImageVndMicrosoftIcon = "image/vnd.microsoft.icon";

///<summary>IGS files, IGES files; Defined in RFC 2077</summary>
public const string ModelIges = "model/iges";

///<summary>IMDN Instant Message Disposition Notification; Defined in RFC 5438</summary>
public const string MessageImdnXml = "message/imdn+xml";

///<summary>JavaScript Object Notation JSON; Defined in RFC 4627</summary>
public const string ApplicationJson = "application/json";

///<summary>JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Patch; Defined in RFC 6902</summary>
public const string ApplicationJsonPatch = "application/json-patch+json";

///<summary>JavaScript - Defined in and obsoleted by RFC 4329 in order to discourage its usage in favor of application/javascript. However,text/javascript is allowed in HTML 4 and 5 and, unlike application/javascript, has cross-browser support. The "type" attribute of the <script> tag in HTML5 is optional and there is no need to use it at all since all browsers have always assumed the correct default (even in HTML 4 where it was required by the specification).</summary>
[Obsolete]
public const string TextJavascript = "text/javascript";

///<summary>JPEG JFIF image; Associated with Internet Explorer; Listed in ms775147(v=vs.85) - Progressive JPEG, initiated before global browser support for progressive JPEGs (Microsoft and Firefox).</summary>
public const string ImagePjpeg = "image/pjpeg";

///<summary>JPEG JFIF image; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string ImageJpeg = "image/jpeg";

///<summary>jQuery template data</summary>
public const string TextXJqueryTmpl = "text/x-jquery-tmpl";

///<summary>KML files (e.g. for Google Earth)</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndGoogleEarthKmlXml = "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml";

///<summary>LaTeX files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXLatex = "application/x-latex";

///<summary>Matroska open media format</summary>
public const string VideoXMatroska = "video/x-matroska";

///<summary>Microsoft Excel 2007 files</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOpenxmlformatsOfficedocumentSpreadsheetmlSheet = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";

///<summary>Microsoft Excel files</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndMsExcel = "application/vnd.ms-excel";

///<summary>Microsoft Powerpoint 2007 files</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOpenxmlformatsOfficedocumentPresentationmlPresentation = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation";

///<summary>Microsoft Powerpoint files</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndMsPowerpoint = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";

///<summary>Microsoft Word 2007 files</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOpenxmlformatsOfficedocumentWordprocessingmlDocument = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document";

///<summary>Microsoft Word files[15]</summary>
public const string ApplicationMsword = "application/msword";

///<summary>MIME Email; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string MultipartAlternative = "multipart/alternative";

///<summary>MIME Email; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string MultipartMixed = "multipart/mixed";

///<summary>MIME Email; Defined in RFC 2387 and used by MHTML (HTML mail)</summary>
public const string MultipartRelated = "multipart/related";

///<summary>MIME Webform; Defined in RFC 2388</summary>
public const string MultipartFormData = "multipart/form-data";

/// <summary>Body contains a URL-encoded query string as per RFC 1867</summary>
public const string ApplicationWwwFormUrlEncoded = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

///<summary>Mozilla XUL files</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndMozillaXulXml = "application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml";

///<summary>MP3 or other MPEG audio; Defined in RFC 3003</summary>
public const string AudioMpeg = "audio/mpeg";

///<summary>MP4 audio</summary>
public const string AudioMp4 = "audio/mp4";

///<summary>MP4 video; Defined in RFC 4337</summary>
public const string VideoMp4 = "video/mp4";

///<summary>MPEG-1 video with multiplexed audio; Defined in RFC 2045 and RFC 2046</summary>
public const string VideoMpeg = "video/mpeg";

///<summary>MSH files, MESH files; Defined in RFC 2077, SILO files</summary>
public const string ModelMesh = "model/mesh";

///<summary>mulaw audio at 8 kHz, 1 channel; Defined in RFC 2046</summary>
public const string AudioBasic = "audio/basic";

///<summary>Ogg Theora or other video (with audio); Defined in RFC 5334</summary>
public const string VideoOgg = "video/ogg";

///<summary>Ogg Vorbis, Speex, Flac and other audio; Defined in RFC 5334</summary>
public const string AudioOgg = "audio/ogg";

///<summary>Ogg, a multimedia bitstream container format; Defined in RFC 5334</summary>
public const string ApplicationOgg = "application/ogg";

///<summary>OP</summary>
public const string ApplicationXopXml = "application/xop+xml";

///<summary>OpenDocument Graphics; Registered[14]</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOasisOpendocumentGraphics = "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics";

///<summary>OpenDocument Presentation; Registered[13]</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOasisOpendocumentPresentation = "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation";

///<summary>OpenDocument Spreadsheet; Registered[12]</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOasisOpendocumentSpreadsheet = "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet";

///<summary>OpenDocument Text; Registered[11]</summary>
public const string ApplicationVndOasisOpendocumentText = "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text";

///<summary>p12 files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXPkcs12 = "application/x-pkcs12";

///<summary>p7b and spc files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXPkcs7Certificates = "application/x-pkcs7-certificates";

///<summary>p7c files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXPkcs7Mime = "application/x-pkcs7-mime";

///<summary>p7r files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXPkcs7Certreqresp = "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp";

///<summary>p7s files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXPkcs7Signature = "application/x-pkcs7-signature";

///<summary>Portable Document Format, PDF has been in use for document exchange on the Internet since 1993; Defined in RFC 3778</summary>
public const string ApplicationPdf = "application/pdf";

///<summary>Portable Network Graphics; Registered,[8] Defined in RFC 2083</summary>
public const string ImagePng = "image/png";

///<summary>PostScript; Defined in RFC 2046</summary>
public const string ApplicationPostscript = "application/postscript";

///<summary>QuickTime video; Registered[10]</summary>
public const string VideoQuicktime = "video/quicktime";

///<summary>RAR archive files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXRarCompressed = "application/x-rar-compressed";

///<summary>RealAudio; Documented in RealPlayer Customer Support Answer 2559</summary>
public const string AudioVndRnRealaudio = "audio/vnd.rn-realaudio";

///<summary>Resource Description Framework; Defined by RFC 3870</summary>
public const string ApplicationRdfXml = "application/rdf+xml";

///<summary>RSS feeds</summary>
public const string ApplicationRssXml = "application/rss+xml";

///<summary>SOAP; Defined by RFC 3902</summary>
public const string ApplicationSoapXml = "application/soap+xml";

///<summary>StuffIt archive files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXStuffit = "application/x-stuffit";

///<summary>SVG vector image; Defined in SVG Tiny 1.2 Specification Appendix M</summary>
public const string ImageSvgXml = "image/svg+xml";

///<summary>Tag Image File Format (only for Baseline TIFF); Defined in RFC 3302</summary>
public const string ImageTiff = "image/tiff";

///<summary>Tarball files</summary>
public const string ApplicationXTar = "application/x-tar";

///<summary>Textual data; Defined in RFC 2046 and RFC 3676</summary>
public const string TextPlain = "text/plain";

///<summary>TrueType Font No registered MIME type, but this is the most commonly used</summary>
public const string ApplicationXFontTtf = "application/x-font-ttf";

///<summary>vCard (contact information); Defined in RFC 6350</summary>
public const string TextVcard = "text/vcard";

///<summary>Vorbis encoded audio; Defined in RFC 5215</summary>
public const string AudioVorbis = "audio/vorbis";

///<summary>WAV audio; Defined in RFC 2361</summary>
public const string AudioVndWave = "audio/vnd.wave";

///<summary>Web Open Font Format; (candidate recommendation; use application/x-font-woff until standard is official)</summary>
public const string ApplicationFontWoff = "application/font-woff";

///<summary>WebM Matroska-based open media format</summary>
public const string VideoWebm = "video/webm";

///<summary>WebM open media format</summary>
public const string AudioWebm = "audio/webm";

///<summary>Windows Media Audio Redirector; Documented in Microsoft help page</summary>
public const string AudioXMsWax = "audio/x-ms-wax";

///<summary>Windows Media Audio; Documented in Microsoft KB 288102</summary>
public const string AudioXMsWma = "audio/x-ms-wma";

///<summary>Windows Media Video; Documented in Microsoft KB 288102</summary>
public const string VideoXMsWmv = "video/x-ms-wmv";

///<summary>WRL files, VRML files; Defined in RFC 2077</summary>
public const string ModelVrml = "model/vrml";

///<summary>X3D ISO standard for representing 3D computer graphics, X3D XML files</summary>
public const string ModelX3DXml = "model/x3d+xml";

///<summary>X3D ISO standard for representing 3D computer graphics, X3DB binary files</summary>
public const string ModelX3DBinary = "model/x3d+binary";

///<summary>X3D ISO standard for representing 3D computer graphics, X3DV VRML files</summary>
public const string ModelX3DVrml = "model/x3d+vrml";

///<summary>XHTML; Defined by RFC 3236</summary>
public const string ApplicationXhtmlXml = "application/xhtml+xml";

///<summary>ZIP archive files; Registered[7]</summary>
public const string ApplicationZip = "application/zip";

更新

今天发现了这个非常好的资源。

https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml

2020年3月22日更新 正如Jon和James White在评论中提到的，您可以检查：

System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames

- Luke Puplett

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这个列表似乎有点过时了，没有application/xml。你可以在维基百科上找到相当大的列表，网址为https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_media_type。 - Muhammad Rehan Saeed

对于常见类型，没有必要自己编写。请参考Jon的答案。 - Gary McGill

@LukePuplett 是的，我基于Jon的答案进行了评论和投票，因为他的回答似乎更正确，但被你的回答掩盖了。然后我尝试使用Jon建议的方法，只发现它仅涵盖了一小部分类型。所以我修改了我的评论。由于SO规则，我不能在两天内将我的反对票改为赞成票，但我会在可以时这样做。虽然我可能会因为你称呼我为“酷妹”而再次投反对票 :-) - Gary McGill

那个踩票的有趣之处在于Gary没有真正理解问题和解决方案就轻率地发表了意见。在SO上潜伏着很多这样的人。 - Nicholas

说实话，他回来后变得更加诚实、谦逊（并带有幽默感），这正是我们需要更多的。 - Luke Puplett

Answer 2

您可以使用以下内容：

• System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application （应用程序）
• System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image （图像）
• System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text （文本）

例如：System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image.Gif 等同于 "image/gif"。

- Jon

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没有application/json，这正是我寻找的。 - ToastyMallows

他们计划添加它。请投票! - Shimmy Weitzhandler

他们添加了它，MediaTypeNames.Application.Json。 - James White

很遗憾，没有xlsx（application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet）的条目。 - Ryan Thomas

多部分数据怎么办？ - anatol

Answer 3

这是.NET Framework基类库（BCL）中默认内容类型常量的完整列表。您需要在项目中添加对System.Net.Http.dll的引用才能使用这些常量。

1. application/octet-stream的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet
2. application/pdf的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Pdf
3. application/rtf的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Rtf
4. application/soap+xml的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Soap
5. application/zip的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Zip
6. image/gif的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image.Gif
7. image/jpeg的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image.Jpeg
8. image/tiff的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image.Tiff
9. text/html的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text.Html
10. text/plain的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain
11. text/richtext的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text.RichText
12. text/xml的System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text.Xml

更新[2021年8月12日]：

现在在System.Net.Mime命名空间中提供了一组新的常量。该命名空间是System.Net.Mail.dll的一部分，该DLL默认情况下在创建针对.NET v5的新项目时被引用。该DLL是.NET v5（之前是.NET Core v5）版本的一部分。

1. MediaTypeNames.Application.Json
2. MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet
3. MediaTypeNames.Application.Pdf
4. MediaTypeNames.Application.Rtf
5. MediaTypeNames.Application.Soap
6. MediaTypeNames.Application.Xml
7. MediaTypeNames.Application.Zip
8. MediaTypeNames.Image.Gif
9. MediaTypeNames.Image.Jpeg
10. MediaTypeNames.Image.Tiff
11. MediaTypeNames.Text.Html
12. MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain
13. MediaTypeNames.Text.RichText
14. MediaTypeNames.Text.Xml

注意：.NET v5不是.NET Framework的新版本。相反，它是继承.NET Core v3.1之后的下一个主要版本的.NET。.NET是.NET Core的新名称。 "Core"品牌已被删除。

- RBT

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"application/json" 还没有任何内容。 :( - hB0

现在有一个 MediaTypeNames.Application.Json。它似乎只适用于 >=netstandard2.1 和 >=netcoreapp2.1。 - Andre Soares

多部分数据怎么办？ - anatol

Answer 4

在新的ASP.NET Core中，可以使用MimeMapping与文件名一起使用：

MimeMapping.GetMimeMapping("1.jpg")

应该返回image/jpeg。

所有映射可以在这里找到，也可以添加自己的映射（例如，请参见此答案）。

- Ilya Chernomordik

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这是一个有趣的发现。可惜它将媒体类型与文件扩展名耦合在一起。例如，添加 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 就没有意义了。 - Ergwun

你确定这个在最新版的 .NET Core 中依然存在吗？ - DotBert

我目前正在使用MimeMapping NuGet包（https://www.nuget.org/packages/MimeMapping/），它非常好地完成了其功能！ - DotBert

Answer 5

如果您感兴趣，这里是官方进行中的列表 http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml

- code5

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好的，但这个 C# 类映射扩展名到其 MIME 类型，反之亦然。 - Ahmed Mostafa

Answer 6

请在下面的链接中检查这个惊人的解决方案（部分“使用静态MIME类型映射”）：

https://www.ryadel.com/en/get-file-content-mime-type-from-extension-asp-net-mvc-core/

您可以直接像这样使用它：

var mineType= MimeTypeMap.GetMimeType(System.IO.Path.GetExtension(submitted));

- Ahmed Mostafa

Answer 7

https://www.nuget.org/packages/MimeTypesMap/ 是一个非常好的 NuGet 包，可以用于此目的。使用方法如下：

MimeTypesMap.GetMimeType("filename.jpeg"); // => image/jpeg

或者另一种方式：

MimeTypesMap.GetExtension("image/jpeg"); // => jpeg

- robrich