我想了解一些套接字编程知识，我发现TcpListener和TcpClient对于初学者来说稍微容易一些。我想要实现的基本目标是在我的笔记本电脑和同一网络的另一台笔记本电脑上运行一个小表单，并使它们可以相互通信，即向彼此发送一串文本。一旦我实现了这个目标，我就会进一步开发它 :)
到目前为止，我已经使用msdn和互联网上找到的各种指南创建了客户端和服务器程序。当它们都在一台笔记本电脑上运行时，它们可以相互通信，但当我将客户端移动到另一台笔记本电脑上时，我一无所获。我认为我的主要问题是我不太理解客户端如何找到服务器IP，因为我可以硬编码它，但当我在另一个时间回来时，我确定IP地址已经改变了。有没有更动态地使两者连接以涵盖IP地址的更改的方法？
我的当前客户端代码:
到目前为止，我已经使用msdn和互联网上找到的各种指南创建了客户端和服务器程序。当它们都在一台笔记本电脑上运行时，它们可以相互通信，但当我将客户端移动到另一台笔记本电脑上时，我一无所获。我认为我的主要问题是我不太理解客户端如何找到服务器IP，因为我可以硬编码它，但当我在另一个时间回来时，我确定IP地址已经改变了。有没有更动态地使两者连接以涵盖IP地址的更改的方法？
我的当前客户端代码:
public void msg(string mesg)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(">> " + mesg);
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string message = "Test";
try
{
// Create a TcpClient.
// Note, for this client to work you need to have a TcpServer
// connected to the same address as specified by the server, port
// combination.
Int32 port = 1333;
TcpClient client = new TcpClient(<not sure>, port); //Unsure of IP to use.
// Translate the passed message into ASCII and store it as a Byte array.
Byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);
// Get a client stream for reading and writing.
// Stream stream = client.GetStream();
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
// Send the message to the connected TcpServer.
stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("Sent: {0}", message));
// Receive the TcpServer.response.
// Buffer to store the response bytes.
data = new Byte[256];
// String to store the response ASCII representation.
String responseData = String.Empty;
// Read the first batch of the TcpServer response bytes.
Int32 bytes = stream.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
responseData = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, bytes);
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("Received: {0}", responseData));
// Close everything.
stream.Close();
client.Close();
}
catch (ArgumentNullException an)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("ArgumentNullException: {0}", an));
}
catch (SocketException se)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("SocketException: {0}", se));
}
}
我的当前服务器代码：
private void Prog_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
bw.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;
bw.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
bw.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(bw_DoWork);
bw.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(bw_ProgressChanged);
if (bw.IsBusy != true)
{
bw.RunWorkerAsync();
}
}
private void bw_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(e.UserState);
}
private void bw_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
BackgroundWorker worker = sender as BackgroundWorker;
if ((worker.CancellationPending == true))
{
e.Cancel = true;
}
else
{
try
{
// Set the TcpListener on port 1333.
Int32 port = 1333;
//IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
TcpListener server = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, port);
// Start listening for client requests.
server.Start();
// Buffer for reading data
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[256];
String data = null;
// Enter the listening loop.
while (true)
{
bw.ReportProgress(0, "Waiting for a connection... ");
// Perform a blocking call to accept requests.
// You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here.
TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();
bw.ReportProgress(0, "Connected!");
data = null;
// Get a stream object for reading and writing
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
int i;
// Loop to receive all the data sent by the client.
while ((i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
{
// Translate data bytes to a ASCII string.
data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
bw.ReportProgress(0, String.Format("Received: {0}", data));
// Process the data sent by the client.
data = String.Format("I Have Received Your Message: {0}", data);
byte[] mssg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Send back a response.
stream.Write(mssg, 0, mssg.Length);
bw.ReportProgress(0, String.Format("Sent: {0}", data));
}
// Shutdown and end connection
client.Close();
}
}
catch (SocketException se)
{
bw.ReportProgress(0, String.Format("SocketException: {0}", se));
}
}
}
你可能已经注意到，我对此完全是新手，如果有更好的实现方法，我很乐意学习！提前感谢任何帮助 :)
下面是我的解决方案，多亏了以下答案：
private String IPAddressCheck()
{
var IPAddr = Dns.GetHostEntry("HostName");
IPAddress ipString = null;
foreach (var IP in IPAddr.AddressList)
{
if(IPAddress.TryParse(IP.ToString(), out ipString) && IP.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
break;
}
}
return ipString.ToString();
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string message = "Test";
try
{
Int32 port = 1337;
string IPAddr = IPAddressCheck();
TcpClient client = new TcpClient(IPAddr, port);
我不确定这是否是最简洁的解决方案，但它运行良好，感谢您的答案 :)