我创建了一个 Docker 镜像:
$ docker build -t stephaneeybert/nodejs .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.56 kB
Step 1 : FROM debian
---> 1b088884749b
Step 2 : RUN apt-get clean && apt-get update
---> Using cache
---> b12133d6342f
Step 3 : RUN apt-get install -y curl
---> Using cache
---> 22dfb4882b12
Step 4 : RUN curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash
---> Using cache
---> 27f2fac45254
Step 5 : RUN . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh; nvm install stable
---> Using cache
---> 20d99d545755
Step 6 : RUN . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh; nvm use stable
---> Using cache
---> 9ec14efb2407
Step 7 : RUN . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh; npm install -g npm
---> Using cache
---> d264d38565f3
Step 8 : EXPOSE 9001
---> Using cache
---> 29e3589557e1
Step 9 : ENTRYPOINT /usr/bin/tail -f /dev/null
---> Using cache
---> 2ce499300fe1
Successfully built 2ce499300fe1
图像脚本如下:
FROM debian
RUN apt-get clean && apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y curl
# Installing nodesjs
RUN curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash
RUN . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh; nvm install stable
RUN . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh; nvm use stable
RUN . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh; npm install -g npm
EXPOSE 9001
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/tail", "-f", "/dev/null"]
然后我运行容器并打开一个bash shell:
$ docker run -d -p 127.0.0.1:9001:9001 --name nodejs stephaneeybert/nodejs
c6dddf0a5eb0f11c897f63910eb01f2868fe0f39a80e5e2a580ef3a82935b27b
[stephane@stephane-ThinkPad-X301 nodejs]
$ docker exec -it nodejs bash
root@c6dddf0a5eb0:/#
一旦进入其中,我尝试获取版本信息:
root@c6dddf0a5eb0:/# npm -v
bash: npm: command not found
但是找不到npm。
在交互式shell中输入命令nvm use stable
时,会出现以下错误:N/A:版本“N/A”尚未安装。
我理解存在一个针对不存在的节点版本的别名。
nvm ls
命令显示:
root@60446f9286d0:/# nvm ls
N/A
node -> stable (-> N/A) (default)
iojs -> N/A (default)
调试器显示如下内容:
root@60446f9286d0:/# nvm debug
nvm --version: v0.32.1
$SHELL: /bin/bash
$HOME: /root
$NVM_DIR: '$HOME/.nvm'
$PREFIX: ''
$NPM_CONFIG_PREFIX: ''
nvm current: none
which node:
which iojs:
which npm:
npm config get prefix: bash: npm: command not found
npm root -g: bash: npm: command not found
1- 为什么我需要在每个命令中使用 . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh;
来源此脚本?
2- 为什么我的Node包管理器在bash shell中找不到?
编辑:我稍微修改了Dockerfile文件的内容:
RUN curl -o-https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash \
&& . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh \
&& nvm install stable \
&& nvm alias default stable \
&& nvm use default
现在构建它将显示如下:
Step 4 :RUN curl -o https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash && . ~/.nvm/nvm.sh && nvm install stable && nvm alias default stable && nvm use default
---> Running in 7d2c404135dd
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 10250 100 10250 0 0 18258 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 18238
=> Downloading nvm as script to '/root/.nvm'
=> Appending source string to /root/.bashrc
=> Close and reopen your terminal to start using nvm or run the following to use it now:
export NVM_DIR="/root/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
######################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
Now using node v7.2.0 (npm v3.10.9)
Creating default alias: default -> stable (-> v7.2.0 *)
default -> stable (-> v7.2.0 *)
Now using node v7.2.0 (npm v3.10.9)
---> ad960a4addbe
Removing intermediate container 7d2c404135dd
Step 5 : EXPOSE 9001
---> Running in df9284421302
---> 14d386f009fb
Removing intermediate container df9284421302
Step 6 : ENTRYPOINT /usr/bin/tail -f /dev/null
---> Running in fa2d71b6dfdf
---> d02c8e88eb7f
Removing intermediate container fa2d71b6dfdf
Successfully built d02c8e88eb7f
我看到它已经安装了node v7.2.0并正在使用它。
但是当我用命令docker exec -it nodejs bash
登录容器时,它无法找到任何node:
root@f8f2a32b462a:/# nvm --version
0.32.1
root@f8f2a32b462a:/# npm --version
bash: npm: command not found
root@f8f2a32b462a:/# echo $NVM_DIR
/root/.nvm
root@f8f2a32b462a:/# ls -l /root/.nvm
total 100
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 313 Nov 26 13:01 nvm-exec
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 95660 Nov 26 13:01 nvm.sh
root@f8f2a32b462a:/# ls -l /root/.npm
ls: cannot access /root/.npm: No such file or directory
nvm use stable
是脚本的一部分并且成功执行了。但是当在交互式 shell 中输入它时,会出现以下错误:N/A: version "N/A" is not yet installed.
- Stephanenvm use stable
已经被弃用了,你应该使用nvm use node
或者nvm use iojs
。我也同意 @PaoloLaurenti 的观点,为什么不直接使用官方的 Node Docker 镜像呢? - Paul