我一直在寻找答案，但仍然找不到适合我的解决方案。
我是Django的新手。我正在编写一个Web应用程序，基本上是一个博客，在博客中，作者将拥有自己的网站，并在每篇文章下面有一个评论区。我希望在创建超级用户后，他会自动成为作者之一。用户名字段不是必需的，因为作者将通过他们的名字和姓氏进行识别。这就是为什么我需要他们只使用电子邮件登录的原因。
我使用的Django版本是2.0，尽可能多地使用CBV（类基视图）。
在使用户名无关紧要并仅在登录页面中使用电子邮件和密码之后，我无法同时登录以下两种情况：
- 作为在网站登录页面上注册的用户 - 作为通过控制台命令createsuperuser注册的管理员以下是实际示例。
在删除整个数据库并在网页上注册常规用户和在终端中注册superuser后，它们将正确保存在数据库中。用户名字段为空。
id username email first_name last_name is_active is_staff is_superuser
---------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------
1 johnsmith@gmail.com John Smith 1 0 0
2 mysu@gmail.com Mysuper Myuser 1 1 1
然而，我无法在网站上作为普通用户或在管理页面上作为超级用户登录。
对于某些人来说，问题是后端配置在设置中。我遵循了文档中写的内容，因此我的设置文件的部分如下：
settings.py
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'blog_app',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
# to let the superuser login
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.RemoteUserMiddleware',
]
# Custom superuser configuration
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = [
'django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend',
]
我的其他文件是：
models.py
from django.db import models
from django.urls import reverse
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, BaseUserManager
from django.utils.text import slugify
# Create your models here.
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
use_in_migrations = True
def _create_user(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
"""
Creates and saves a User with the given email and password.
"""
if not email:
raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
email = self.normalize_email(email)
user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', False)
return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)
def create_superuser(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.')
return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)
class Author(AbstractUser):
""" Author and User model """
objects = UserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['first_name', 'last_name']
username = models.CharField(max_length=40, unique=False, default='')
email = models.EmailField(unique=True, max_length=256, verbose_name='email')
slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, editable=False)
def __str__(self):
return self.name()
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
slug_name = self.name()
slug_number = 0
while True:
if slug_number == 0:
pass
else:
slug_name = self.name() + "-" + str(slug_number)
slug_number += 1
if not Author.objects.filter(slug=slugify(slug_name)).exists():
break
self.slug = slugify(slug_name)
super(Author, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('blog_app:author_detail', kwargs={'slug':self.slug})
def name(self):
""" The function for displaying the name of the author and slugs """
return self.first_name + ' ' + self.last_name
class Article(models.Model):
""" Article model """
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, editable=False)
date_updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, editable=False)
title = models.CharField(max_length=256, unique=True)
text = models.CharField(max_length=1024)
author = models.ForeignKey(Author, null=True, blank=False, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name='articles')
slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, editable=False)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
""" Creates slugs. If slug repeats then adds the number in the i the end
which has not exist before. Those numbers are in the order """
slug_name = self.title
slug_number = 0
while True:
if slug_number == 0:
pass
else:
slug_name = self.title + "-" + str(slug_number)
slug_number += 1
if not Article.objects.filter(slug=slugify(slug_name)).exists():
break
self.slug = slugify(slug_name)
super(Article, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('blog_app:detail', kwargs={'slug':self.slug})
def updates_detected(self):
""" Checks whether updates happened. Due to microseconds calculations, it
is impossible to check it by a regular comparison. Therefore I give the
article a 1-minute margin. The update, which happened earlier than 1 minute
from the creation of an article is assumed not to be an update """
from datetime import timedelta
d_creation = self.date.replace(tzinfo = None)
d_update = self.date_updated.replace(tzinfo = None)
td = timedelta(seconds = 5)
if abs(d_update - d_creation) < td:
return False
else:
return True
class Comment(models.Model):
""" Comment model """
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, editable=False)
text = models.CharField(max_length=256)
author = models.CharField(max_length=64)
article = models.ForeignKey(Article, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments', unique=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.date
admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from blog_app.models import Article, Comment, Author
# Register your models here.
admin.site.register(Article)
admin.site.register(Author)
admin.site.register(Comment)
forms.py
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from blog_app.models import Author
class SignUpForm(UserCreationForm):
class Meta:
model = Author
fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'password1', 'password2')
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth import login
from django.views.generic import (TemplateView, ListView, DetailView, CreateView,
UpdateView, DeleteView)
from django.contrib.auth.views import LoginView, LogoutView
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from blog_app import models
from blog_app.forms import SignUpForm
# Create your views here.
# Main pages
class IndexView(ListView):
model = models.Article
ordering = ['-date']
context_object_name = 'articles'
template_name = "blog_app/index.html"
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['injectme'] = 'BASIC INJECTION'
return context
class AboutMeView(TemplateView):
template_name = "blog_app/about_me.html"
# Article views
class ArticlePageView(DetailView):
context_object_name = 'article_detail'
model = models.Article
template_name = 'blog_app/article_page.html'
class CreateArticleView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
login_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:login")
model = models.Article
fields = ('title', 'text')
def form_valid(self, form):
author = self.request.user
form.instance.author = author
return super(CreateArticleView, self).form_valid(form)
class UpdateArticleView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):
login_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:login")
model = models.Article
fields = ('title', 'text')
class ArticleDeleteView(LoginRequiredMixin, DeleteView):
login_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:login")
model = models.Article
success_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:index")
# Author/user views
class AuthorPageView(DetailView):
context_object_name = 'author_detail'
model = models.Author
template_name = 'blog_app/author_page.html'
class LoginAuthorView(LoginView):
template_name = 'blog_app/login.html'
success_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:index")
class LogoutAuthorView(LogoutView):
next_page = reverse_lazy("blog_app:index")
class CreateAuthorView(CreateView):
model = models.Author
form_class = SignUpForm
class UpdateAuthorView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):
login_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:login")
model = models.Author
fields = ['first_name']
class AuthorDeleteView(LoginRequiredMixin, DeleteView):
login_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:login")
model = models.Author
success_url = reverse_lazy("blog_app:index")
你知道我可能有什么问题吗？