由于默认的Windows PowerShell控制台字体不支持表情符号，我想显示它们的代理对十六进制代码，并且最好还能显示它们的Unicode字符名称以进行调试。
我知道如何将表情符号转换为字节数组，但我还没有弄清楚如何将它们转换为代理对十六进制代码和Unicode字符名称。
$ThumbsUp = ""
$Bytes = [system.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($ThumbsUp)
# output
#240
#159
#145
#141
$Hex = 0x1F44D
$CharName = "Thumbs Up Sign"
也就是说，以下命令应该将十六进制值转换回表情符号：
[char]::ConvertFromUtf32($Hex)
# output
#
部分回答 - 我只知道如何获取UTF-32码点：
$ThumbsUp = ""
$utf32bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF32.GetBytes( $ThumbsUp )
$codePoint = [System.BitConverter]::ToUint32( $utf32bytes )
"0x{0:X}" -f $codePoint
输出：
0x1F44D
r Ř
0x0072,0x002C,0x0158,0x0001F44D
\u0072\u002C\u0158\U0001F44D
Char CodePoint Category Description
---- --------- -------- -----------
r {U+0072, 0x72} LowercaseLetter Latin Small Letter R
Ř {U+0158, 0xC5,0x98} UppercaseLetter Latin Capital Letter R With Caron
{U+1F44D, 0xF0,0x9F,0x91,0x8D} So THUMBS UP SIGN (0xd83d,0xdc4d)
# ↑ UFF-8 ↑ name ↑ surrogates
代码（函数体末尾的基于注释的帮助）：
# Get-CharInfo function. Activate dot-sourced
# . .\_get-CharInfo_2.1.ps1
# Comment-based help at the end of the function body
# History notes at the very end of the script
if ( -not ('Microsofts.CharMap.UName' -as [type]) ) {
Add-Type -Name UName -Namespace Microsofts.CharMap -MemberDefinition $(
switch ("$([System.Environment]::SystemDirectory -replace
'\\', '\\')\\getuname.dll") {
{Test-Path -LiteralPath $_ -PathType Leaf} {@"
[DllImport("${_}", ExactSpelling=true, SetLastError=true)]
private static extern int GetUName(ushort wCharCode,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder buf);
public static string Get(char ch) {
var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(300);
UName.GetUName(ch, sb);
return sb.ToString();
}
"@
}
default {'public static string Get(char ch) { return "???"; }'}
})
}
function Get-CharInfo {
[CmdletBinding()]
[OutputType([System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject],
[System.Array])]
param(
# named or positional: a string or a number e.g. 'r Ř'
# pipeline: an array of strings and numbers, e.g 'r Ř',0x1f44d
[Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)]
$InputObject,
# + Write-Host Python-like Unicode literal e.g. \u0072\u0020\u0158\U0001F44D
[Parameter()]
[switch]$OutUni,
# + Write-Host array of hexadecimals e.g. 0x0072,0x0020,0x0158,0x0001F44D
[Parameter()]
[switch]$OutHex,
# + Write-Host concatenated string e.g. r Ř
[Parameter()]
[switch]$OutStr,
# choke down whitespaces ( $s -match '\s' ) from output
[Parameter()]
[switch]$IgnoreWhiteSpace,
# from https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt
[Parameter()]
[string]$UnicodeData = 'D:\Utils\CodePages\UnicodeData.txt'
)
begin {
Set-StrictMode -Version latest
if ( [string]::IsNullOrEmpty( $UnicodeData) ) { $UnicodeData = '::' }
Function ReadUnicodeRanges {
if ($Script:UnicodeFirstLast.Count -eq 0) {
$Script:UnicodeFirstLast = @'
First,Last,Category,Description
128,128,Cc-Control,Padding Character
129,129,Cc-Control,High Octet Preset
132,132,Cc-Control,Index
153,153,Cc-Control,Single Graphic Character Introducer
13312,19903,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension A
19968,40956,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph
44032,55203,Lo-Other_Letter,Hangul Syllable
94208,100343,Lo-Other_Letter,Tangut Ideograph
101632,101640,Lo-Other_Letter,Tangut Ideograph Supplement
131072,173789,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension B
173824,177972,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension C
177984,178205,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension D
178208,183969,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension E
183984,191456,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension F
196608,201546,Lo-Other_Letter,CJK Ideograph Extension G
983040,1048573,Co-Private_Use,Plane 15 Private Use
1048576,1114109,Co-Private_Use,Plane 16 Private Use
'@ | ConvertFrom-Csv -Delimiter ',' |
ForEach-Object {
[PSCustomObject]@{
First = [int]$_.First
Last = [int]$_.Last
Category = $_.Category
Description= $_.Description
}
}
}
foreach ( $FirstLast in $Script:UnicodeFirstLast) {
if ( $FirstLast.First -le $ch -and $ch -le $FirstLast.Last ) {
$out.Category = $FirstLast.Category
$out.Description = $FirstLast.Description + $nil
break
}
}
}
$AuxHex = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
$AuxStr = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
$AuxUni = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
$Script:UnicodeFirstLast = @()
$Script:UnicodeDataLines = @()
function ReadUnicodeData {
if ( $Script:UnicodeDataLines.Count -eq 0 -and (Test-Path $UnicodeData) ) {
$Script:UnicodeDataLines = @([System.IO.File]::ReadAllLines(
$UnicodeData, [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8))
}
$DescrLine = $Script:UnicodeDataLines -match ('^{0:X4}\;' -f $ch)
if ( $DescrLine.Count -gt 0) {
$u0, $Descr, $Categ, $u3 = $DescrLine[0] -split ';'
$out.Category = $Categ
$out.Description = $Descr + $nil
}
}
function out {
param(
[Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true )] $ch,
[Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$false)]$nil=''
)
if (0 -le $ch -and 0xFFFF -ge $ch) {
[void]$AuxHex.Add('0x{0:X4}' -f $ch)
$s = [char]$ch
[void]$AuxStr.Add($s)
[void]$AuxUni.Add('\u{0:X4}' -f $ch)
$out = [pscustomobject]@{
Char = $s
CodePoint = ('U+{0:X4}' -f $ch),
(([System.Text.UTF32Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($s) |
ForEach-Object { '0x{0:X2}' -f $_ }) -join ',')
Category = [System.Globalization.CharUnicodeInfo]::GetUnicodeCategory($ch)
Description = [Microsofts.CharMap.UName]::Get($ch)
}
if ( $out.Description -eq 'Undefined' ) { ReadUnicodeRanges }
if ( $out.Description -eq 'Undefined' ) { ReadUnicodeData }
} elseif (0x10000 -le $ch -and 0x10FFFF -ge $ch) {
[void]$AuxHex.Add('0x{0:X8}' -f $ch)
$s = [char]::ConvertFromUtf32($ch)
[void]$AuxStr.Add($s)
[void]$AuxUni.Add('\U{0:X8}' -f $ch)
$out = [pscustomobject]@{
Char = $s
CodePoint = ('U+{0:X}' -f $ch),
(([System.Text.UTF32Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($s) |
ForEach-Object { '0x{0:X2}' -f $_ }) -join ',')
Category = [System.Globalization.CharUnicodeInfo]::GetUnicodeCategory($s, 0)
Description = '???' + $nil
}
ReadUnicodeRanges
if ( $out.Description -eq ('???' + $nil) ) { ReadUnicodeData }
} else {
Write-Warning ('Character U+{0:X4} is out of range' -f $ch)
$s = $null
}
if (( $null -eq $s ) -or
( $IgnoreWhiteSpace.IsPresent -and ( $s -match '\s' ))
) {
} else {
$out
}
}
}
process {
#if ($PSBoundParameters['Verbose']) {
# Write-Warning "InputObject $InputObject, type = $($InputObject.GetType().Name)"
#}
if ( ($InputObject -as [int]) -gt 0xFFFF -and
($InputObject -as [int]) -le 0x10ffff ) {
$InputObject = [string][char]::ConvertFromUtf32($InputObject)
}
if ($null -cne ($InputObject -as [char])) {
#Write-Verbose "A $([char]$InputObject) InputObject character"
out $([int][char]$InputObject) ''
} elseif ( $InputObject -isnot [string] -and
$null -cne ($InputObject -as [int])) {
#Write-Verbose "B $InputObject InputObject"
out $([int]$InputObject) ''
} else {
$InputObject = [string]$InputObject
#Write-Verbose "C $InputObject InputObject.Length $($InputObject.Length)"
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $InputObject.Length; ++$i) {
if ( [char]::IsHighSurrogate($InputObject[$i]) -and
(1+$i) -lt $InputObject.Length -and
[char]::IsLowSurrogate($InputObject[$i+1])) {
$aux = ' (0x{0:x4},0x{1:x4})' -f [int]$InputObject[$i],
[int]$InputObject[$i+1]
# Write-Verbose "surrogate pair $aux at position $i"
out $([char]::ConvertToUtf32($InputObject[$i], $InputObject[1+$i])) $aux
$i++
} else {
out $([int][char]$InputObject[$i]) ''
}
}
}
}
end {
if ( $OutStr.IsPresent -or $PSBoundParameters['Verbose']) {
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Magenta -Object $($AuxStr -join '')
}
if ( $OutHex.IsPresent -or $PSBoundParameters['Verbose']) {
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Cyan -Object $($AuxHex -join ',')
}
if ( $OutUni.IsPresent -or $PSBoundParameters['Verbose']) {
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Yellow -Object $($AuxUni -join '')
}
}
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Return basic information about supplied Unicode characters.
.DESCRIPTION
Return information about supplied Unicode characters:
- as a PSCustomObject for programming purposes,
- in a human-readable form, and
- with optional additional output to the Information Stream.
Properties of the output PSCustomObject are as follows:
Char The character itself (if renderable)
CodePoint [string[]]Unicode CodePoint, its UTF-8 byte sequence
Category General Category (long name or abbreviation)
Description Name (and surrogate pair in parentheses if apply).
.INPUTS
An array of characters, strings and numbers (in any combination)
can be piped to the function as parameter $InputObject, e.g as
"ΧАB",[char]4301,191,0x1F3DE | Get-CharInfo
or (the same in terms of decimal numbers) as
935,1040,66,4301,191,127966 | Get-CharInfo
On the other side, the $InputObject parameter supplied named
or positionally must be of the only base type: either a number
or a character or a string.
The same input as a string:
Get-CharInfo -InputObject 'ΧАBჍ¿'
-Verbose implies all -OutUni, -OutHex and -OutStr
.OUTPUTS
[System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject]
[Object[]] (an array like [PSCustomObject[]])
.NOTES
The UnicodeData.txt file (if used) must be saved locally
from https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt
(currently Unicode 13.0.0)
The UnicodeData.txt file is not required however, in such case,
Get-CharInfo function could be return inaccurate properties
Category and Description for characters above BMP, see Example-3.
.LINK
Unicode® Standard Annex #44: Unicode Character Database (UCD)
.LINK
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/
.LINK
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#General_Category_Values
.EXAMPLE
# full (first three lines are in the Information Stream)
'r Ř'|Get-CharInfo -OutUni -OutHex -OutStr -IgnoreWhiteSpace
r Ř
0x0072,0x0020,0x0158,0x0001F44D
\u0072\u0020\u0158\U0001F44D
Char CodePoint Category Description
---- --------- -------- -----------
r {U+0072, 0x72} LowercaseLetter Latin Small Letter R
Ř {U+0158, 0xC5,0x98} UppercaseLetter Latin Capital Letter R W...
{U+1F44D, 0xF0,0x9F,0x91,0x8D} So THUMBS UP SIGN (0xd83d,0...
.EXAMPLE
# shortened version of above (output is the same)
'r Ř'|chr -Verbose -IgnoreWhiteSpace
.EXAMPLE
# inaccurate (inexact) output above BMP if missing UnicodeData.txt
'r Ř'|chr -Verbose -IgnoreWhiteSpace -UnicodeData .\foo.bar
r Ř
0x0072,0x0020,0x0158,0x0001F44D
\u0072\u0020\u0158\U0001F44D
Char CodePoint Category Description
---- --------- -------- -----------
r {U+0072, 0x72} LowercaseLetter Latin Small Letter R
Ř {U+0158, 0xC5,0x98} UppercaseLetter Latin Capital Letter R W...
{U+1F44D, 0xF0,0x9F,0x91,0x8D} OtherSymbol ??? (0xd83d,0xdc4d)
.FUNCTIONALITY
Tested: Windows 8.1/64bit, Powershell 4
Windows 10 /64bit, Powershell 5
Windows 10 /64bit, Powershell Core 6.2.0
Windows 10 /64bit, Powershell Core 7.1.0
#>
}
Set-Alias -Name chr -Value Get-CharInfo
<#
HISTORY NOTES
Origin by: http://poshcode.org/5234
http://fossil.include-once.org/poshcode/artifact/5757dbbd0bc26c84333e7cf4ccc330ab89447bf679e86ddd6fbd3589ca24027e
License: CC0
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode
Activate dot-sourced like this (apply a real path instead of .\):
. .\Get-CharInfo.ps1
Improved by: https://stackoverflow.com/users/3439404/josefz
(to version 2)
#>
# idChar.ps1
param($inputChar)
if ($inputchar[0] -ge 0xD800 -and $inputchar[0] -le 0xDBFF -and
$inputchar.length -eq 1) {
write-warning 'paste emojis with control v not right click, half of surrogate pair missing'
}
if (! (test-path $psscriptroot\UnicodeData.txt)) {
wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt -outfile UnicodeData.txt
}
$unicode = import-csv $psscriptroot\UnicodeData.txt -Delimiter ';' -Header hexcode,
name
$unicode | % { $hash = @{} } { $hash[[int]('0x' + $_.hexcode)] = $_ }
$hash[[char]::ConvertToUtf32($inputChar,($index=0))]
.\idChar
hexcode name
------- ----
1F44D THUMBS UP SIGN
.\idChar —
hexcode name
------- ----
2014 EM DASH
.\idchar �
WARNING: paste emojis with control v not right click, half of surrogate pair missing
MethodInvocationException: C:\Users\ccfadmin\idChar.ps1:24
Line |
24 | $result = $hash[[char]::ConvertToUtf32($inputChar,$index)]
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Exception calling "ConvertToUtf32" with "2" argument(s): "Found a high surrogate char without a following low
| surrogate at index: 0. The input may not be in this encoding, or may not contain valid Unicode (UTF-16)
| characters. (Parameter 's')"
inputchar hexcode name
--------- ------- ----
Get-CharInfo：未将术语'Get-CharInfo'识别为cmdlet名称。 - Clamarcget_charinfo.ps1，使用点源操作符 .激活）。 - JosefZ. Get-CharInfo.ps1。 - JosefZ