我正在Ubuntu 10.10上运行VMWare Workstation。我有一系列的虚拟机,每周都会克隆一次。
我编写了一个bash脚本,循环遍历每个虚拟机,轻松地将其挂起,克隆它,然后尝试恢复它。
问题在于,虚拟机无法恢复,因此我必须手动恢复它们。我正在尝试找出如何修改我编写的脚本以确保虚拟机可以恢复。我已经包含了脚本和生成的日志文件的样本,显示了错误消息。
下面是每个虚拟机生成的日志文件示例。
错误: 无法启动用户界面,因为当前环境中不存在显示服务器。
我编写了一个bash脚本,循环遍历每个虚拟机,轻松地将其挂起,克隆它,然后尝试恢复它。
问题在于,虚拟机无法恢复,因此我必须手动恢复它们。我正在尝试找出如何修改我编写的脚本以确保虚拟机可以恢复。我已经包含了脚本和生成的日志文件的样本,显示了错误消息。
#!/bin/bash
##Author: William Cooper
##Date: 2/15/2011
## Purpose: Perform full backups of Virtual Machines
## Running under VMWare Workstation
## Script won't run if the /nas directory doesn't exist
## The /nas directory is a mounted Buffalo Terastation
## Check /etc/fstab if this mountpoint is broken
BACKUPDEST="/nas"
## No need to modify
HOST=`hostname`
DATEFILE=`/bin/date +%G%m%d`
## Run Command to find list of VM names:
## this will only be the name of the vm, no path and no .vmx
VMLIST=`vmrun list | grep '/' | cut -d'/' -f3 | cut -d'.' -f1`
## Initialize Counter variable used to cycle through VMs in VMARRAY variable
COUNTER=1
## Run Command to find list of VM Names and then store them in an Array:
## This will include full pathnames
VMARRAY=( `vmrun list | grep '/'` )
#################################################################
## Functions
##
## Notify the starting time of backup in the log
##
function startScript {
echo
echo "----------------------------------------------------"
echo "START - ${VM}"
echo "Host: ${HOST}"
echo "Date: `date`"
echo
}
##
## Suspend VM
##
function suspendVM {
## Suspend the VM
echo "Attempting to softly suspend "${VM}" . . ."
vmrun suspend ${VMARRAY[${COUNTER}]} soft
echo "${VM} Suspended on `date`"
echo
}
##
## Backup VM
##
function doBackup {
## Check to see if the correct backup directory exists.
if [ ! -d ${BACKUPDEST}/${VM} ]; then
echo "${BACKUPDEST}/${VM} does not exist, creating . . ."
mkdir "${BACKUPDEST}/${VM}"
echo
fi
## Backup VM (clone)
echo "Backup of "${VM}" began: `date`"
echo "Backup to ${BACKUPDEST}/${VM}/BACKUP/${DATEFILE} . . ."
mkdir ${BACKUPDEST}/${VM}/BACKUP/${DATEFILE}
vmrun clone ${VMARRAY[${COUNTER}]} ${BACKUPDEST}/${VM}/BACKUP/${DATEFILE}/${VM}.vmx full
echo "Backup of "${VM}" ended: `date`"
echo
}
##
## Start VM
##
function doStart {
## Resume VMs which were running [--type gui|sdl|vrdp|headless]
echo "Attempting to resume "${VM}" . . ."
vmrun start ${VMARRAY[${COUNTER}]}
echo "${VM} Resumed on `date`"
echo
}
##
## Notify the finishing time of backup in the log
##
function finishScript {
echo "FINISH - ${VM}"
echo "Host: ${HOST}"
echo "Date: `date`"
echo "----------------------------------------------------"
echo
}
#################################################################
## Script
for VM in ${VMLIST}
do
sleep 1
## StartScrip executes for logging
startScript
## Suspend VM performs soft suspend
suspendVM
sleep 3
## Do Backup performs the VM clone
doBackup
sleep 3
## Start VM performs start vm
doStart
sleep 3
## FinishScript executes for logging
finishScript
## Increment the Counter
COUNTER=${COUNTER}+1
done | tee "${BACKUPDEST}/logs/VMClone_${DATEFILE}.log"
## Script
#################################################################
exit
下面是每个虚拟机生成的日志文件示例。
----------------------------------------------------
START - vmname
Host: servername
Date: Sat Feb 19 12:30:29 CST 2011
Attempting to softly suspend vmname . . .
vmname Suspended on Sat Feb 19 12:30:44 CST 2011
Backup of vmname began: Sat Feb 19 12:30:47 CST 2011
Backup to /nas/vmname/BACKUP/20110219 . . .
Backup of vmname ended: Sat Feb 19 12:43:16 CST 2011
Attempting to resume vmname . . .
Error: Cannot launch the UI because no display server is present in the current environment
vmname Resumed on Sat Feb 19 12:43:20 CST 2011
FINISH - vmname
Host: servername
Date: Sat Feb 19 12:43:23 CST 2011
----------------------------------------------------
错误: 无法启动用户界面,因为当前环境中不存在显示服务器。
COUNTER=${COUNTER}+1
时,它会构建一个越来越长的字符串形式1+1+1+1+1
,并在用作数组下标时进行算术运算。我建议改用((COUNTER++))
。此外,你不需要为数组下标添加所有修饰符。例如,你可以使用${VMARRAY[COUNTER]}
。我还建议使用$()
而不是反引号进行命令替换。它们更易读,并且可以更容易地嵌套等。至于你的问题,你能提供更多环境细节吗? - Dennis WilliamsonDISPLAY
变量需要有一个有意义的值。 - Dennis Williamson((COUNTER++))
的技巧。使用$()
确实会更加整洁,但是除了你提供的代码清理建议之外,我不确定为什么DISPLAY全局变量会出错?我每个星期六都会运行一个cronjob调用上面的脚本。现在我想尝试的是在脚本中手动设置DISPLAY=:0.0
,看看是否能解决问题。感谢你的帮助。 - LucretiusCtl-Alt-F1
)还是在Ubuntu终端上进行这个操作?在TTY上,我无法正确地使用DISPLAY
,但在终端上它可以正常工作。至少对我来说是这样的。 - norcalli