将公钥转换为字符串,然后再将其转换回公钥Java

10

我有一段代码,想要进行一些转换。首先我生成一个公钥并打印出来,然后将其转换为字节,再转换为字符串。接下来,我又将其转换回字节,但是当我将其转换回字节时,字节的值会发生变化,因此生成的公钥与上面的不同,如下面的输出所示。

//generating public key     
PublicKey public_key = CryptographyHelper.ellipticCurveCrypto().getPublic();
System.out.println("PUBLIC KEY::" + public_key);

//converting public key to byte            
byte[] byte_pubkey = public_key.getEncoded();
System.out.println("\nBYTE KEY::: " + byte_pubkey);

//converting byte to String 
String str_key = Arrays.toString(byte_pubkey);
System.out.println("\nSTRING KEY::" + str_key);

//converting string to Bytes
byte_pubkey = str_key.getBytes();
System.out.println("BYTE KEY::" + byte_pubkey);

//converting it back to public key
KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("ECDSA", "BC");
public_key = (ECPublicKey) factory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(byte_pubkey));
System.out.println("FINAL OUTPUT" + public_key);

输出

    PUBLIC KEY::EC Public Key [4d:53:40:86:3f:a8:91:49:b6:27:b5:58:14:b8:8b:f1:ff:8a:78:70]
            X: c8e1028cad7b105814d4a2e0e292f5f7904aad7b6cbc46a5
            Y: 312272321a1ba4ff14caa73b42acb35eb025d9f6fc2ca6b3


BYTE KEY::: [B@1a1d6a08

STRING KEY::[48, 70, 48, 16, 6, 7, 42, -122, 72, -50, 61, 2, 1, 6, 5, 43, -127, 4, 0, 31, 3, 50, 0, 4, -56, -31, 2, -116, -83, 123, 16, 88, 20, -44, -94, -32, -30, -110, -11, -9, -112, 74, -83, 123, 108, -68, 70, -91, 49, 34, 114, 50, 26, 27, -92, -1, 20, -54, -89, 59, 66, -84, -77, 94, -80, 37, -39, -10, -4, 44, -90, -77]
BYTE KEY[B@37d31475
Exception in thread "main" java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException: encoded key spec not recognized: failed to construct sequence from byte[]: Extra data detected in stream
    at org.bouncycastle.jcajce.provider.asymmetric.util.BaseKeyFactorySpi.engineGeneratePublic(Unknown Source)
    at org.bouncycastle.jcajce.provider.asymmetric.ec.KeyFactorySpi.engineGeneratePublic(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.KeyFactory.generatePublic(KeyFactory.java:328)
    at blahblah.Driver.main(Driver.java:44)
C:\Users\blahblah\AppData\Local\NetBeans\Cache\8.1\executor-snippets\run.xml:53: Java returned: 1
BUILD FAILED (total time: 1 second)

我遇到了一个错误,因为当我第二次将它转换回字节并再次转换回公钥时,它变得无效,从而出现错误。 额外信息 但如果我只是这样做,它就可以正常工作,但我的目标是先以某种方式将公钥转换为字符串,然后将该字符串转换为公钥类型。我唯一能做到的就是将公钥(字符串类型)转换为字节类型,然后再将其转换回公钥。 我不能直接将字符串转换为公钥,因为这样不起作用。

1
在创建和解析字节时,您应该查看使用的字符集。 - NielsNet
你能说一下你正在使用哪些库吗? - Rathan Naik
2个回答

20

当转换为字符串类型时,您需要使用 Base64 编码系统。
tostring()方法使用JVM默认编码,该编码不支持您的字符。

PublicKey public_key = CryptographyHelper.ellipticCurveCrypto().getPublic();     
System.out.println("PUBLIC KEY::" + public_key);

//converting public key to byte            
byte[] byte_pubkey = public_key.getEncoded();
System.out.println("\nBYTE KEY::: " + byte_pubkey);

//converting byte to String 
String str_key = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(byte_pubkey);
// String str_key = new String(byte_pubkey,Charset.);
System.out.println("\nSTRING KEY::" + str_key);

//converting string to Bytes
byte_pubkey  = Base64.getDecoder().decode(str_key);
System.out.println("BYTE KEY::" + byte_pubkey);


//converting it back to public key
KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("ECDSA", "BC");
public_key = (ECPublicKey) factory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(byte_pubkey));
System.out.println("FINAL OUTPUT" + public_key);

我尝试使用自己的实现来完成其余缺失的部分,你需要发布你的整个代码并且提到所需的库以便我们在同一页面上解决这个问题。 - Rathan Naik
私钥怎么办?我尝试了这段代码,但它一直给我这个错误: Exception in thread "main" java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException: Only RSAPrivate(Crt)KeySpec and PKCS8EncodedKeySpec supported for RSA private keys at java.base/sun.security.rsa.RSAKeyFactory.generatePrivate(RSAKeyFactory.java:335) at java.base/sun.security.rsa.RSAKeyFactory.engineGeneratePrivate(RSAKeyFactory.java:212) at java.base/java.security.KeyFactory.generatePrivate(KeyFactory.java:390) - Sara.a

0
这是一个完整的示例,演示如何使用Bouncy Castle通过JCE生成ECDSA的公钥和私钥。
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;

import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

import static org.bouncycastle.jce.ECNamedCurveTable.getParameterSpec;


public class PublicPrivateKeyExample {

    static {
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
    }

    private static final SecureRandom DEFAULT_SECURE_RANDOM;

    static {
        DEFAULT_SECURE_RANDOM = new SecureRandom();
        DEFAULT_SECURE_RANDOM.nextBytes(new byte[64]);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // -----
        // Create a random key-pair using ECDSA provided by bcprov-jdk15on from Bouncy Castle and encode as base64
        // strings
        // -----

        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("ECDSA", "BC");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(getParameterSpec("secp521r1"), DEFAULT_SECURE_RANDOM);

        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();

        Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
        String publicKeyStr = encoder.encodeToString(publicKey.getEncoded());
        String privateKeyStr = encoder.encodeToString(privateKey.getEncoded());

        // -----
        // Decode the base64 public and private keys back to a JCE's PublicKey and PrivateKey
        // -----

        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("ECDSA", "BC");
        Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();

        PublicKey decodedPublicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoder.decode(publicKeyStr)));
        PrivateKey decodedPrivateKey =
                keyFactory.generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoder.decode(privateKeyStr)));

        assert publicKey.getEncoded() == decodedPublicKey.getEncoded();
        assert privateKey.getEncoded() == decodedPrivateKey.getEncoded();
    }
}

这是使用Java 8进行测试的,具体如下:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
    <version>1.60</version>
</dependency>

感谢您的评论,对于Bouncycastle的实现非常有帮助。 - Joey Abano

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