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ggplot无法标记数据点

rplotggplot2
3

我已经尝试了1.5小时，但我无法使标签起作用... :-\

我有以下矩阵clVrd：

            [,1]        [,2] [,3]
 [1,]  0.6618725 -0.04065907    1
 [2,]  0.4646620  0.09859806    2
 [3,]  0.9388307  0.05681554    3
 [4,]  1.1809942  0.12906415    4
 [5,]  1.5476428  0.49644973    5
 [6,] -0.1855485  0.30445869    6
 [7,]  0.4525888  0.49559198    7
 [8,] -0.4004534 -0.06419374    8
 [9,] -1.0669191  0.17292748    9
[10,] -0.9372038  0.02601539   10
[11,]  0.5617849 -5.21857716   11
[12,] -0.9370099 -0.05539107   12
[13,]  0.6803453  0.21223368   13
[14,]  1.3040601  0.47598799   14

我尝试使用以下命令进行绘图

ggplot() + geom_point(data=data.frame(clVrd), mapping=aes(x=clVrd[,1], y=clVrd[,2], label=clVrd[,3]))

即使我在clVrd中设置了rownames，
rownames(clVrd) <- seq(1:14)

它仍然不起作用。 绘制了图形，但没有标签...... 有人能告诉我为什么吗？

感谢您的帮助！

更新： daroczig提到的方法有效，但我需要在更复杂的图中添加层。

整个代码如下：

ggplot() + geom_segment(data=data.frame(test), aes(x=lines[,1], y=lines[,2], xend=lines[,3], yend=lines[,4]), color='grey', alpha = I(0.2)) +
  layer(data=data.frame(clVrd), mapping=aes(x=clVrd[,1], y=clVrd[,2], label=clVrd[,3]), geom = "point", stat="identity", size = I(4), color='black', shape=2) +
  layer(data=data.frame(mid), mapping=aes(x=mid[,1], y=mid[,2]), geom = "point", stat="identity", size = I(4), color='black', shape=22) +
  opts(legend.position = "none") +
  scale_x_continuous('Dimension 1') +
  scale_y_continuous('Dimension 2') +
  opts(axis.title.y = theme_text(vjust=0.2, angle=90)) +
  opts(axis.title.x = theme_text(vjust=0.2, angle=0))

clVrd <- structure(c(0.661872475367366, 0.464661963750941, 0.938830748772559, 
1.18099419280727, 1.54764276890947, -0.185548540145922, 0.452588804431998, 
-0.400453362842998, -1.06691910257802, -0.937203794581474, 0.56178488859136, 
-0.937009852049824, 0.680345320757602, 1.30406005677017, -0.0406590744874299, 
0.0985980588613432, 0.0568155367351373, 0.129064147637601, 0.496449734351345, 
0.304458694719769, 0.495591983450893, -0.0641937419346143, 0.172927477311218, 
0.0260153913187109, -5.21857716109913, -0.0553910678963988, 0.212233679072247, 
0.475987991276203, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 
14), .Dim = c(14L, 3L))

mid <- structure(c(-0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 
0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, -2.35077729859073, -0.55472838558667, 
0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, -1.86673280298486, 
-0.482522295670435, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, 
-1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 0.0954886028288132, -2.13935195209412, 
0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 0.134447522792538, 
-4.09755608083992), .Dim = c(12L, 2L))

lines <- structure(c(0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 
0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 
0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 0.661872475367366, 0.464661963750941, 
0.464661963750941, 0.464661963750941, 0.464661963750941, 0.464661963750941, 
0.464661963750941, 0.464661963750941, 0.464661963750941, 0.464661963750941, 
0.464661963750941, 0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 
0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 
0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 0.938830748772559, 1.18099419280727, 
1.18099419280727, 1.18099419280727, 1.18099419280727, 1.18099419280727, 
1.18099419280727, 1.18099419280727, 1.18099419280727, 1.18099419280727, 
1.18099419280727, 1.54764276890947, 1.54764276890947, 1.54764276890947, 
1.54764276890947, 1.54764276890947, 1.54764276890947, 1.54764276890947, 
1.54764276890947, 1.54764276890947, -0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, 
-0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, 
-0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, -0.185548540145922, 
-0.185548540145922, 0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, 
0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, 
0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, 0.452588804431998, -0.400453362842998, 
-0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, 
-0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, 
-0.400453362842998, -0.400453362842998, -1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, 
-1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, 
-1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, 
-1.06691910257802, -1.06691910257802, -0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, 
-0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, 
-0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, 
-0.937203794581474, -0.937203794581474, 0.56178488859136, 0.56178488859136, 
0.56178488859136, 0.56178488859136, -0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, 
-0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, 
-0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, 
-0.937009852049824, -0.937009852049824, 0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 
0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 
0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 0.680345320757602, 
-0.0406590744874299, -0.0406590744874299, -0.0406590744874299, 
-0.0406590744874299, -0.0406590744874299, -0.0406590744874299, 
-0.0406590744874299, -0.0406590744874299, -0.0406590744874299, 
-0.0406590744874299, 0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 
0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 
0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 0.0985980588613432, 
0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 
0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 
0.0568155367351373, 0.0568155367351373, 0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 
0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 
0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 0.129064147637601, 
0.496449734351345, 0.496449734351345, 0.496449734351345, 0.496449734351345, 
0.496449734351345, 0.496449734351345, 0.496449734351345, 0.496449734351345, 
0.496449734351345, 0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 
0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 
0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 0.304458694719769, 
0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, 
0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, 
0.495591983450893, 0.495591983450893, -0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, 
-0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, 
-0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, 
-0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, -0.0641937419346143, 
0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 
0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 
0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 0.172927477311218, 
0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 
0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 
0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 0.0260153913187109, 
-5.21857716109913, -5.21857716109913, -5.21857716109913, -5.21857716109913, 
-0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, 
-0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, 
-0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, 
-0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, -0.0553910678963988, 
0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, 
0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, 
0.212233679072247, 0.212233679072247, -0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, 
-0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, -0.55472838558667, 
0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, -0.482522295670435, 
-0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, 
-1.24317797052758, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 
0.824786100242867, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, 
-0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, -0.55472838558667, 
0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, -0.482522295670435, 
-0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, 
-1.24317797052758, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 
0.824786100242867, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, 
-0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 
0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 
0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, 
-0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, 
-1.86673280298486, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, 
-0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, -0.55472838558667, 
0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, -0.482522295670435, 
-0.195877196644293, 0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, 
-1.24317797052758, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 
0.824786100242867, -1.86673280298486, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 
0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, 
-2.35077729859073, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 
0.824786100242867, -1.86673280298486, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 
0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, 
-2.35077729859073, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 
0.824786100242867, -1.86673280298486, -0.482522295670435, 0.468086299528672, 
-0.55472838558667, 0.759205542363384, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 
0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, 
-2.35077729859073, -0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 
0.824786100242867, -1.86673280298486, -0.482522295670435, -0.195877196644293, 
0.511580674503935, -0.658596511353487, 0.468086299528672, -1.24317797052758, 
-0.55472838558667, 0.131409158984094, 0.759205542363384, 0.824786100242867, 
-0.482522295670435, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, 
-1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, -2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, 
-0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 
0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 
-2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 
-4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, 
-1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, -2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, 
-0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 
0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 
-2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 
-4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, 
-1.49648725810236, -2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 
0.515281428093344, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 
0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, -2.13935195209412, 
0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 0.134447522792538, 
-4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, 
-1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, -2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, 
-0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 
0.414223673077983, 0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 
-2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 
0.134447522792538, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 
0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 0.0954886028288132, 
-2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 
0.134447522792538, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 
0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 0.0954886028288132, 
-2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 
0.134447522792538, -4.09755608083992, -1.49648725810236, -2.13935195209412, 
-0.816182528789355, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 
0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, 0.0954886028288132, 
-2.13935195209412, 0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, 
0.134447522792538, -4.09755608083992, 0.301242780883547, 0.414223673077983, 
0.262357298984787, -1.49648725810236, 0.238301422916755, -2.13935195209412, 
0.340899933083442, -0.816182528789355, 0.515281428093344, -4.09755608083992
), .Dim = c(131L, 4L))

这样是无法正常工作的... 首先绘制该层不是一个选项。

1个回答
10

首先，展示你的数据应该以一种容易被复制到他人的R会话中的方式进行（就像我在您的另一个主题中写的那样），例如：

> dput(clVrd)
structure(list(x = c(0.464662, 0.9388307, 1.1809942, 1.5476428, 
-0.1855485, 0.4525888, -0.4004534, -1.0669191, -0.9372038, 0.5617849, 
-0.9370099, 0.6803453, 1.3040601), y = c(0.09859806, 0.05681554, 
0.12906415, 0.49644973, 0.30445869, 0.49559198, -0.06419374, 
0.17292748, 0.02601539, -5.21857716, -0.05539107, 0.21223368, 
0.47598799), label = 2:14), .Names = c("x", "y", "label"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-13L))

或者像你所做的那样，但不带行名！无论如何：

如果我没错的话，geom_point 没有 label 参数，所以这种方式不值得尝试。你应该在打印出点之后使用 geom_text 等辅助工具添加额外的层，例如：

ggplot(clVrd, aes(x=x, y=y, label=label)) + geom_point() + geom_text()

在此输入图片描述

你可能想把文本从点下/左/右等位置移开。

更新：根据问题的更新

首先，正如@hadley指出的那样：将矩阵转换为数据框并命名变量是一个好习惯：

clVdr <- as.data.frame(clVdr)
names(clVdr) <- c('x', 'y', 'label')
mid <- as.data.frame(mid)
names(mid) <- c('x', 'y')
lines <- as.data.frame(lines)
names(lines) <- c('x', 'y', 'xend', 'yend')

根据上面的指令，扩展您相当复杂的解决方案很容易：

ggplot(mapping = aes(x, y)) + 
  geom_segment(data=lines, aes(xend = xend, yend = yend), 
    color = 'grey', alpha = 0.2) +
  geom_point(data = clVdr, size = 4, shape = 2) +
  geom_point(data = mid, size = 4, shape = 22) +
  geom_text(data = clVdr, aes(label=label), hjust = 0, vjust = 0) +
  opts(legend.position = "none") +
  scale_x_continuous('Dimension 1') +
  scale_y_continuous('Dimension 2') +
  opts(axis.title.y = theme_text(vjust = 0.2, angle = 90)) +
  opts(axis.title.x = theme_text(vjust = 0.2, angle = 0)) +
  theme_bw()

我还添加了theme_bw()，只是为了适合我的口味 :) 这导致得到:

在此输入图片描述

1
好的，我找到了解决方案。解决方案是添加以下代码行： geom_text(aes(label=clVrd[,3], x=clVrd[,1], y=clVrd[,2]), hjust=0, vjust=0) 明天我会发布完整的命令，届时可以回答我的问题... - Dominik
我根据您修改后的问题更新了我的答案。希望这是您想要的。 - daroczig
我很高兴能够帮助。如果我的回答有用，请考虑点赞（在我的帖子旁边的向上箭头）和/或接受（在我的帖子旁边的复选框）它。不幸的是，我不知道任何智能放置标签的自动方式，您应该通过指定聪明的坐标来完成。您甚至可以将其保存到不同的数据框中，以使您的解决方案更加复杂 :) - daroczig
你是对的@hadley（就像我在原始答案中所做的那样-请参见上文），我只是没有心情完全重写更新后问题的复杂结构。但现在已经完成了。 - daroczig
@hadley 我同意你的看法，并将在未来这样做。我只是一年前开始使用R，有很多相互关联的脚本，我不想再重写所有的脚本... - Dominik
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