在Node.js中，如何从一个函数返回一个Promise？

Question

在Node.js中，如何从一个函数返回一个Promise？

5

我正在探索在node.js中使用promises和callbacks的可能性。我尝试找到一种方法使得这段代码能够工作。目前我面临的问题是，当我调用一个函数并想要使用返回值时，它还没有准备好。我知道我该怎么做，但不知道如何做。基本上，我必须让insertAddress()返回一个promise（这样我就可以在其上使用.then()），或者将回调作为参数传递给它。为了实现这一点，我认为databaseWork()也应该返回一个promise。但我不知道在哪里添加它。问题出现在'console.log(out)'中，因为insertAddress仍在运行，out变量还没有被设置。下面是我的代码：

app.js
-----

const databaseWork = require('./db/mysql.js').databaseWork;

app.use('/test',  (req, resp) => {
  var address = {
     country : "Country",
     city : "Randomcity",
     street : "Random",
     number : 6,
     postalcode : "A789",
     province : "a province"
   }
  var out = insertAddress(address);  //<== takes time to finish, is not ready when the next console.log finishes
  console.log(out);
});

function insertAddress(address){
    var rows
    databaseWork(
      //Following anonymous function contains the actual workload. That has to be done inside a transaction
       async (connection) => {
       rows = await insertAddressQuery(address,connection);
       console.log(rows); //this one waits for insertAddressQuery to be complete
    })
    return rows; //this will run before insertAddressQuery is complete
}


function insertAddressQuery(address,connection) {
    return new Promise( (resolve, reject) => {
    //async job
      connection.query('INSERT INTO address (country,city,Street,number,postalcode,province) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?)', [address.country,'4','5',6,'7','8'] , (err, rows) => {
            if (err) {reject(err);}
              resolve(rows);
        });
    });
};


/db/mysql.js
------------

var mysql = require('mysql');
var dbpool = mysql.createPool({
  host: process.env.HOST_DB,
  user: process.env.USER_DB,
  password: process.env.PWD_DB,
  database: process.env.DB
});

function databaseWork(workload){
  dbpool.getConnection( async (err, connection) => {
      await beginTransaction(connection);

      await workload(connection);

      await commitTransaction(connection)
      connection.release();
    });
}


function beginTransaction(connection){
  return new Promise( (resolve, reject) => {
    //async job
    connection.beginTransaction( (err) => {
      if (err) {reject(err);}
        resolve();
    });
  });
};



function commitTransaction(connection) {
    return new Promise( (resolve, reject) => {
    //async job
    connection.commit( (err) => {
        if (err) {reject(err);}
          resolve();
        });
    });
};

exports.databaseWork = databaseWork;

- Bosiwow

2个回答

0

你可以使用async await来实现这一点。

var example = async (req, res) => {
    var response = await myAsyncTask();

    // this will get logged once the async task finished running.
    console.log(response)
}

// Use async await to get response
var myAsyncTask = async () => {
    try {
        var response = await asyncTaskINeedDataFrom()
        return response;
    }
    catch(err) {
        return console.log(err);
    }
}

这是npm模块：https://www.npmjs.com/package/async

- alexr101

网页内容由stack overflow 提供, 点击上面的

可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- t.niese · Accepted Answer

您可以在您的数据库工作中完成此操作：

function databaseWork(workload) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    dbpool.getConnection(async (err, connection) => {
      try {
        await beginTransaction(connection);

        var result = await workload(connection);

        await commitTransaction(connection)

        resolve(result);
      } catch( err ) {
         reject(err)
      } finally {
        connection.release();
      }
    });
  })

}

< p > databaseWork 返回的 Promise 将会由 workload 的结果解决。现在你可以将 insertAddress 更改为以下内容：

async function insertAddress(address){
    return databaseWork(connection => {
       return insertAddressQuery(address,connection);
    })
}

您需要将路由更改为以下内容：

app.use('/test', async (req, resp) => {
  var address = {
    country: "Country",
    city: "Randomcity",
    street: "Random",
    number: 6,
    postalcode: "A789",
    province: "a province"
  }
  var out = await insertAddress(address); // use await here to wait for insertAddress to be finished

  console.log(out);
});

*更新代码，使用返回Promise的getConnection函数：

function getConnection() {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    dbpool.getConnection((err, connection) => {
      if (err) {
        reject(err)
      } else {
        resolve(connection);
      }
    })
  });
}

async function databaseWork(workload) {
  var connection = await getConnection();
  var result;
  try {
    await beginTransaction(connection)

    result = await workload(connection)

    await commitTransaction(connection)
  } catch (err) {
    // a rollback might be neccesaary at that place
    throw err
  } finally {
    connection.release();
  }

  return result;
}