Spring Boot JAR - 缺少EmbeddedServletContainerFactory

Question

Spring Boot JAR - 缺少EmbeddedServletContainerFactory

5

Spring Boot (1.2.7) web应用（响应SSL请求）在Intellij IDEA中运行良好。

为了从命令行运行，构建JAR文件时会导致启动错误。

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: 无法启动嵌入式容器； 嵌套异常是 org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: 由于缺少EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean，无法启动EmbeddedWebApplicationContext。

问题

如何避免这个错误？
如果需要声明EmbeddedServletContainerFactory，如何使其ServletContainer处理我的Controller的请求？

尝试的解决方案

按照错误提示添加EmbeddedservletContainerFactory。现在可以从JAR启动项目，但是像在IntelliJ中那样请求不会被Controller接收。

这是我Application.class的代码，在添加EmbeddedServletContainerFactory之后。

package org.coursera.diabetes;

import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao;
import com.j256.ormlite.support.ConnectionSource;
import diabetes.common.model.*;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatConnectorCustomizer;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class);

    private static final String dbUrl = "jdbc:h2:mem:testdb";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

    }

    @Bean
    @Profile("production")
    public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory servletContainer(@Value("${keystore.file}") Resource keystoreFile) {
        TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcat = new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        //factory.setPort(8443);
        String absoluteKeystoreFile = "";

        try {
            absoluteKeystoreFile = keystoreFile.getFile().getAbsolutePath();
            logger.info(String.format("******** keystore: %s", absoluteKeystoreFile));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(createSslConnector(absoluteKeystoreFile));
        return tomcat;
    }

    private Connector createSslConnector(String absKeystoreFile) {
        Connector connector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol");
        Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
        try {
            connector.setScheme("https");
            connector.setSecure(true);
            connector.setPort(8443);
            protocol.setSSLEnabled(true);
            protocol.setKeystoreFile(absKeystoreFile);
            protocol.setKeystorePass("changeit");
            protocol.setKeyAlias("tomcat");
            return connector;
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("can't access keystore: [" + "keystore"
                    + "] or truststore: [" + "keystore" + "]", ex);
        }
    }
}

注意事项

Spring Boot（Web）应用程序在从Intellij IDEA运行时表现良好，响应https请求只需在application.properties中添加几行附加代码：

security.require-ssl=true
server.port=8443
server.ssl.key-store=src/main/resources/private/keystore
server.ssl.key-store-password=changeit
server.ssl.key-password=changeit

我使用以下命令在命令行中启动JAR文件：

java -Dspring.profiles.active=production -Dkeystore.file=file:///$PWD/keystore -jar diabetes-spring.jar

这样做启动JAR没有错误，但https网络请求(在Intellij中正常工作)只返回Apache/tomcat 404 "所请求的资源不可用"。

编辑

使用-Ddebug运行JAR会输出以下信息(为了不让找不到配置文件application.properties/application/application-production.properties的DEBUG消息显得不相关，我省略了它们)。

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::

2015-11-13 14:16:39.980  INFO 47600 --- [           main] org.coursera.diabetes.Applica
tion        : Starting Application on Bakers-MacBook-Pro.local with PID 47600 (/User
s/baker/coursera-android/MoCCA-15/spring-tests/diabetes_root2/diabetes-spring/out/artifa
cts/diabetes_spring_jar/diabetes-spring.jar started by blam in /Users/blam/coursera-and
roid/MoCCA-15/spring-tests/diabetes_root2/diabetes-spring/out/artifacts/diabetes_spring
_jar)
2015-11-13 14:16:39.983 DEBUG 47600 --- [           main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication
            : Loading source class org.coursera.diabetes.Application
2015-11-13 14:16:40.011 DEBUG 47600 --- [           main] o.s.b.c.c.ConfigFileApplicati
onListener  : Activated profiles production
2015-11-13 14:16:40.011 DEBUG 47600 --- [           main] o.s.b.c.c.ConfigFileApplicati
onListener  : Loaded config file 'file:./config/application.properties'
2015-11-13 14:16:40.020  INFO 47600 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplica
tionContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbe
ddedWebApplicationContext@23faf8f2: startup date [Fri Nov 13 14:16:40 WET 2015]; root o
f context hierarchy
2015-11-13 14:16:40.022 DEBUG 47600 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplica
tionContext : Bean factory for org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConf
igEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@23faf8f2: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.Def
aultListableBeanFactory@6cc7b4de: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotatio
n.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.inter
nalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequired
AnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProc
essor,application]; root of factory hierarchy
2015-11-13 14:16:40.220 DEBUG 47600 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplica
tionContext : Unable to locate MessageSource with name 'messageSource': using default [
org.springframework.context.support.DelegatingMessageSource@20ce78ec]
2015-11-13 14:16:40.221 DEBUG 47600 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplica
tionContext : Using ApplicationEventMulticaster [org.springframework.context.event.Simp
leApplicationEventMulticaster@393671df]
2015-11-13 14:16:40.226  WARN 47600 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplica
tionContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh
attempt

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start embedded conta
iner; nested exception is org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unab
le to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactor
y bean.
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRe
fresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:132)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(Abstr
actApplicationContext.java:474)
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refr
esh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:117)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:68
9)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:321)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:969)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:958)
        at org.coursera.diabetes.Application.main(Application.java:40)
Caused by: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean.
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:182)
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.createEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:155)
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:129)
        ... 7 common frames omitted

2015-11-13 14:16:40.227  INFO 47600 --- [           main] .b.l.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener : Application failed to start with classpath: [file:/Users/baker/coursera-android/MoCCA-15/spring-tests/diabetes_root2/diabetes-spring/out/artifacts/diabetes_spring_jar/diabetes-spring.jar]
2015-11-13 14:16:40.228 ERROR 47600 --- [           main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application startup failed

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start embedded container; nested exception is org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean.
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:132)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:474)
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:117)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:689)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:321)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:969)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:958)
        at org.coursera.diabetes.Application.main(Application.java:40)
Caused by: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean.
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:182)
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.createEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:155)
        at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:129)
        ... 7 common frames omitted

- Baker

尝试将事情恢复到原来的状态，并查看自动配置报告（使用--debug运行），以了解为什么嵌入式servlet容器未被自动配置。 - Andy Wilkinson

@AndyWilkinson 谢谢。尝试了 -Ddebug 选项。奇怪的是，在运行 JAR 时没有生成自动配置报告（输出已复制）。在 IDEA 中运行 --debug，报告按预期生成。我想知道是否在构建 JAR 构件时自动配置被关闭了。 - Baker

你如何构建jar？ - jny

在IDEA中，进入“项目结构”（Cmd + ;）-> “构件” -> 点击“+”按钮 -> 选择“JAR” -> 从带有依赖项的模块中选择主模块 -> 选择主类 -> 将库中的JAR文件提取到目标JAR中 -> META-INF/MANIFEST.MF目录: <project_root>/src/main/resources/ -> 在菜单中选择“构建” -> 构建构件 -> [选择jar名称] -> 构建。 - Baker

1个回答

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原文链接

- Baker · Answer 1

在IntelliJ IDEA中，进入“项目结构”-“工件”-“可用元素”，需要将所有Gradle依赖库提取到输出根目录，以使Spring Boot应用程序的JAR能够从Java命令行执行中正常运行。

将JAR工件更改为此后，我可以构建JAR并从命令行JVM运行它。

要使默认的TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory在HTTPS/SSL端口8443上运行，请指定与application.properties中所需的等效Java命令行参数。

例如：

java -jar your-spring.jar --security.require-ssl=true --server.port=8443 --server.ssl.key-store=keystore --server.ssl.key-store-password=changeit --server.ssl.key-password=changeit