我正在Windows上使用emacs v22.2.1，使用Flymake检查C#代码。
Flymake对我来说一直很有效。对于那些不了解的人，您可以阅读有关flymake的概述，但简单来说，flymake会在后台重复构建您当前正在工作的源文件，以进行语法检查。然后它会在当前缓冲区中突出显示编译器警告和错误。
最初Flymake在C#上无法工作，但是我已经“修补”了它，现在它非常好用。如果您在emacs中编辑C#，我强烈建议使用flymake。
我唯一遇到的问题是UI。Flymake很好地突出显示了错误和警告，然后插入了带有完整错误或警告文本的“覆盖层”，如果我将鼠标指针悬停在代码中突出显示的行上，则会弹出覆盖层工具提示。
经过一些研究，我发现使用(tooltip-show really-long-string)可以展示效果。
这与覆盖层或flymake无关。
;; Reforms a single-line string ARG to a multi-line string with a max
;; of LIMIT chars on a line.
;;
;; This is intended to solve a problem with the display of tooltip text
;; in emacs on Win32 - which is that the tooltip is extended to be very very
;; long, and the final line is clipped.
;;
;; The solution is to split the text into multiple lines, and to add a
;; trailing newline to trick the tooltip logic into doing the right thing.
;;
(defun cheeso-reform-string (limit arg)
(let ((orig arg) (modified "") (curline "") word
(words (split-string arg " ")))
(while words
(progn
(setq curline "")
(while (and words (< (length curline) limit))
(progn
(setq word (car words))
(setq words (cdr words))
(setq curline (concat curline " " word))))
(setq modified (concat modified curline "\n"))))
(setq modified (concat modified " \n")))
)
(defadvice tooltip-show (before
flymake-csharp-fixup-tooltip
(arg &optional use-echo-area)
activate compile)
(progn
(if (and (not use-echo-area)
(eq major-mode 'csharp-mode))
(let ((orig (ad-get-arg 0)))
(ad-set-arg 0 (cheeso-reform-string 72 orig))
))))
result:
当我在调整这个flymake的东西时，真正的目标是让一个“快速修复”选项菜单在flymake显示错误时弹出。如果你点击ALT-Shift-F10，Visual Studio就会做到这一点。
而且，在一些基本场景中，我已经让它工作了。 以下是用户体验：
步骤1：编写代码时出现未解决的类型引用问题 - 在这种情况下，是Stream。Flymake会标记出问题，如下所示：
步骤2：通过(flymake-display-err-menu-for-current-line)弹出flymake错误菜单
步骤3：选择菜单项，快速修复将自动应用。
我安排提供了一些特殊情况下的“快速修复”选项：
诀窍是建议。这次是在flymake-make-emacs-menu函数上。 flymake中的该函数准备传递给x-popup-menu的数据结构。建议（“after”建议）解析错误列表，查找已知的错误代码，如果找到，则“猴子补丁”弹出菜单，插入修复错误的选项。
;; The flymake-make-emacs-menu function prepares the menu for display in
;; x-popup-menu. But the menu from flymake is really just a static list
;; of errors. Clicking on any of the items, does nothing. This advice
;; re-jiggers the menu structure to add dynamic actions into the menu,
;; for some error cases. For example, with an unrecognized type error
;; (CS0246), this fn injects a submenu item that when clicked, will
;; insert a using statement into the top of the file. Other errors are
;; also handled.
;;
;; This won't work generally. It required some changes to flymake.el,
;; so that flymake-goto-next-error would go to the line AND column. The
;; original flymake only goes to the line, not the column. Therefore,
;; quickfixes like inserting a semicolon or a namespace in front of a
;; typename, won't work because the position is off.
;;
(defadvice flymake-make-emacs-menu (after
flymake-csharp-offer-quickfix-menu
()
activate compile)
(let* ((menu ad-return-value)
(title (car menu))
(items (cadr menu))
action
new-items
)
(setq new-items (mapcar
'(lambda (x)
(let ((msg (car x)) missing-type namespace m2 m3)
(cond ((or (string-match "error CS0246:" msg)
(string-match "error CS0103:" msg))
(progn
(string-match "^\\(.+'\\([^']+\\)'[^(]+\\)" msg)
(setq missing-type (substring msg
(match-beginning 2)
(match-end 2)))
;; trim the message to get rid of the (did you forget to ...?)
(setq msg
(substring msg
(match-beginning 1)
(match-end 1)))
(setq namespace (csharp-get-namespace-for-type missing-type))
(if namespace
;; the namespace was found
(progn
(setq m2 (concat "insert using " namespace ";"))
(setq m3 (concat namespace "." missing-type))
(list msg
(list m2 'csharp-insert-using-clause-for-type missing-type)
(list m3 'csharp-insert-fully-qualified-type namespace)
(list "resolve this type reference manually")))
;; couldn't find the namespace; maybe it's just a typo
(list msg
(list "resolve this type reference manually")))))
;; missing semicolon
((string-match "error CS1002:" msg)
(progn
(list msg
(list "insert ; " 'insert ";"))
))
;; all other cases
(t
;; no quick fixes for this error
(list msg
(list "resolve this error manually"))))))
(cdr items)))
;; If there's only one menu item, it sometimes won't display
;; properly. The main error message is hidden, and the submenu
;; items become the menu items. I don't know why. Appending a list
;; of ("" nil) to the end, insures that the menu will display
;; properly.
(setq new-items (append new-items (list (list "" nil))))
;; finally, set the return value
(setq ad-return-value (cons title new-items))
;; (setq ad-return-value (list title
;; (list "item1" (list "choice 1.A" 1) (list "choice 1.B" 2))
;; (list "item2" (list "choice 2.A" 3) (list "choice 2.B" 4))
;; (list "item3")
;; ))
))
“插入 using” 修复还依赖于查找功能，它能够将短类型名称（例如 Stream）解析为完全限定的类型名称（例如 System.IO.Stream）。这是一个独立的问题。
如果用户选择了菜单项来应用快速修复，则会运行一个函数来插入一个新的 “using” 子句：
(defun csharp-insert-using-clause (namespace)
"inserts a new using clause, for the given namespace"
(interactive "sInsert using clause; Namespace: ")
(save-excursion
(let ((beginning-of-last-using (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*using [^ ]+;")))
(end-of-line)
(newline)
(insert (concat "using " namespace ";"))
)
)
)
我认为这可以扩展以处理其他类型错误的快速修复。但我不知道那些易修复的错误可能是什么。如果有人有任何想法或需要帮助，请告诉我。
M-x report-emacs-bug。 - Trey Jackson\n的字符串运行tooltip-show来看到这一点。 - Cheeso