它基本上不会进行任何透明的编码/解码,只是打开文件并返回它。
这是来自库的代码:-
def open(filename, mode='rb', encoding=None, errors='strict', buffering=1):
""" Open an encoded file using the given mode and return
a wrapped version providing transparent encoding/decoding.
Note: The wrapped version will only accept the object format
defined by the codecs, i.e. Unicode objects for most builtin
codecs. Output is also codec dependent and will usually be
Unicode as well.
Files are always opened in binary mode, even if no binary mode
was specified. This is done to avoid data loss due to encodings
using 8-bit values. The default file mode is 'rb' meaning to
open the file in binary read mode.
encoding specifies the encoding which is to be used for the
file.
errors may be given to define the error handling. It defaults
to 'strict' which causes ValueErrors to be raised in case an
encoding error occurs.
buffering has the same meaning as for the builtin open() API.
It defaults to line buffered.
The returned wrapped file object provides an extra attribute
.encoding which allows querying the used encoding. This
attribute is only available if an encoding was specified as
parameter.
"""
if encoding is not None:
if 'U' in mode:
mode = mode.strip().replace('U', '')
if mode[:1] not in set('rwa'):
mode = 'r' + mode
if 'b' not in mode:
mode = mode + 'b'
file = __builtin__.open(filename, mode, buffering)
if encoding is None:
return file
info = lookup(encoding)
srw = StreamReaderWriter(file, info.streamreader, info.streamwriter, errors)
srw.encoding = encoding
return srw
如果编码为None,则返回已打开的文件,如您所见。
以下是每个字节表示为十进制数并显示其对应的ASCII字符的文件:
46 .
46 .
46 .
32 'space'
48 0
45 -
49 1
10 'line feed'
10 'line feed'
91 [
69 E
118 v
101 e
110 n
116 t
32 'space'
34 "
72 H
97 a
114 r
118 v
97 a
114 r
100 d
32 'space'
67 C
117 u
112 p
32 'space'
51 3
48 0
180 'this is not ascii'
34 "
93 ]
10 'line feed'
46 .
46 .
46 .
您在使用ASCII打开时遇到的问题是十进制值为180的字节。 ASCII只能达到127。所以我认为这一定是某种扩展的ASCII,其中128-255用于额外的符号。在阅读了关于ASCII的维基百科文章(
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII)后,它提到了一个叫做windows-1252的流行ASCII扩展。在windows-1252中,十进制值180映射到重音符号(´)。然后我决定在谷歌中搜索您文件中的字符串以了解其实际相关性。这就是当我找到“Harvard Cup 30´”
http://www.365chess.com/tournaments/Harvard_Cup_30%C2%B4_1989/21650时。
因此,正确的编码可能是windows-1252。这是我的测试程序:-
import codecs
with codecs.open('f.txt', 'r', encoding='windows-1252') as f:
print f.read()
输出
... 0-1
[Event "Harvard Cup 30´"]
...