我参与了一个需要提取歌曲特征如每分钟拍数（BPM）、节奏等的项目。然而，我还没有找到一个适合的Python库能够准确地检测这些特征。
请问有没有什么建议呢？
（在Matlab中，我知道一个名为Mirtoolbox的项目，可以在处理本地mp3文件后提供BPM和节奏信息。）
6个回答
7
Python绑定非常丰富，但安装Echo Nest可能会很麻烦，因为该团队似乎无法构建稳定的安装程序。然而，它不进行本地处理。相反，它计算音频指纹并将歌曲上传到Echo Nest服务器，以使用他们不公开的算法进行信息提取。
- Mikko Ohtamaa
6
3有没有本地处理项目能够仅基于本地的mp3/wav文件提取bpm特征？ - MaiTiano
1我大约一年前对这个问题进行了一些研究，Echo Nest是Python最简单的解决方案。我不确定现在是否有其他可用的库 - 如果你找到了，请在这里回答。 - Mikko Ohtamaa
1我和你有相同的发现。没有可用的库可以提取音乐特征。 - MaiTiano
或者，是否还有其他类似Echonest的库。即使它只包括一些功能提取函数。 - MaiTiano
2EchoNest不再发放API密钥了... https://developer.echonest.com/account/register - alexvicegrab
他们的注册页面甚至无法加载了。 - dionyziz
2
我找到了@scaperot在这里的代码，它可以帮助你：
import wave, array, math, time, argparse, sys
import numpy, pywt
from scipy import signal
import pdb
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def read_wav(filename):
#open file, get metadata for audio
try:
wf = wave.open(filename,'rb')
except IOError, e:
print e
return
# typ = choose_type( wf.getsampwidth() ) #TODO: implement choose_type
nsamps = wf.getnframes();
assert(nsamps > 0);
fs = wf.getframerate()
assert(fs > 0)
# read entire file and make into an array
samps = list(array.array('i',wf.readframes(nsamps)))
#print 'Read', nsamps,'samples from', filename
try:
assert(nsamps == len(samps))
except AssertionError, e:
print nsamps, "not equal to", len(samps)
return samps, fs
# print an error when no data can be found
def no_audio_data():
print "No audio data for sample, skipping..."
return None, None
# simple peak detection
def peak_detect(data):
max_val = numpy.amax(abs(data))
peak_ndx = numpy.where(data==max_val)
if len(peak_ndx[0]) == 0: #if nothing found then the max must be negative
peak_ndx = numpy.where(data==-max_val)
return peak_ndx
def bpm_detector(data,fs):
cA = []
cD = []
correl = []
cD_sum = []
levels = 4
max_decimation = 2**(levels-1);
min_ndx = 60./ 220 * (fs/max_decimation)
max_ndx = 60./ 40 * (fs/max_decimation)
for loop in range(0,levels):
cD = []
# 1) DWT
if loop == 0:
[cA,cD] = pywt.dwt(data,'db4');
cD_minlen = len(cD)/max_decimation+1;
cD_sum = numpy.zeros(cD_minlen);
else:
[cA,cD] = pywt.dwt(cA,'db4');
# 2) Filter
cD = signal.lfilter([0.01],[1 -0.99],cD);
# 4) Subtractargs.filename out the mean.
# 5) Decimate for reconstruction later.
cD = abs(cD[::(2**(levels-loop-1))]);
cD = cD - numpy.mean(cD);
# 6) Recombine the signal before ACF
# essentially, each level I concatenate
# the detail coefs (i.e. the HPF values)
# to the beginning of the array
cD_sum = cD[0:cD_minlen] + cD_sum;
if [b for b in cA if b != 0.0] == []:
return no_audio_data()
# adding in the approximate data as well...
cA = signal.lfilter([0.01],[1 -0.99],cA);
cA = abs(cA);
cA = cA - numpy.mean(cA);
cD_sum = cA[0:cD_minlen] + cD_sum;
# ACF
correl = numpy.correlate(cD_sum,cD_sum,'full')
midpoint = len(correl) / 2
correl_midpoint_tmp = correl[midpoint:]
peak_ndx = peak_detect(correl_midpoint_tmp[min_ndx:max_ndx]);
if len(peak_ndx) > 1:
return no_audio_data()
peak_ndx_adjusted = peak_ndx[0]+min_ndx;
bpm = 60./ peak_ndx_adjusted * (fs/max_decimation)
print bpm
return bpm,correl
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Process .wav file to determine the Beats Per Minute.')
parser.add_argument('--filename', required=True,
help='.wav file for processing')
parser.add_argument('--window', type=float, default=3,
help='size of the the window (seconds) that will be scanned to determine the bpm. Typically less than 10 seconds. [3]')
args = parser.parse_args()
samps,fs = read_wav(args.filename)
data = []
correl=[]
bpm = 0
n=0;
nsamps = len(samps)
window_samps = int(args.window*fs)
samps_ndx = 0; #first sample in window_ndx
max_window_ndx = nsamps / window_samps;
bpms = numpy.zeros(max_window_ndx)
#iterate through all windows
for window_ndx in xrange(0,max_window_ndx):
#get a new set of samples
#print n,":",len(bpms),":",max_window_ndx,":",fs,":",nsamps,":",samps_ndx
data = samps[samps_ndx:samps_ndx+window_samps]
if not ((len(data) % window_samps) == 0):
raise AssertionError( str(len(data) ) )
bpm, correl_temp = bpm_detector(data,fs)
if bpm == None:
continue
bpms[window_ndx] = bpm
correl = correl_temp
#iterate at the end of the loop
samps_ndx = samps_ndx+window_samps;
n=n+1; #counter for debug...
bpm = numpy.median(bpms)
print 'Completed. Estimated Beats Per Minute:', bpm
n = range(0,len(correl))
plt.plot(n,abs(correl));
plt.show(False); #plot non-blocking
time.sleep(10);
plt.close();
- Liam
1
1
"librosa"是您要寻找的软件包，它包含广泛的音频分析功能。函数"librosa.beat.beat_track()"和"librosa.beat.tempo()"将为您提取所需的特征。使用"librosa"中可用的函数还可以获取色度、MFCC、零交叉率等谱特征以及节奏特征，如tempogram。"
- Anjana K V
1
Librosa有librosa.beat.beat_track()方法，但需要提供BMP估计值作为“start_bpm”参数。不确定其准确性，但或许值得一试。
- alexvicegrab
-1
最近我发现了Vampy，这是一个包装插件，可以让你在任何Vamp主机中使用用Python编写的Vamp插件。Vamp是一种音频处理插件系统，用于从音频数据中提取描述性信息的插件。希望这能帮到你。
- gourxb
1
Vamp网站对于如何安装Vampy并不是很清楚，他们建议使用SonicAnnotator等工具，但该网站似乎已经关闭了...http://www.omras2.org/SonicAnnotator如果Vampy是一个Python包，并且可以通过pip/conda轻松安装或通过git克隆，并且有一种简单的方法将其用作命令行工具，那将会更加有用。 - alexvicegrab
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