我一直使用Python Requests库爬取一个网站,但该网站最近更换了SSL证书,新的证书无法通过请求进行验证。
根据类似问题的答案,我已将requests和urllib3更新到最新版本(2.4.3和1.9.1),并手动将CA证书添加到requests的cacert.pem(/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/cacert.pem)中。
我可以成功地用curl使用这个cacert.pem文件,但还是无法在requests中使用。
根据类似问题的答案,我已将requests和urllib3更新到最新版本(2.4.3和1.9.1),并手动将CA证书添加到requests的cacert.pem(/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/cacert.pem)中。
我可以成功地用curl使用这个cacert.pem文件,但还是无法在requests中使用。
> curl --head --cacert /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/cacert.pem
https://jordan-cu.org
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2014 16:21:28 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Pingback: https://jordan-cu.org/xmlrpc.php
Link: <https://jordan-cu.org/>; rel=shortlink
X-Powered-By: PleskLin
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
> python
Python 2.7.4 (default, Sep 26 2013, 03:20:26)
[GCC 4.7.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> requests.get('https://jordan-cu.org')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 60, in get
return request('get', url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 49, in request
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 457, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 569, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 420, in send
raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:504: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed
我不确定此时还能尝试什么。欢迎任何帮助!
strace -e open,stat ...
命令来检查 Python 安装是否使用了你期望的 cacert.pem,或者它是否在其他地方寻找证书。 - Steffen Ullrich