如何控制Tor，在使用Tor代理时

Question

我正在尝试使用tor连接到资源，并更改身份。但第一次连接尝试更改身份会导致错误。

代码：

import urllib2, socks, socket
from stem import Signal
from stem.control import Controller


def newI():
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
        controller.authenticate()
        controller.signal(Signal.NEWNYM)

newI()

socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket

headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/3.0 (x86 [en] Windows NT 5.1; Sun)'} 
req = urllib2.Request('https://google.com', None, headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
html = response.read()

newI()

我遇到了错误：

  File "/media/all/Run/e/c.py", line 21, in <module>
    newI()
  File "/media/all/Run/e/c.py", line 7, in newI
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/stem/control.py", line 659, in from_port
    control_port = stem.socket.ControlPort(address, port)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/stem/socket.py", line 314, in __init__
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/stem/socket.py", line 187, in connect
    self._socket = self._make_socket()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/stem/socket.py", line 340, in _make_socket
    control_socket.connect((self._control_addr, self._control_port))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/socks.py", line 369, in connect
    self.__negotiatesocks5(destpair[0],destpair[1])
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/socks.py", line 236, in __negotiatesocks5
    raise Socks5Error(ord(resp[1]),_generalerrors[ord(resp[1])])
TypeError: __init__() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given)

也许我需要禁用代理，请告诉我正确的方法。

更新：

使用pycurl可以正常工作：

import pycurl
import cStringIO
from stem import Signal
from stem.control import Controller


def newI():
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
        controller.authenticate()
        controller.signal(Signal.NEWNYM)

newI()

buf = cStringIO.StringIO()
c = pycurl.Curl()
c.setopt(pycurl.URL, 'http://google.com/')
c.setopt(c.WRITEFUNCTION, buf.write)
c.setopt(pycurl.PROXY, 'localhost')
c.setopt(pycurl.PROXYPORT, 9050)
c.setopt(pycurl.PROXYTYPE, pycurl.PROXYTYPE_SOCKS5)
c.perform()
html = buf.getvalue()[7:]
buf.close()

newI()

- user2503536

Answer 1

问题是由于socket.socket = socks.socksocket这一行引起的。

作为一个临时解决方案，可以保留socket.socket的备份，在请求Tor获取新的身份之前使用备份取消代理设置，然后再次设置代理。

代码将如下所示：

import urllib2, socks, socket
from stem import Signal
from stem.control import Controller

old_socket = socket.socket
socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket

def newI():
    socket.socket = old_socket  # don't use proxy
    with Controller.from_port(port=9051) as controller:
        controller.authenticate()
        controller.signal(Signal.NEWNYM)
    # set up the proxy again
    socket.socket = socks.socksocket

newI()

headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/3.0 (x86 [en] Windows NT 5.1; Sun)'} 
req = urllib2.Request('https://google.com', None, headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
html = response.read()

newI()

然而，我仍在等待有人发布关于为什么会出现此错误的解释，以及更好的修复方法。

- Ionut Hulub

Answer 2

有趣，我想知道是否...

socket.socket = socks.socksocket

是导致_make_socket()获取非标准套接字，随之而来的是批量操作。如果使用PycURL代替，会起作用吗？

- Damian

---

这并没有真正回答问题，因为并不总是可以使用PycURL。例如，我需要直接使用socket.socket，所以不能用PycURL代替。 - Ionut Hulub