使用数据库的.NET MVC简单成员身份验证

Question

使用Code First Entity Framework和.NET MVC 4，我创建了一个新的Web应用程序，并使用如下所示的对象填充了数据库。

 public class GratifyGamingContext : DbContext
{
    public DbSet<Game> Games { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Genre> Genres { get; set; }
    public DbSet<UserProfile> UserRepository { get; set; }
}

我希望使用我的UserRepository表而不是AccountModel.cs中内置的UserContext类来访问用户账户，因为我无法让它与我的现有dbContext正常工作。

    public class UsersContext : DbContext
{
    public UsersContext()
        : base("DefaultConnection")
    {
    }

    public DbSet<UserProfile> UserProfiles { get; set; }
}

[Table("UserProfile")]
public class UserProfile
{
    [Key]
    [DatabaseGeneratedAttribute(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
    public int UserId { get; set; }
    public string UserName { get; set; }
}

每当我从InitializeSimpleMembershipAttribute.cs构造SimpleMembershipInitializer对象时，我的程序总是崩溃。 我已经注释掉了我认为不相关的代码。

    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)]
public sealed class InitializeSimpleMembershipAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    private static SimpleMembershipInitializer _initializer;
    private static object _initializerLock = new object();
    private static bool _isInitialized;

    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
        // Ensure ASP.NET Simple Membership is initialized only once per app start
        LazyInitializer.EnsureInitialized(ref _initializer, ref _isInitialized, ref _initializerLock);
    }

    private class SimpleMembershipInitializer
    {
        public SimpleMembershipInitializer()
        {
            //Database.SetInitializer<UsersContext>(null);

            try
            {
                using (var context = new GratifyGamingContext())
                {
                    if (!context.Database.Exists())
                    {
                        // Create the SimpleMembership database without Entity Framework migration schema
                        ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext.CreateDatabase();
                    }
                }

                WebSecurity.InitializeDatabaseConnection("DefaultConnection", "UserProfile", "UserId", "UserName", autoCreateTables: true);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("The ASP.NET Simple Membership database could not be initialized. For more information, please see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=256588", ex);
            }
        }
    }
}

我的 ConnectionString 如下所示：

<add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=aspnet-GratifyGaming-20120917185558;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\Games.mdf;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

当在任何AccountController页面中调用WebSecurity.InitializeDatabaseConnect时，我会收到以下错误：

[SqlException (0x80131904)：使用操作系统错误2（无法检索此错误的文本。原因：15105）失败，无法查找文件“C：\ Users \ Unreal \ Documents \ Visual Studio 2010 \ Projects \ GratifyGaming \ GratifyGaming.WebUI \ App_Data \ Games.mdf”的目录。无法将文件“C：\ Users \ Unreal \ Documents \ Visual Studio 2010 \ Projects \ GratifyGaming \ GratifyGaming.WebUI \ App_Data \ Games.mdf”附加为数据库“aspnet-GratifyGaming-20120917185558”。]

[TargetInvocationException：已由调用目标抛出异常。] System.RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance（RuntimeType type，Boolean publicOnly，Boolean noCheck，Boolean＆canBeCached，RuntimeMethodHandleInternal＆ctor，Boolean＆bNeedSecurityCheck）+0

如果我不访问任何AccountController页面，我的应用程序与数据库连接正常。如何配置此应用程序以使用我的UserRepository表而不是UsersContext来进行用户成员身份验证？

- TryCatch

Answer 1

从web.config中的DefaultConnectionString中删除AttachDbFileName。

<add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=aspnet-GratifyGaming-20120917185558;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

在 Global.asax.cs 文件中调用 WebSecurity.InitialiseDatabase 方法。

 public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
{
    protected void Application_Start()
    {

        AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
        Database.SetInitializer<GratifyGamingContext>(new DatabaseInitializer()); 
        WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
        FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
        RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
        BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        AuthConfig.RegisterAuth();

        WebSecurity.InitializeDatabaseConnection(
                  connectionStringName: "DefaultConnection",
                  userTableName: "UserProfile",
                  userIdColumn: "UserID",
                  userNameColumn: "UserName",
                  autoCreateTables: true);
    }
}

在AccountController.cs中将[InitializeSimpleMembership]注释掉

 [Authorize]
    //[InitializeSimpleMembership]
    public class AccountController : Controller

- TryCatch

---

在阅读了几篇覆盖该问题不同组成部分的stackoverflow文章后，我发现了这一点。 - TryCatch

жЙАдї•жИСдїђдЄНеЖНйЬАи¶БInitializeSimpleMembershipAttributeдЇЖеРЧпЉЯ - Ashkan

这里有另一个回答这个问题的链接，可能会对一些人有所帮助：https://dev59.com/yGcs5IYBdhLWcg3w-Yr4#12461447（与上面的答案略有不同） - David Sherret

如果您仍在使用默认表，则确实需要InitializeSimpleMembership。 - Giles Roberts